ZDHHC5 Mediates Immune Dysregulation Driving Generalized Anxiety Disorder Risk.

Objective: To investigate genes associated with palmitoylation modification implicated in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and to elucidate the mechanistic roles of these genes via immune cell-mediated pathways.

Methods: Utilizing large-scale genetic datasets, genes categorized as palmitoylation-expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) were identified by intersecting palmitoylation-related genes (as compiled from the most recent reviews) with genome-wide eQTL datasets. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) methodology was applied to investigate the causal relationship between palmitoylation-eQTL genes and GAD, with further verification conducted through summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) to establish the final target genes.

Senescent fibroblasts secrete CTHRC1 to promote cancer stemness in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Cellular senescence plays a significant role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Substantial evidence indicates that senescence occurs in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the predominant stromal component within the tumor microenvironment (TME), which profoundly impacts tumor biology. However, despite growing evidence of stromal cell involvement in cancer progression, the specific mechanisms and clinical implications of senescent CAFs (SCAFs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been fully elucidated.

Prediction-selection-extraction: star point extraction from daytime star maps based on the randomness of stellar imaging energy.

Daytime star detection represents a significant advancement over traditional methods, with applications in astronomical navigation, atmospheric inversion, and satellite-ground communication. However, daylight conditions impose challenges such as limited exposure time, elevated background noise, and pronounced atmospheric turbulence. These factors reduce the accuracy, success rates, and adaptability of traditional star point extraction algorithms, directly affecting the performance of attitude and orientation systems.

[Functional mechanisms of CIPKs in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses].

Calcineurin B-like protein (CBL)-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) are a group of Ser/Thr protein kinases, playing a crucial role in the growth, development, and stress responses of plants. CIPKs can undergo autophosphorylation or target the phosphorylation of other signaling factors in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. In addition, they are involved in the signaling pathways of plant hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acid (GA), ethylene (ETH), and salicylic acid (SA) to regulate plant growth and development.

Absolute quantitative metagenomic analysis reveals unique gut bacteria underlying berberine and metformin's anti-metabolic disorders effects.

This study aimed to evaluate the potential functional bacteria in the efficacy of two drugs in ameliorating diet-induced metabolic disorder model using absolute and relative quantification methods and to evaluate the benefit of absolute quantification compared with relative quantification. The gut microbiota is implicated in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases, including diet-induced metabolic disorder model. Berberine (BBR) and metformin (MET) are commonly used in the clinical management of metabolic disorder, yet their effects on gut microbiota regulation differ.

Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase stabilizes protein kinase C delta type mRNA to promote hepatocellular carcinoma progression.

Metabolic reprogramming not only reshapes cellular bioenergetics but also profoundly influences RNA metabolism through metabolite signaling and the RNA-binding activities of metabolic enzymes. Emerging evidence highlights that certain metabolic enzymes act as RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) to regulate gene expression and promote tumor progression. However, the non-catalytic post-transcriptional regulatory functions of metabolic enzymes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain largely unexplored.

Expert consensus on the prevention and treatment of radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis.

Radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (OM) is a common oral complication in patients with tumors following head and neck radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Erosion and ulcers are the main features of OM that seriously affect the quality of life of patients and even the progress of tumor treatment. To date, differences in clinical prevention and treatment plans for OM have been noted among doctors of various specialties, which has increased the uncertainty of treatment effects.

Adaptively increased intake of arginine sustains oral keratinocyte survival through alleviating oxidative stress during targeting glutamine metabolism.

Glutamine is a crucial amino acid with a variety of important roles in both health and disease, with ASCT2 (alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2)-mediated uptake being critical for cellular homeostasis. While ASCT2 inhibition has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy for oral malignancies, our prior work revealed its paradoxical pro-tumorigenic effects in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), underscoring the complexity of glutamine metabolism targeting. Here, we identify a compensatory arginine-dependent survival mechanism in oral epithelial cells under glutamine restriction.

The Application of N-Aryl Glycines and Their Analogues in Visible-Light-Promoted Photoredox Catalysis.

The aminomethylation reaction, a fundamental and versatile organic transformation is extensively utilized to incorporate an aminomethyl group into target molecules and plays a significant role in the synthesis of natural products and functional molecules. In recent years, N-Aryl glycines and their analogues have been widely explored in visible-light-promoted photoredox reactions to install an aminomethyl moiety or construct various N-heterocycles under mild conditions. Their key reaction intermediates are α-aminoalkyl radicals, imines, or iminium ions.

Postnatal exposure to various benzophenones at environmentally relevant levels enhances the susceptibility of mammalian testes to cyclophosphamide-induced spermatogenic stress in adulthood.

Exploring the health damage caused by joint exposure in the real world is one of the hotspots in modern environmental toxicology. Recent studies indicate that environmental chemicals can heighten sensitivity to future stress or damage, potentially leading to various diseases. Benzophenone-type (BPs) chemicals, which are commonly used UV filters with estrogenic properties, have been shown to affect the development of male reproductive systems in aquatic animals, rodents, and humans.

3D-printed titanium vertebra in the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy: A comparative analysis of perioperative, radiographic, and clinical outcomes.

Objective: Anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) using a titanium mesh cage (TMC) is associated with a high rate of subsidence. This study aims to evaluate the potential advantages of utilizing 3D-printed titanium vertebrae as an alternative to TMC in ACCF procedures.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent ACCF at our hospital between March 2017 and June 2023.

Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived extracellular vesicles facilitate metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma by delivering CTGF.

Purpose: The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in cancer progression. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are key components of the TME and play critical roles in tumor development and metastasis. However, the mechanisms by which CAFs influence hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis are not fully understood.

Biological vs. Chronological Overnight Fasting: Influence of Last Evening Meal on Morning Glucose in Dysglycemia.

Nocturnal glucose regulation is a critical but underexplored determinant of next-day fasting glucose (FG), particularly in individuals with dysglycemia. This study examined the role of glucose levels after the last eating occasion (LEO) and during the overnight fast in predicting FG, considering the potential influence of carbohydrate content in LEO and insulin sensitivity. In a controlled 24 h protocol, 33 adults (50-75 years) with prediabetes or diet-controlled type 2 diabetes followed a standardized feeding schedule with meals at fixed times, including a LEO at 10:00 p.

Pharmacological Activation of GPR68 Attenuates Ferroptosis in Spinal Cord Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through PI3K/Akt-Mediated Nrf2 Antioxidant Pathway.

Spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (SCIRI) is a devastating condition with limited therapeutic options. This study unveils a novel role of G protein-coupled receptor 68 (GPR68), a pH-sensing G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), in mitigating ferroptosis-a lipid peroxidation-driven cell death-through the Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/ Protein Kinase B/ Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (PI3K/Akt/Nrf2) antioxidant axis. Using in vitro (Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reperfusion (OGD/R)-treated Pheochromocytoma Cell Line 12 (PC12) cells ) and in vivo (rat spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) ) models, we demonstrate that GPR68 downregulation exacerbates ferroptosis, evidenced by elevated Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long-Chain Family Member 4 (ACSL4), Malondialdehyde (MDA), and Oxidized Glutathione/ Total Glutathione (GSSG/T-GSH) levels, alongside reduced Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 11 (SLC7A11) and Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4).

[Acupuncture based on the "head " theory combined with endovascular intervention for ischemic stroke: a randomized controlled trial].

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture based on the "head " theory combined with endovascular intervention in the treatment of ischemic stroke (IS).

Methods: Sixty-six IS patients were randomly divided into an experimental group (33 cases, 3 cases dropped out) and a control group (33 cases, 3 cases dropped out). The control group received endovascular intervention.

Anti-CTGF/PD-1 bispecific antibody Y126S restrains desmoplastic and immunosuppressive microenvironment in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a desmoplastic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), limiting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1).

Methods: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Y126S, a recombinant IgG1/IgG2 hybrid bispecific antibody (BsAb), in reshaping the immunotherapy-resistant TME in PDAC. Orthotopic PDAC and KPC (Kras; Trp53; Pdx1-Cre) mouse models were established and treated with Y126S, α-connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), α-PD-1, or a combination of α-CTGF and α-PD-1.

Higher daytime intake of fruits and vegetables predicts less disrupted nighttime sleep in younger adults.

Background: Higher-quality diets are associated with better sleep quality in observational studies. However, a better understanding of this association is needed given that dietary modifications could represent a novel and natural approach to achieve better sleep.

Objective: To examine how daytime dietary intakes influence sleep quality on the following night using multiple days of self-reported diet monitoring and objective sleep measured under free-living conditions.

Periodontitis Exacerbates Cognitive Impairment via Endothelial Inflammation: Insights from Single-Nucleus Transcriptomics.

Objective: To explore the underlying mechanisms of the association between periodontitis and cognitive impairment.

Methods: Single-nucleus transcriptomics of mice were used to investigate the impact of periodontitis on brain and hippocampal cells to gain insights into disease progression. After data processing, functional enrichment, pathway analysis and cell-cell communication analysis were used to identify the distinct pathways and genes upregulated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) linked to periodontitis.

Electrochemical Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of P(O)-H/P-H Bonds with Heteroatom Nucleophiles: Access to P(O)-N and P(S)-X Compounds.

A unified electrochemical cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) of heteroatom nucleophiles with H-phosphine oxides, H-phosphinates, H-phosphites, and in situ-formed H-phosphine sulfides has been developed for the synthesis of -aryl phosphamides, phosphoramidates, thiophosphamides, phosphinodithioates, and phosphinothioates. This electrochemical reaction exhibited good function tolerance and high atomic economy under metal-, light-, base-, and oxidant-free conditions with releasing molecular hydrogen as the sole and nontoxic byproduct.