Gastric Cancer Treatment New Chapter: Organoid Models Leading Personalized Medicine.

Gastric cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease, with substantial variations observed among patients in clinical manifestation, histological characteristics, and drug sensitivities. Achieving precision medicine necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying gastric cancer and the establishment of robust preclinical models. Organoids, cultivated from cancer cells within tumor tissues, utilizing three-dimensional tissue culture techniques, faithfully replicate the features and heterogeneity of in vivo tumors and have emerged as a promising platform.

Multimodal radiomics model with triple -timepoint contrast-enhanced ultrasound for precise diagnosis of C-TIRADS 4 thyroid nodules.

Objective: This study aims to construct a multimodal radiomics model based on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) radiomic features, combined with conventional ultrasonography (US) images and clinical data, to evaluate its diagnostic efficacy in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules (TNs) classified as C-TIRADS 4, and to assess the clinical application value of the model.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 135 patients with C-TIRADS 4 thyroid nodules who underwent concurrent US and CEUS before FNA/surgery. From each case, one US image and three CEUS key frames (2s post-perfusion, peak enhancement, 2s post-peak) were selected.

Impaired glymphatic system function and its association with speech and language delay in children with ADHD: a prospective study.

Objective: The glymphatic system, a glial cell-dependent waste clearance pathway in the brain, is essential for the maintenance of brain homeostasis. This study aimed to explore the relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its co-occurring clinical phenomena, including gross motor and language development, and the glymphatic system.

Methods: A total of 56 children with ADHD and 33 age-and gender-matched typically developing (TD) children were included in this prospective study.

Hybrid feature fusion in cervical cancer cytology: a novel dual-module approach framework for lesion detection and classification using radiomics, deep learning, and reproducibility.

Objective: Cervical cancer screening through cytology remains the gold standard for early detection, but manual analysis is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to inter-observer variability. This study proposes an automated deep learning-based framework that integrates lesion detection, feature extraction, and classification to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of cytological diagnosis.

Materials And Methods: A dataset of 4,236 cervical cytology samples was collected from six medical centers, with lesion annotations categorized into six diagnostic classes (NILM, ASC-US, ASC-H, LSIL, HSIL, SCC).

Integrated transcriptomic and metabolic analysis reveal the mechanism controlling cucumber-pumpkin grafting compatibility.

Background: The most widely used rootstock of cucumber grafting is pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata). The main task of pumpkin rootstock breeding is to evaluate its compatibility with cucumber scions. One of the main factors affecting grafting compatibility is the rootstock bleeding sap, which affects the wound healing of graft junction.

A multi-backbone cascade and morphology-aware segmentation network for complex morphological X-ray coronary artery images.

X-ray coronary artery images are the 'gold standard' technology for diagnosing coronary artery disease, but due to the complex morphology of the coronary arteries, such as overlapping, winding and uneven contrast media filling, the existing segmentation methods often suffer from segmentation errors and vessel breakage. To this end, we proposed a multi-backbone cascade and morphology-aware segmentation network (MBCMA-Net), which improves the feature extraction ability of the network through multi-backbone encoders, and embeds a vascular morphology-aware module in the backbone network to enhance the capability of complex structure recognition, and finally introduces a centerline loss function to maintain the vascular connectivity. During the experiment, we selected 1942 clear angiograms from two public datasets (DCA1 and CADICA) and annotated them, and also used the public ARCADE dataset for testing.

Human single-cell atlas analysis reveals heterogeneous endothelial signaling.

Endothelial cells (ECs) play complex roles across tissues and vessel types. Yet, systematic investigations of EC heterogeneity in the combined context of vessel type and tissue microenvironment are still largely lacking. We integrated over three million single cells of scRNA-seq datasets in 15 human tissues and found that ECs in some tissues (e.

Three undescribed Schinortriterpenoids from Schisandra chinensis and their neuroprotective effects.

Three undescribed SNTs, schisaterpene SU (1-3), were isolated from the extract of Schisandra chinensis. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of HR-ESI-MS, NMR data and ECD calculation. All compounds were evaluated for their Neuroprotective activity induced by MPP in SH-SY5Y cells.

MYH2-associated myopathy caused by novel compound heterozygous mutations: a case report and literature review.

MYH2-associated myopathy is a group of congenital heterogeneous diseases. Case reports with MYH2-associated myopathy due to compound heterozygous mutations are rare. We report a 63-year-old Asian female who presented with bilateral ptosis and limb weakness for over 10 years.

Utilization of magnetic resonance imaging in the treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction and intramyocardial hemorrhage.

Background: We assessed the diagnostic efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods: In this study, 116 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) underwent direct PCI intervention, admitted to our hospital between January 2018 and January 2021 were selected. Based on the presence of intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH), they were divided into the IMH group and the non-IMH group.

Gap-free comparative genomics uncover virulence factors for Fusarium wilt of watermelons.

Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) is a globally important fruit crop, yet it is susceptible to devastating diseases such as vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.

Trans-2-pentenal suppresses potato common scab via dual inhibition of thiamine and energy metabolism in Streptomyces scabies.

Background: Potato common scab, a devastating soil-borne disease caused by Streptomyces scabies and other pathogenic Streptomyces species. Resistant cultivar Longshu 27 and susceptible Longshu 20 were used. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with direct antibacterial activity in potato tubers were identified and screened through HS-SPME-GC-MS and in vitro antibacterial assays.

The contributions of aquaporin-4 to water exchange across the blood-brain barrier measured by filter-exchange imaging.

Purpose: Water exchange across the blood-brain barrier (WEX) is a promising biomarker for assessing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. However, the physiological mechanisms governing WEX remain unclear. This study was conducted to investigate the contribution of Na/K-ATPase (NKA) on the luminal side of endothelial cells and aquaporin-4 (AQP4) to WEX.

Curative Therapies for Hemophilias and Hemoglobinopathies in Adults: Immune, Gene, and Stem Cell Approaches in a Global Context.

Hemophilias and hemoglobinopathies-including hemophilias A and B, sickle cell disease (SCD), and β-thalassemia-are debilitating genetic disorders associated with significant global health burdens. While traditional management has centered on factor replacement and transfusions, these approaches remain palliative, with limited access and durability in many regions. Recent advances in immune-based therapeutics (e.

The disease burden of ILD at the global, regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2021, and projections until 2035: the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study.

Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is an important component of the global disease burden and health challenges. This study aims to describe and analyze the global and regional disease burden of ILD, and predict future epidemiological trends.

Methods: The data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease, Injury and Risk Factors (GBD) were used to conduct a secondary analysis on the incidence rate, mortality and disability adjusted life year (DALY) of ILD in 21 regions and 204 countries and regions from 1990 to 2021, stratified by time, space, gender, age and social demographic index (SDI).

Sentiment analysis with echo state network and augmented water cycle algorithm.

Sentiment analysis using machine learning has become increasingly popular and has received considerable attention in recent years. The sentiment analysis is a critical and challenging task, which require networks with high accuracy. This study utilized the IMDb movie reviews dataset, which comprises 50,000 English reviews (25,000 designated for training and 25,000 for testing) with an equal distribution of positive and negative classes.

Enantioselective Radical-Radical Cross-Couplings of β-Hydroxy Amides and -Hydroxyphthalimide Esters via Ni/Photoredox Catalysis.

Enantioselective alkyl-alkyl cross-coupling is a powerful yet challenging strategy for constructing three-dimensional molecular architectures, which are essential in fields such as organic chemistry and pharmaceutical chemistry. While radical-radical cross-coupling offers a promising approach, achieving control over both cross- and enantioselectivity between two distinct alkyl radicals remains a formidable challenge due to their transient nature. In this article, we introduce a practical platform that combines photoredox and chiral nickel catalysis to tame transient primary and secondary alkyl radicals under mild conditions.

Revealing lactylation-mediated mechanisms and hub genes in heart failure pathogenesis.

Purpose: This study explores lactylation's pivotal role in the disease progression of heart failure (HF).

Methods: The GSE57345 dataset, encompassing 177 HF samples and 136 normal controls (CTL), was sourced from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Differentially expressed genes between HF and CTL groups underwent enrichment analysis using Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways.

A Novel Sensitive Recombinase-Aided Amplification Integrated Test Strip for in Milk via Dual Gene Probes.

is the main spoilage bacterium in milk, and its proliferation is one of the factors leading to the deterioration of the quality of raw milk. In this study, a rapid detection system for was developed based on recombinase-aided amplification combined with a test strip (RAA-TS), which contained a double test line (DTL) targeting the virulence gene of and the housekeeping gene of . Visual observation could detect (50 CFU/mL) and (250 CFU/mL) within 90 min, including sample pretreatment and RAA reaction and detection steps.

Risk factors and prevention strategies for complications following thyroid radiofrequency ablation: A review.

Thyroid radiofrequency ablation is a minimally invasive procedure increasingly employed in the management of thyroid nodules. Despite its advantages, postoperative complications remain a concern. This article aims to compile a comprehensive review of the risk factors associated with these complications, and strategies to mitigate them.

Predicting children and adolescents at high risk of poor health‑related quality of life using machine learning methods.

Background: Existing research has identified health‑related quality of life (HRQoL) is influenced by a multitude of factors among children and adolescents. However, there has been relatively limited exploration of the multidimensional predictive factors (individual characteristics, health risk behaviors, and negative life events) that contribute to HRQoL. This study aimed to develop a nomogram to predict the HRQoL in children and adolescents.

Dietary supplementation with dihydroartemisinin improves the slaughter performance, serum biochemistry, and intestinal health of broiler chickens.

The medicinal herb Artemisia annua L. has traditionally been used to promote human and animal health. One of the most important bioactive metabolites is dihydroartemisinin; however, its impact on intestinal health in broilers has not been sufficiently researched.

Spatially-confined bubble plasma oxidation induced by microchannel discharge to boost energy efficiency in water treatment.

Water pollutants, in particular emerging contaminants, pose severe risks to aquatic ecosystems and public health due to their high persistence and bioaccumulation potential. While advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) offer sustainable solutions for pollutant degradation, plasma-based AOPs often suffer from low energy efficiency and slow mass transfer of active species. Here we report a spatially-confined plasma AOP, generated in situ by electrical discharge within microchannel during bubble formation.

Long-Read Sequencing Reveals Tumor-Specific Splicing Isoforms as Therapeutic Targets In NSCLC.

Despite extensive transcriptomic alterations observed in tumors, the global landscape of isoform-level alternative splicing in cancer remains largely unexplored. Leveraging long-read sequencing, we successfully identified and characterized full-length isoforms, along with tumor-specific splicing events in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Our analysis identified 38,058 previously unannotated isoforms, which were subsequently validated using orthogonal multi-omics datasets to confirm their transcriptional and translational activities.