Three undescribed Schinortriterpenoids from Schisandra chinensis and their neuroprotective effects.

Three undescribed SNTs, schisaterpene SU (1-3), were isolated from the extract of Schisandra chinensis. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of HR-ESI-MS, NMR data and ECD calculation. All compounds were evaluated for their Neuroprotective activity induced by MPP in SH-SY5Y cells.

Underlying mechanisms of pollutant removal enhancement through the formation of low levels of granular sludge in an innovative continuous-flow reactor.

In situ cultivation and long-term stabilization of continuous-flow aerobic granular sludge (AGS) pose significant challenges for the sustainable advancement of wastewater technology. Herein, we demonstrated the successful 330-day operation of a novel continuous-flow self-circulating AcOA-Zier reactor. Aeration-driven liquid recirculation achieved recirculation-to-influent (R/I) ratios of 26-70, optimizing dissolved oxygen gradients and enabling exceptional contaminant removal of 96 % for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 95 % for total inorganic nitrogen (TIN).

Discovery of undescribed schinortriterpenoids from Schisandra chinensis by molecular networking and their neuroprotective effects.

The dried, ripe fruit of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill has significant nutritional as well as medicinal value and has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries. Schinortriterpenoids (SNTs) are a distinct class of highly oxygenated and rearranged terpenoids exclusively derived from plants belonging to the Schisandraceae family.

Resistance exercise and its impact on allergic rhinitis.

Objective: To investigate the effects of resistance exercise on nasal and eye symptoms, quality of life, and levels of inflammatory markers in patients with allergic rhinitis.

Study Design: A prospective randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Conducted at a single tertiary care center.

Inhibition of the microglial voltage-gated proton channel 1 channel ameliorates diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction by regulating axon demyelination.

Background: Diabetes is associated with increased cognitive decline and dementia due to the loss of myelinated nerve fiber function, which is linked to oligodendrocyte dysfunction. The voltage-gated proton channel 1 (Hv1) is important for the cellular proton extrusion machinery. However, its role in regulating diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction is unclear.

Lithium attenuates ketamine-induced long-term neurotoxicity through DISC1-mediated GSK-3β/β-catenin and ERK/CREB pathways.

Ketamine, an antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, is extensively employed in pediatric anesthesia. Multiple studies have shown that repeated ketamine exposure induces neuroapoptosis, synaptic changes and cognitive deficits during neurodevelopment. Therefore, it is essential to elucidate the mechanisms of ketamine-induced neurotoxicity and develop therapies to mitigate its harmful effects.

Dexmedetomidine Alleviates the Long-Term Neurodevelopmental Toxicity Induced by Sevoflurane in the Developing Brain.

Introduction: Sevoflurane is an extensively used anesthetic for pediatric patients; however, numerous studies showed that sevoflurane (SEVO) may cause long-term neurodevelopmental toxicity. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has been shown to be protective against SEVO-induced neurotoxicity, but the mechanism remains unclear. The effects and mechanisms of different DEX administration routes on SEVO-induced neurotoxicity and long-term cognitive defects were determined and further investigated the role of sex in these processes.

Continuous self-circulating up-flow granular sludge fluidized bed process treating low-strength real municipal wastewater at high hydraulic loads.

Conditions conducive to aerobic granular sludge (AGS) growth and maintenance are very difficult to realize in continuous-flow biological treatment processes. This study conducted a continuous-flow self-circulating up-flow granular sludge fluidized bed (Zier process) treating real urban wastewater approximately one year. The substantial self-circulating multiple times (R, 8-15 times) and up-flow velocity (8-15 m/h) generated by aeration, the only power equipment in Zier process, facilitated pollutant removal, particle granulation and stabilization.

Novel separate aeration self-circulating technology for continuous aerobic granular sludge process: Performance evaluation, hydrodynamic simulation and control strategy.

The continuous aerobic granular sludge (AGS) process is promising for upgrading existing wastewater treatment facilities. However, this approach is still challenging because of its complicated structure and operation. To address this issue, a novel separate aeration self-circulating technology (abbreviated as Zier) was proposed, which is promising for cultivating AGS by its outstanding upflow velocity and circulation multiplier (more than 30 m/h and 200, respectively).

Treatment of low-C/N nitrate wastewater using a partial denitrification-anammox granule system: Granule reconstruction, stability, and microbial structure analyses.

Industrial wastewater discharged into sewer systems is often characterized by high nitrate contents and low C/N ratios, resulting in high treatment costs when using conventional activated sludge methods. This study introduces a partial denitrification-anammox (PD/A) granular process to address this challenge. The PD/A granular process achieved an effluent TN level of 3.

Innovation for continuous aerobic granular sludge process in actual municipal sewage treatment: Self-circulating up-flow fluidized bed process.

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) capable of nitrogen and phosphorus removal is mainly limited to the applications in sequencing batch reactors. This study introduced an innovative continuous self-circulating up-flow fluidized bed process (Zier process) using separate aeration. The process was composed of an anoxic column (Zier-A), aeration column (Zier-OO) and aerobic column (Zier-O), and was used to treat actual municipal sewage continuously for 170 days.

Proprioceptive Acuity Assessment in Multiple Directions Across Multiple Joints in the Upper Limb.

Proprioception is essential for precise movement as it helps the body transmit important data about its surroundings to the central nervous system for maintaining body posture and position. This study aimed to investigate the effect of direction and joint angle on upper limb proprioception. Thirty individuals (all males) completed a position reproduction activity in 13 directions and three joint angles.

Network pharmacology, molecular docking and experimental verification help unravel chelerythrine's potential mechanism in the treatment of gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a deadly malignant tumor with a high fatality rate and limited curative options. A growing body of research suggests that network pharmacology can replace traditional methods for determining the precise mechanism of action of medicinal substances in conditions such as cancer. The goal of this study was to clarify the biological mechanism of chelerythrine (CHE) and develop a prediction target for CHE against GC using network pharmacology.

Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang inhibits Notch1 signaling and subsequent NLRP3 activation to alleviate cartilage degradation in KOA mice.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) has a complex pathological mechanism and is difficult to cure. The traditional medicine Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang (DHJST) has been used for the treatment of KOA for more than one thousand years, but its mechanism for treating KOA has not been revealed. In our previous study, we confirmed that DHJST inhibited the activation of NLRP3 signaling in rats and humans.

One-stage partial nitrification/anammox system with short sludge retention time and low mixed liquor suspended solids long-term control: Establishment, performance and sludge characteristics.

Anammox is a green, economical and efficient nitrogen removal process. Most successful anammox studies are based on biofilm- or granule-based systems, but pure floc sludge partial nitrification (PN) and anammox (A) systems that are not inoculated with anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) are rarely reported. If the anammox process occurs in floc-based systems, the large specific surface areas provide more efficient nitrogen removal, and are much more economical in terms of construction and investment.

[A new dihydrostilbene from aerial part of Cannabis sativa].

The present study investigated the chemical constituents in the aerial part of Cannabis sativa. The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and HPLC and identified according to their spectral data and physicochemical properties. Thirteen compounds were isolated from the acetic ether extract of C.

Enhanced refractory organics removal by OH and O generated in an electro-oxidation system with cathodic Fenton-like reaction.

Recently, carbon nanotubes coated carbon black and polytetrafluoroethylene (CNTs-C/PTFE) gas diffusion electrode was used as an air-cathode in an electro-oxidation (EO) system for effectively generating hydrogen peroxide (HO) through a 2-electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). This ORR-EO system not only lowered applied voltage and conserved energy, but the synergistic peroxone (O/HO) reaction could increase hydroxyl radicals (OH) generation for organics elimination. However, a significant proportion of HO was left in the effluent of ORR-EO, which was a loss of resources and energy.

Increased Ingestion of Hydroxy-Methionine by Both Sows and Piglets Improves the Ability of the Progeny to Counteract LPS-Induced Hepatic and Splenic Injury with Potential Regulation of TLR4 and NOD Signaling.

Methionine, as an essential amino acid, play roles in antioxidant defense and the regulation of immune responses. This study was designed to determine the effects and mechanisms of increased consumption of methionine by sows and piglets on the capacity of the progeny to counteract lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge-induced injury in the liver and spleen of piglets. Primiparous sows ( = 10/diet) and their progeny were fed a diet that was adequate in sulfur amino acids (CON) or CON + 25% total sulfur amino acids as methionine from gestation day 85 to postnatal day 35.

Degradation of triclosan by anodic oxidation/in-situ peroxone process: Kinetics, pathway and reaction mechanism.

Triclosan (TCS) is an emerging contaminant that threatens the environment and human health. This study was conducted to investigate TCS abatement by a novel electro-oxidation (EO) process, which used a Ti-based nickel and antimony doped tin oxide (NATO/Ti) anode and a carbon nanotubes (CNTs) doped carbon/PTFE (CNTs-C/PTFE) gas diffusion electrode (GDE) for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). A comparative study was also performed for TCS degradation by using a traditional EO with a nickel foam cathode, termed as HER-EO.

Machine Learning Based on a Multiparametric and Multiregional Radiomics Signature Predicts Radiotherapeutic Response in Patients with Glioblastoma.

Methods: The MRI images, genetic data, and clinical data of 152 patients with GBM were analyzed. 122 patients from the TCIA dataset (training set: = 82; validation set: = 40) and 30 patients from local hospitals were used as an independent test dataset. Radiomics features were extracted from multiple regions of multiparameter MRI.

The mechanism of resistance-reducing/anti-adhesion and its application on biomimetic disc furrow opener.

The black soil of Northeast China is sticky and agglomerates easily, which often adheres to the surface of a traditional furrow opener during the furrowing process. In this paper, biomimetic design principles in resistance-reducing, anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing mechanism of biomimetic disc furrow opener were studied. Nine kinds of singular convex hull, nine kinds of singular wedge and nine kinds of mixed convex hull and wedge structural biomimetic disc furrow opener were designed, and the furrowing process with the soil simulated by finite element method (FEM).

[Effect of Free Hydroxylamine on the Activity of Two Typical Nitrite-oxidizing Bacteria].

The sludge from enrichment of and was used as a research object and batch tests were performed. The inhibitory effects of hydroxylamine on and under the same pH and different hydroxylamine concentration gradients, the same hydroxylamine concentration, and different pH gradients were investigated. The results showed that under the same pH condition, the activity of decreased with increasing hydroxylamine concentration.

Emergence and spread patterns of antibiotic resistance genes during two different aerobic granular sludge cultivation processes.

The prevalence and accumulation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were frequently detected in biological wastewater treatment processes, which might cause potential health crisis to human. In present study, the fates of ARGs during two different aerobic granular sludge (AGS) cultivation processes were investigated. The results showed that traditional AGS (T-AGS) cultivation process and enhanced AGS (E-AGS) cultivation process had significant differences (P < 0.