Gap-free comparative genomics uncover virulence factors for Fusarium wilt of watermelons.

Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) is a globally important fruit crop, yet it is susceptible to devastating diseases such as vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.

Ratiometric absorbance and fluorescence dual model immunoassay to detect ochratoxin a based on ZIF-8@uranine and p-nitrophenol.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) as a mycotoxin has strong carcinogenicity and can affect human health. Thus, it is necessary to establish an accurate method to detect OTA. Herein, a ratiometric absorbance and fluorescence dual model immunoassay based on ZIF-8@uranine (ZIF-8@UR) and p-nitrophenol (PNP) was developed.

Effect of Dynamin-2 Gene Modified OECs on Functional and Molecular Neuroprotection After Spinal Cord Injury in Rats.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) imposes a significant economic burden on individuals and society, with limited options for repairing the central nervous system after injury. Cell transplantation therapy, particularly using olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), has shown promise. However, the neuroprotective mechanisms underlying genetically modified OECs remain unclear.

Mechanisms of Senegenin in Regulating Oxidative Stress and Mitochondria Damage for Neuroprotection in Insomnia: Evidence from In Vivo and In Vitro Models.

Insomnia is a common sleep disorder worldwide, and oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage are closely related to insomnia. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which senegenin exerts neuroprotective effects in regulating oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in insomnia. In vivo, EEG/EMG analysis confirmed the successful establishment of insomnia rat models; Nissl and HE staining and electron microscopy were used to evaluate the pathological changes of neurons and mitochondria in rat brain tissue.

Fluorescence and colorimetric dual-mode detection of tetracycline antibiotics based on Eu and the peroxidase mimetic activity of a FeO@MoS nanocomposite.

 A sensitive fluorescence and colorimetric dual-mode detection method based on Eu and FeO@MoS nanocomposites was constructed. In this technique, tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) chelated with Eu to form a Eu-TCs complex which emits red fluorescence at 620 nm through the antenna effect. At the same time, Eu-TCs complex enhances the peroxidase-like activity of FeO@MoS to catalyze the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) that can produce a colorimetric signal.

Reduced heart rate response to exercise in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Recent studies have found that heart rate response is impaired in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, it remains unclear how chronotropic competence changes in these patients and which chronotropic index is more closely related to type 2 diabetes. This study aims to investigate the changes in chronotropic competence in type 2 diabetes and compares the association of two different chronotropic indices with type 2 diabetes.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Belief of Healthcare Professionals Toward Obesity Stigmatization.

Objective: Obesity stigmatization, defined as the social devaluation and denigration of individuals because of their excess weight, represents a significant barrier to effective healthcare delivery. This study aimed to investigate healthcare professionals' knowledge about obesity-related health impacts, attitudes regarding weight bias (negative or discriminatory attitudes toward individuals with obesity), and beliefs about the causes and nature of obesity.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare professionals between Jan, 2024 and Feb, 2024 in The Department of General Medicine, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, using a self-designed questionnaire.

Triple-readout immunoassay based on copper ion trigger for the detection of ochratoxin A.

Background: Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a widespread mycotoxin with nephrotoxic, neurotoxic and immunotoxic properties. It exhibits elevated thermal stability and a prolonged half-life and is resistant to removal. Long-term exposure to OTA increases the risk of carcinogenesis and influences human health.

Evaluation of EGFR-TKIs and ICIs treatment stratification in non-small cell lung cancer using an encrypted multidimensional radiomics approach.

Background: Radiomics holds great potential for the noninvasive evaluation of EGFR-TKIs and ICIs responses, but data privacy and model robustness challenges limit its current efficacy and safety. This study aims to develop and validate an encrypted multidimensional radiomics approach to enhance the stratification and analysis of therapeutic responses.

Materials And Methods: This multicenter study incorporated various data types from 506 NSCLC patients, which underwent preprocessing through anonymization methods and were securely encrypted using the AES-CBC algorithm.

Two new sesquiterpenol caffeates from Bauhinia brychycarpa Wall. ex Benth. and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

Two new sesquiterpenol caffeates, bausesquitate A (1) and bausesquitate B (2), were isolated from the stems and leaves of Bauhinia brychycarpa. Structures of two compounds were confirmed by UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR, ECD spectra and DP4+ probability analysis. In vitro, compounds 1 and 2 showed better inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase than acarbose (IC = 280.

A delphi-based model for prognosis of femoral head collapse in osteonecrosis: a multi-factorial approach.

Background: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a progressive and debilitating condition characterized by the death of bone tissue due to inadequate blood supply. Despite advances in diagnostic imaging and treatment strategies, predicting the risk of femoral head collapse remains a significant clinical challenge. This study seeks to address this gap by developing a robust prognostic model that integrates clinical, imaging, and laboratory data to improve early diagnosis and guide therapeutic decision-making.

Ratiometric absorbance and fluorescence dual model immunoassay for detecting ochratoxin a based on porphyrin metalation.

In this work, a porphyrin metalation-based ratiometric absorbance and fluorescence dual model immunoassay was proposed to detect ochratoxin A (OTA). 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridinio) porphyrin (TMPyP) was pink and had a strong fluorescence, upon coordination with Hg(II), its fluorescence was quenched and the color became green. The alkaline phosphatase can catalyze the dephosphorylation of ascorbic acid 2-phosphate to produce ascorbic acid, which can reduce the coordinated Hg(II) to Hg(0) and then dissociated from TMPyP, its fluorescence was recovered.

Senegenin regulates the mechanism of insomnia through the Keap1/Nrf2/PINK1/Parkin pathway mediated by GAD67.

GAD67 impacts insomnia as a key enzyme catalysing the conversion of glutamate (Glu) to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Senegenin enhances neuroprotection and is used widely to treat insomnia and other neurological diseases. This study aimed to investigate how senegenin regulates insomnia through a GAD67-mediated signalling pathway.

Global trends in COVID-19 incidence and case fatality rates (2019-2023): a retrospective analysis.

Objectives: Analyzing and comparing COVID-19 infection and case-fatality rates across different regions can help improve our response to future pandemics.

Methods: We used public data from the WHO to calculate and compare the COVID-19 infection and case-fatality rates in different continents and income levels from 2019 to 2023.

Results: The Global prevalence of COVID-19 increased from 0.

Two telomere-to-telomere gapless genomes reveal insights into Capsicum evolution and capsaicinoid biosynthesis.

Chili pepper (Capsicum) is known for its unique fruit pungency due to the presence of capsaicinoids. The evolutionary history of capsaicinoid biosynthesis and the mechanism of their tissue specificity remain obscure due to the lack of high-quality Capsicum genomes. Here, we report two telomere-to-telomere (T2T) gap-free genomes of C.

Repressing miR-23a promotes the transdifferentiation of pancreatic α cells to β cells via negatively regulating the expression of SDF-1α.

Pancreatic β-cell failure is a pathological feature in type 1 diabetes. One promising approach involves inducing transdifferentiation of related pancreatic cell types, specifically α cells that produce glucagon. The chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α) is implicated in pancreatic α-to-β like cell transition.

Fine mapping of ClLOX, a QTL for powdery mildew resistance in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.).

ClLOX, is located on chromosome 2 and encodes a lipoxygenase gene, which induced watermelon powdery mildew resistance by inhibiting pathogen spread. Powdery mildew is one of the most severe fungal diseases reducing yield and quality of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) and other cucurbit crops.

Exploring non-invasive precision treatment in non-small cell lung cancer patients through deep learning radiomics across imaging features and molecular phenotypes.

Background: Accurate prediction of tumor molecular alterations is vital for optimizing cancer treatment. Traditional tissue-based approaches encounter limitations due to invasiveness, heterogeneity, and molecular dynamic changes. We aim to develop and validate a deep learning radiomics framework to obtain imaging features that reflect various molecular changes, aiding first-line treatment decisions for cancer patients.

Non-invasive decision support for clinical treatment of non-small cell lung cancer using a multiscale radiomics approach.

Background: Selecting therapeutic strategies for cancer patients is typically based on key target-molecule biomarkers that play an important role in cancer onset, progression, and prognosis. Thus, there is a pressing need for novel biomarkers that can be utilized longitudinally to guide treatment selection.

Methods: Using data from 508 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients across three institutions, we developed and validated a comprehensive predictive biomarker that distinguishes six genotypes and infiltrative immune phenotypes.

Atypical cutaneous presentation of AOSD with persistent itchy urticaria: A case report.

Rationale: Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare multisystem disorder considered a complex autoinflammatory syndrome. The clinical and biological features of AOSD typically include a high fever with arthritic symptoms, evanescent skin rash, sore throat, striking neutrophilic leukocytosis, hyperferritinemia, and abnormal liver function. The typical rash and fever are important diagnostic clues for AOSD.

Cobalt(II)-Catalyzed Enantioselective Propargyl Claisen Rearrangement: Access to Allenyl-Substituted Quaternary β-Ketoesters.

Highly enantioselective propargyl Claisen rearrangement of -propargyl β-ketoesters was achieved under 2.5 mol % of the chiral cobalt complex as the catalyst under mild reaction conditions. With Co(OTf) as the Lewis acid and -symmetric imidazoline-pyrroloimidazolone pyridine as the ligand, diverse chiral allenyl-substituted all-carbon quaternary β-ketoesters were obtained in good yields (up to 97% yield) and high enantioselectivities (up to 98% ee).