Potential risks of histone deacetylase inhibitors in cancer therapeutics and feasible combination therapeutic strategies.

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis), such as trichostatin A (TSA), have been recognized as promising anti-cancer agents due to their capacity to restore epigenetic regulation and reactivate tumor suppressor genes. However, emerging evidence indicates that unintended pro-metastatic effects may offset the therapeutic benefits of HDACis. Chen elucidate this paradox, demonstrating that TSA-induced hyperacetylation activates the BRD4/c-Myc/ER-stress axis, thereby promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Recent update on the development of EZH2 inhibitors and degraders for cancer therapy.

Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), the catalytic subunit of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), plays a pivotal role in epigenetic regulation by catalyzing the trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3), leading to transcriptional repression of target genes. Dysregulation of EZH2 has been implicated in various cancers, including lymphomas, prostate, and breast cancers, by promoting oncogenic transformation and tumor progression. Targeting EZH2 has been regarded as a promising strategy for cancer therapy.

Effect of time-weighted average 25(OH)D on the occurrence of major adverse kidney events in IgA nephropathy-from a 10-year population-based cohort study.

Background: Vitamin D (VD) deficiency has been found to be common and associated with a higher risk of adverse outcomes in chronic kidney disease (CKD), according to certain studies. However, whether it is associated with the progression of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and the efficacy of supplementation remains a topic of debate.

Methods: A total of 866 patients with IgAN were included.

Role of dynamic contrast-enhanced and dynamic susceptibility contrast imaging in evaluating the biological features of glioma.

Background: Given the limitations of conventional imaging in accurately grading gliomas, predicting molecular subtypes, and assessing tumor proliferation and angiogenesis, there is a growing need for advanced quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of histogram features of dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) and dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) imaging in predicting glioma grade and genotyping, as well as to explore the association between DCE and DSC with Ki-67 and microvascular density (MVD).

Methods: Forty-six patients with gliomas were enrolled prospectively.

[Gene expression characteristics of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the sperm of asthenospermia patients].

Objective: To determine the differential expressions of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) in normal and asthenospermia (AS) men and analyze their biological significance in AS.

Methods: We isolated and extracted total RNAs from 9 normal and 9 AS sperm samples, determined the expressions of RNAs in the sperm using the DNBSEQ sequencing platform, and analyzed their relevant functions by gene ontology enrichment (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway (KEGG) analyses.

Results: An average of 10.

Integrating AI into OLED material design: a comprehensive review of computational frameworks, challenges, and opportunities.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is profoundly reshaping the discovery and design of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) materials, shifting conventional intuition-driven development into an integrated, data-driven paradigm. The increasing demand for high-performance OLED emitters with ultra-narrow emission spectrum and enhanced operational stability has highlighted the urgent need for a dedicated, multi-scale computational framework tailored to OLED-specific challenges. This review proposes a systematic AI-driven framework that combines quantum chemistry calculations, property prediction models, and generative algorithms to enable high-throughput screening and inverse design workflows for organic luminescent materials.

Influence of Oxygen Vacancy Distribution on CO Hydrogenation: A Case Study of ZnO and InO.

Oxygen vacancies (OVs) on metal oxide surfaces are widely recognized as catalytically active sites; however, the impact of their distribution on the catalytic performance remains underexplored. In this study, we used density functional theory (DFT) calculations combined with a machine learning potential to investigate the distribution of OVs on the ZnO-(10 0) surface and their role in CO hydrogenation. We efficiently analyzed over 700,000 potential OV configurations by reducing them to unique, irreducible structures using the self-developed DefectMaker program.

The Mechanistic Investigation of Polycarbonate:Polystyrene and Poly(vinylidene fluoride):Polystyrene Micro-Nano Structures in Optimization Light Field Distribution and Viewing Angle Ratio of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes.

In this study, we utilize the phase separation phenomenon between polycarbonate (PC), poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), and polystyrene (PS) to fabricate two types of micro-nano structures, PC:PS, and PVDF:PS. We investigate the optimization mechanisms of two micro-nano structures in green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) by using electroluminescence (EL), normalized viewing angle ratio tests, and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations. The results confirm that improvements in both the viewing angle ratio and light extraction efficiency are due to the optimized internal light field distribution.

Medicinal chemistry approaches to the discovery and development of p300/CBP inhibitors for cancer therapy.

p300 and CBP (CREB-binding protein) are homologous histone acetyltransferases (HATs) that function as transcriptional co-activators, playing pivotal roles in regulating gene expression through acetylation of histones and transcription factors. Their dysregulation has been implicated in various cancers, making them attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. Significant advancements have been made in the discovery and development of small-molecule inhibitors targeting p300/CBP.

Post-Translational Modification of p62: Roles and Regulations in Autophagy.

Autophagy is a highly conserved cellular process that plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by degrading damaged organelles, misfolded proteins, and other cellular components. p62/SQSTM1 functions as a selective autophagy receptor by binding polyubiquitinated cargo through its UBA domain and linking it to microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3)-decorated autophagosomes. Moreover, p62 acts as a signaling hub and is essential in response to various stressors, including nutrient deprivation and oxidative stress.

Post-translational modifications of cancer immune checkpoints: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.

Immunotherapies, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), have revolutionized cancer clinical management, but low response rates and treatment resistance remain challenging. Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) are critical for governing protein expression, localization, functions, and interactions with other cellular molecules, which notably build up the diversity and complexity of the proteome. A growing body of evidence supports that PTMs influence immunotherapy efficacy and outcomes by post-translationally modulating the expression and functions of immune checkpoints.

Comparison of postoperative analgesic effects of ultrasound-guided intercostal nerve block and transversus abdominis plane block in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: randomized clinical trial.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the postoperative analgesic effects of ultrasound-guided intercostal nerve block and transversus abdominis plane block in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Methods: Patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for chronic cholecystitis with gallstones were randomly allocated to ultrasound-guided T7-11 intercostal nerve block or subcostal transversus abdominis plane block (both with 40 ml 0.3% ropivacaine).

Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen (LANA) Promotes Ferroptosis by Suppressing Nrf2/GPX4 and Upregulating MDM2.

Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death driven by lipid peroxidation, is regulated by key mediators including glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) encodes latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA), a multifunctional protein critical for viral persistence. Although studies reported that KSHV infection enhanced cellular resistance to ferroptosis, the specific role of LANA in this process remains unexplored.

Acceleration of Calvarial Bone Regeneration by Stem Cell Recruitment with a Multifunctional Hydrogel.

Hydrogels have garnered increasing attention for critical-size bone regeneration. However, the limited functionality and tedious preparation procedure of current hydrogel often fall short of meeting clinical requirements. In this study, a simple and effective strategy for preparing a multifunctional physically crosslinked hydrogel (CHMgel) for bone regeneration, which integrates a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) framework with Mg and hydroxyapatite (HAP), is presented.

[Clinical features and genetic analysis of a child with Christianson syndrome due to variant of SLC9A6 gene].

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and genetic etiology of a child with Christianson syndrome (CS).

Methods: A 1-year-and-5-month-old boy with CS diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in April 2021 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.

Dual-interface combination of bowknot-like LaSe/FeSe/C heterostructure with abundant active sites for high-efficiency electrochemical detection of carbamate pesticides.

Electrochemical biosensing has great potential as sensitive assays to monitor carbamate pesticides for safeguarding human health and preserving the ecosystem. However, the rational design of electrode materials with high electrochemical activity and stability remains a tough challenge. The interfacial electric field (IEF) in heterojunction can facilitate efficient electron transfer kinetics, thereby heightening the sensitivity of biosensing devices.

Anti-neurodegenerative treatment in Alzheimer's disease: Multifaceted mechanisms of action of berberine.

Background: Berberine, a traditional Chinese medicine, has demonstrated significant therapeutic influences in treating diabetes, obesity, and diarrhea, among other conditions. It has exhibited potential therapeutic benefits for various neurodegenerative diseases, namely, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Huntington's disease (HD), and Parkinson's disease (PD).

Aims: This study aims to elucidate the mechanism behind berberine pharmacological action in treating AD.

Two new species of (Tubeufiaceae, Tubeufiales) from freshwater and terrestrial habitats in China.

species are a group of helicosporous hyphomycetes with the potential to produce novel bioactive natural compounds. During our investigation on helicosporous hyphomycetes, six isolates were collected from freshwater and terrestrial habitats in the tropical and subtropical regions of southern China. Based on multi-gene phylogenetic analyses (LSU-ITS-1-α-2) and morphological comparisons of taxa, two new species ( and ) are introduced.

Insights to enhanced coagulation based on the control of metal forms for treating acid mine drainage: Performance and mechanisms.

This study presents an enhanced oxidation-chelation-coagulation process for efficient acid mine drainage (AMD) treatment, addressing the limitations of conventional methods in terms of efficiency, cost, and environmental risks. Through systematic optimization, it was demonstrated that combined NaClO/KMnO₄ oxidation (3:1 molar ratio) at pH 8 effectively transformed Fe/Mn ions into insoluble Fe/Mn (hydr)oxides, while 0.40 g/L carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) enabled effective chelation and removal of Pb/Ni.

[Clinical phenotypic and genetic analysis of three children with Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia and Self-limited familial infantile epilepsy caused by PRRT2 gene mutation].

Objective: To investigate the clinical phenotypic and genetic characteristics of three children with Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) and Self-limited familial infantile epilepsy (SeLIE) caused by PRRT2 gene mutation.

Methods: Three children with PKD and SeLIE caused by PRRT2 gene mutation (children 1-3) who were treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from November 2022 to August 2023 were selected as the research subjects. A retrospective study was conducted to collect the clinical and family history data of the three children.

Dipyridamole Acts as Clinical Ferroptosis Inhibitor to Prevent from Tissue Injury.

Ferroptosis is a newly identified cell death triggered by iron-induced lipid peroxidation. Numerous studies reveal that ferroptosis participates in multiple types of tissue injury including ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and doxorubicin (Dox)-induced damage. Targeting ferroptosis is a promising approach for disease treatment as the blockade of ferroptosis efficiently alleviates the symptoms.

Prognostic significance of circulating tumor DNA in urothelial carcinoma patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a novel biomarker with the advantages of being non-invasive and enabling dynamic monitoring, providing significant clinical insights into the prognosis and management of malignancies. However, its prognostic role in patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC) receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) remains controversial. This study aims to systematically review and perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic significance of ctDNA levels in this specific patient population.

Quality control strategy for postharvest fragrant pears: pathogenesis of brown rot caused by Monilinia fructicola and protective mechanism of carvacrol.

Background: Brown rot, triggered by Monilinia fructicola, causes substantial postharvest losses. However, the widespread application of chemical fungicides has triggered the development of resistance in pathogenic fungi and the accumulation of hazardous residues. Plant-derived fungicides offer an eco-friendly alternative to chemical fungicides owing to their low toxicity and broad-spectrum activity.

Imbalance of phosphoric acid homeostasis in alveolar macrophages mediates lung toxicity of rare earth oxide nanoparticles.

Recent advancements in the application of rare earth elements (REEs) and the rapidly expanding field of nanotechnology have raised growing concerns over the potential health impacts associated with rare earth oxide nanoparticles (REO NPs). Despite an increasing interest, a comprehensive understanding of the toxicity of REO NPs remains elusive. While some REO NPs, such as LaO and CeO, have been shown to induce pulmonary injury to different degree, the mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully clear.