Serum heat shock protein family A member 9 protein as a biomarker for bortezomib resistance and poor prognosis in patients with multiple myeloma.

Bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma (MM) is a significant clinical challenge that limits the long-term effectiveness. Currently, there is a lack of reliable biomarkers to predict bortezomib resistance. Previous studies reported that several proteins regulate bortezomib resistance through targeting ubiquitin-proteasome pathways, including heat shock protein family A member 9 (HSPA9), dickkopf Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor 1 (DKK1), proteasome 26S subunit non-ATPase 14 (PSMD14), and tripartite motif containing 21 (TRIM21).

Ultralow-Cost Lacunary Metal-Oxo Framework Enables Efficient and Stable Organic Solar Cells.

Organic solar cells (OSCs) with p-i-n architecture usually exhibit decent efficiency due to the easily tunable energy levels of organic interfacial layers (ILs). However, their operational lifetime is limited by the morphological instability of organic ILs especially the electron-transporting layer (ETL) that shows strong self-aggregation tendency. Besides, organic ETLs are confronted with significant challenges including large batch-to-batch variations and high costs.

Quantitative Super-Resolution Imaging of On-Origami DNA Conformation and Reactivity Under Electric Fields.

Self-assembled DNA nanostructures have been popularly used to develop DNA-based electrochemical sensors by exploiting the nanoscale positioning capability of DNA origami. However, the impact of the electric field on the structural stability of the DNA origami framework and the activity of carried DNA probes remains to be explored. Herein, we employ DNA origami as structural frameworks for reversible DNA hybridization, and develop a single-molecule fluorescence imaging method to quantify electric field effects on DNA conformation and hybridization properties at the single-molecule level.

Sappanone A, a potential natural inhibitor of PI3K, alleviates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis in experimental models.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) affects a large proportion of the global population and is widely regarded as the fastest growing cause of hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, approved therapeutic strategies for MASH are limited. Therefore, this study used the Connectivity Map (CMap) database to identify a candidate compound for MASH, evaluate its efficacy in experimental models, and explore its mechanism of action.

Noninvasive assessment of glymphatic system alterations as potential biomarkers for predicting overall survival in glioma.

Objective: In this retrospective study, authors aimed to evaluate the glymphatic function alterations associated with glioma and explore the prognostic value of these alterations by calculating the index for diffusivity along the perivascular space (ALPS index).

Methods: The authors utilized data from the publicly available University of California San Francisco Preoperative Diffuse Glioma MRI (UCSF-PDGM) dataset, which includes 501 adult patients with histopathologically confirmed diffuse glioma, per the 2021 WHO classification, who underwent preoperative MRI, initial tumor resection, and tumor genetic testing at a single medical center from 2015 to 2021.The ALPS index was calculated from diffusivity maps for noninvasive glymphatic system (GS) analysis.

SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid induces hyperinflammation and vascular leakage through the Toll-like receptor signaling axis in macrophages.

Tens of thousands of severe COVID-19 cases are hospitalized weekly in the U.S., often driven by an imbalance between antiviral responses and inflammatory signaling, leading to uncontrolled cytokine secretion.

Olfactory training improves cognition and modifies brain networks in type 2 diabetes patients with mild cognitive impairment: A 16-week randomised controlled trial.

Aims: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) related cognitive impairment links to comorbid and modifiable olfactory dysfunction; however, the efficacy of olfactory training (OT) to mitigate cognitive decline specifically in these patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains unestablished. This study aimed to determine whether OT alleviates cognitive decline in this population.

Materials And Methods: In this 16-week, open-label trial, 60 T2D participants with MCI were randomly assigned (1:1) to OT or routine care (control).

EBAMP: An efficient de novo broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide discovery framework.

De novo design of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is challenging due to the vast combinatorial space and unknown mechanisms. We propose EBAMP, a generative-discriminative framework for de novo broad-spectrum AMP design targeting bacteria and fungi. EBAMP combines a Transformer-based generative model with advanced feature-based screening to explore peptide space and select multiobjective candidates.

Abundant arid natural habitats reduced aphid biocontrol by parasitoids: a case study of Gobi habitats in a desert-oasis farming ecosystem.

Background: In arid and hyper-arid regions, natural habitats with limited water availability are characterized by sparce vegetation, low host density, and harsh climatic conditions. Whether these arid natural habitats can support natural enemies and facilitate biological control in local agroecosystems is largely unknown. In this study, we determined the effects of landscape composition (the coverage of native Gobi habitats, water bodies and the Shannon's landscape diversity index) on the abundance of mummified aphids and the aphid parasitism rate in local conventional cotton fields under the desert-oasis landscape settings in southern Xinjiang, China.

Healthcare Utilization and Cost in the Two Years Before Neuromodulation Implantation Among Medicaid Enrollees with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy.

Background: Current treatment guidelines recommend consideration of neurostimulators and other alternative treatments to antiseizure medications in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). This study assessed patterns of utilization and cost of healthcare services and prescription pharmacotherapies during the 2-year period before neurostimulator implantation among Medicaid enrollees with DRE.

Methods: This retrospective, observational cohort study used healthcare claims and enrollment data obtained from the US Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.

Power and sample size for reversible linear mixed models with clustering and longitudinality: GLIMMPSE Version 3.

GLIMMPSE Version 3 is a free, web-based, open-source software tool, which calculates power and sample size for general linear mixed models with Gaussian errors. The software permits power calculations for clinical trials, randomized experiments, and observational studies with clustering, repeated measures, and both, and almost any testable hypothesis. The software has been supported by five United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants, is used for more than 14,000 power or sample size calculations per year, has been cited in almost 500 peer-reviewed manuscripts, and used to design more than 200 million dollars in NIH-funded studies.

In vitro metabolic profiling and structure-metabolism relationships of substituted acetyl fentanyl-type new psychoactive substances.

The abuse of fentanyl-type new psychoactive substances (F-NPS), which exhibit the four defining characteristics of new psychoactive substances (third-generation drugs), poses a severe threat to social stability and public health. The derivatization strategy investigated in this study, involving six substituted acetyl F-NPS across two substitution patterns, represents the primary approach for generating a new F-NPS. Using an in vitro human liver microsome metabolic model coupled with liquid chromatography-ion trap tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry, we identified characteristic metabolism profiles of F-NPS corresponding to derivatization modifications while elucidating the structural effects on metabolism.

An E120R Gene-Deleted African Swine Fever Virus Is Fully Attenuated and Induces Partial Protective Immunity in Pigs.

African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a lethal hemorrhagic disease in domestic pigs and represents a major threat to the global swine industry. Until now, no effective commercial vaccines or antiviral drugs are available for ASF control. In this study, we constructed a recombinant E120R gene-deleted virus, ASFV-ΔE120R, based on the highly virulent genotype II strain SY18, to investigate the biological role of the E120R gene.

The Role of Emerging Digital Technologies in Revolutionizing Dental Education: A Bibliometric Analysis.

Background: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and other digital technologies in dental education has gained significant attention, revolutionizing teaching methodologies, clinical training, and student assessment. However, despite the growing body of literature, there is no comprehensive bibliometric analysis mapping influential studies, research trends, and emerging topics in this field. This study aims to analyze the structure, hotspots, and evolution of digital technology research in dental education through bibliometric methods.

Molecular Orbital Level Micro-Electric Field in Green Fenton-Like Chemistry for Water Treatment: From Mechanism Understanding to Scale-Up Applications.

Fenton-like systems utilizing micro-electric field-engineered catalysts have emerged as a promising technology for water remediation, demonstrating distinctive advantages via their efficient electron transport networks. This innovative approach not only significantly reduces oxidant consumption but also enables thorough mineralization of contaminants. However, current research faces critical challenges in fundamental mechanistic understanding, particularly regarding reactor scale-up strategies and biological synergy mechanisms, where a cohesive theoretical framework remains to be established.

Association between stress hyperglycemia and pneumonia in patients with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Pneumonia is a frequent complication post-stroke and stress hyperglycemia (SH) is a physiological response to stroke. Although some studies have provided data on the impact of stress hyperglycemia on pneumonia incidence, no study to date has exclusively focused on investigating the direct relationship between stress hyperglycemia and pneumonia.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, EBSCOhost, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, and Wanfang databases from inception to July 10th, 2024, to identify observational studies comparing the incidence of pneumonia between stroke patients with and without stress hyperglycemia.

Ozone dry deposition and chemical removal in the urban environment of Beijing: I. Chemical and meteorological controlling parameters.

Tropospheric ozone (O) is a major air pollutant that negatively affects human health and vegetation, and plays a central role in climate change and atmospheric chemistry. Current simulations of tropospheric O concentrations in climate and air-quality models are significantly limited by the inaccurate representation of O dry deposition rate-particularly in urban areas, where field measurements remain scarce. We hypothesize that O dry deposition in the urban environment is controlled by factors similar to those over vegetation, albeit via potentially different mechanisms.

MODE: high-resolution digital dissociation with deep multimodal autoencoder.

In single cell biology, the complexity of tissues may hinder lineage cell mapping or tumor microenvi-ronment decomposition, requiring digital dissociation of bulk tissues. Many deconvolution methods focus on transcriptomic assay, not easily applicable to other omics due to ambiguous cell markers and reference-to-target difference. Here, we present MODE, a multimodal autoencoder pipeline linking multi-dimensional features to jointly predict personalized multi-omic profiles and cellular compositions, using pseudo-bulk data constructed by internal non-transcriptomic reference and external scRNA-seq data.

Disrupted neurovascular coupling in patients with lung cancer after chemotherapy.

Background: Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairments (CRCIs) are frequently reported by patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) following chemotherapy treatment. Studies have revealed that cognitive impairment may be linked to abnormal spontaneous neuronal activity and changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF). However, the specific impact of neurovascular coupling (NVC) alterations on patients who have undergone chemotherapy has not been clarified.

Mechanistic Insights into Aflatoxin B and M Degradation by HNGD-Mq02 from Wheat Koji and Its Application in Food Detoxification.

Aflatoxin B (AFB), the most toxic and prevalent mycotoxin in food and feed, and its hydroxylated metabolite aflatoxin M (AFM), common in dairy products, pose serious health risks. Effective degradation of these toxins is thus a key goal in food safety. In this study, HNGD-Mq02 was isolated and assessed for its ability to degrade AFB and AFM.

Uncovering novel functions of NUF2 in glioblastoma and MRI-based expression prediction.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a lethal brain tumor with limited therapies. NUF2, a kinetochore protein involved in cell cycle regulation, shows oncogenic potential in various cancers; however, its role in GBM pathogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we investigated NUF2's function and mechanisms in GBM and developed an MRI-based machine learning model to predict its expression non-invasively, and evaluated its potential as a therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker.

Effects of π-Extended Aromatic Fragments on Tris(hexa--hexabenzocoronenyl)methyl Radical and Cation: Synthesis, Radical Transformation, and Reactivity Insights.

Neutral organic radicals have attracted interest for their stability and redox activity. We synthesized π-extended triarylmethanol () with three HBC units, which undergoes SnCl-mediated radical transformation into nanographenes. Protonation with trifluoroacetic acid forms a carbocation () that rapidly reverts to in air, reflecting the destabilizing effect of π extension.

Characterization of spatial and temporal correlation between ecosystem service and human activity intensity in Xinjiang, China based on supply and demand.

The balance between supply and demand of ecosystem services in arid zones is crucial for regional sustainable development. Taking Xinjiang as the study area, we analyzed the spatial and temporal variations of the supply and demand of food production, habitat quality, carbon storage, soil conservation, water yield and greenfield leisure in relation to the intensity of human activities during 2000-2020 by using bivariate spatial autocorrelation method. The results showed that from 2000 to 2020, the six ecosystem services in the study area were in a state where their supply was far greater than demand (supply/demand ratio>1).

An Interpretable Radiomics Model Integrating Ultrasound and Clinical Features for Multiclass Classification of Axillary Lymph Nodes.

Objective: Accurate identification of common lesions (benign, metastatic carcinoma, lymphoma) of axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) is of vital importance for clinical decision-making, directly affecting tumor staging, treatment strategy formulation and prognosis of patients. However, current diagnostic methods by radiologists have limited accuracy in differentiating between benign lesions, metastatic carcinoma, and lymphoma.This study aimed to develop and validate the Axillary Lymph Node Interpretable Prediction (ALNIP) model for classifying axillary lymph nodes into benign, metastatic carcinoma, or lymphoma based on ultrasound imaging.

Preservative effects of chlorogenic acid on myofibrillar proteins in golden pomfret: Integrating artificial neural network and molecular simulation.

Chlorogenic acid (CGA) was applied to maintain myofibrillar protein (MP) quality in refrigerated golden pomfret fillets. The 2 g/L CGA treatment outperformed the control group, showing higher Ca-ATPase activity (0.57 μmol/h/mg protein) and salt-soluble protein content (86.