Development and validation of a machine learning model for predicting immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in advanced gastric cancer using dynamic changes in peripheral blood clinlabomics data: a retrospective multicenter cohort study.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) play a pivotal role in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, the biomarkers used to predict ICI efficacy are limited due to their reliance on single or static tumor characteristics. This study aims to develop a machine learning (ML) model that incorporates dynamic changes in clinlabomics data to optimize the predictive accuracy of ICI efficacy.

A cohort of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for pediatric rare diseases (allo-HSCT-PRD): design and preliminary results.

Rare diseases in children have attracted widespread attention worldwide due to their rarity and difficulty in diagnosis and treatment. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is emerging as a promising and curable therapy for multiple rare diseases. However, rare disease research in China is relatively backward, prompting us to construct the first cohort of allo-HSCT for pediatric rare diseases (allo-HSCT-PRD) involving those who underwent allo-HSCT at the Children's Hospital of Fudan University from 1 January 2014 to 31 October 2024.

First-line benmelstobart plus anlotinib versus sunitinib in advanced renal cell carcinoma (ETER100): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Background: The underexplored potential of PD-L1 blockade in advanced renal cell carcinoma highlights an urgent need for novel agents. This trial aimed to compare benmelstobart (a novel PD-L1 inhibitor) plus anlotinib with sunitinib as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Methods: ETER100 was a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial conducted at 37 medical sites in China.

Multimodal data-driven approaches in retinal vein occlusion: A narrative review integrating machine learning and bioinformatics.

Background: Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a leading cause of visual impairment on a global scale. Its pathological mechanisms involve a complex interplay of vascular obstruction, ischemia, and secondary inflammatory responses. Recent interdisciplinary advances, underpinned by the integration of multimodal data, have established a new paradigm for unraveling the pathophysiological mechanisms of RVO, enabling early diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies.

Clinical characteristics and economic burden of hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the Chinese Yi population.

Purpose: The study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and economic burden of Yi and Han hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).

Patients And Methods: The patients hospitalized for AECOPD were retrospectively enrolled at the Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, China, from January 2020 to October 2022. Data regarding the characteristics, treatment, clinical outcomes, and economic burden of Yi and Han AECOPD patients included in the cohort were compared and analyzed.

[Gene expression characteristics of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the sperm of asthenospermia patients].

Objective: To determine the differential expressions of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) in normal and asthenospermia (AS) men and analyze their biological significance in AS.

Methods: We isolated and extracted total RNAs from 9 normal and 9 AS sperm samples, determined the expressions of RNAs in the sperm using the DNBSEQ sequencing platform, and analyzed their relevant functions by gene ontology enrichment (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway (KEGG) analyses.

Results: An average of 10.

MBD2 deficiency attenuates CCl-induced hepatic fibrosis by inhibiting M2 macrophage polarization.

Purpose: Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 (MBD2) serves as a pivotal reader of DNA methylation and has been linked to fibrosis in the kidney and lung. However, its role and the underlying mechanisms in liver fibrosis remain unclear.

Materials And Methods: Hepatic fibrosis (HF) was induced in C57BL/6 mice using carbon tetrachloride (CCl).

The Longitudinal Association Between Chronic Back Pain and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults With Mediation Analysis: An Analysis of Four Population-Based Databases.

Background: While studies suggest chronic back pain (CBP) may heighten accelerated cognitive decline risk in older adults, no multinational research has comprehensively examined this significant public health concern alongside healthy lifestyles' potential impact.

Methods: Data from 18,558 individuals across 17 countries (China, England, Europe, USA) were extracted from four databases (2010-2023; median follow-up: 8.4 years).

Anti-CD19 CAR-T cell therapy in relapsed/refractory t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia with aberrant CD19 expression.

Background: T (8; 21) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a special type of acute leukemia, and exhibits a heterogeneous prognosis, with a long-term relapse rate of about 40%. Once t(8; 21) AML patients experience relapse, they have an extremely poor prognosis, with a 5-year overall survival rate of less than 15%. Therefore, it is crucial to develop effective strategies to improve the prognosis of relapsed/refractory (R/R) t(8; 21) AML.

Efficacy and safety of IBI351 (fulzerasib) monotherapy in KRAS inhibitor-naïve Chinese patients with KRAS-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer: a pooled analysis from phase I part of two studies.

IBI351 (also known as fulzerasib or GFH925), an irreversible covalent inhibitor of KRAS, has demonstrated promising anti-tumour activity in patients with solid tumours. In this study, data were pooled from the phase I part of two clinical studies (NCT05005234 and NCT05497336), aiming to evaluate the efficacy and safety of IBI351 monotherapy in KRAS inhibitor-naïve Chinese patients with KRAS-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). The objective response rate (ORR) was the primary endpoint.

Optimal choice of different neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapies for locally advanced rectal cancer: systematic review and network meta-analysis.

The objective of this study is to compare the pathological complete response (pCR) and survival rates of different neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy modalities (NACRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer, which is defined as rectal cancer with T3-4/N + and without distant metastasis. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Embase, the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), and the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and late-breaking abstracts on NACRT in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients with microsatellite stable (MSS) from inception to December 2024. Eighteen articles including 11658 MSS LARC patients were included: nine articles compared concurrent oxaliplatin or irinotecan with standard chemoradiotherapy, six articles conducted total neoadjuvant chemotherapy (cTNT), and three articles integrated immunotherapy (iTNT) as the NACRT regimen.

Testing evolutionary hypotheses for the world's main hotspot of temperate alpine flora using Saussurea (Compositae) as a model.

The Tibet-Himalaya-Hengduan region (THH) harbours the world's richest temperate alpine flora. To investigate the main evolutionary and ecological processes underlying this outstanding biodiversity, we tested multiple hypotheses focusing in Saussurea (Compositae), a representative genus of ca. 450 species that extensively diversified in THH and adjacent regions.

The antibody-drug conjugate SHR-A1904 for targeting CLDN18.2 in advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer: a phase 1 trial.

Claudin-18 isoform 2 (CLDN18.2), a tight junction protein expressed in non-malignant gastric epithelium and exposed on tumor cell surface during malignant transformation, is a promising therapeutic target for gastric and gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancers. SHR-A1904 is an antibody-drug conjugate comprising CLDN18.

Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome in the Distal Part of the Unilateral Upper Limb and Venous Deficiency: A Case Report.

Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by a triad of symptoms-capillary malformations, venous abnormalities, and hypertrophy of bones and soft tissues. The syndrome often presents with port wine stains, varicose veins, and limb hypertrophy, which can lead to significant complications such as venous thromboembolism and bleeding. We present a case of a 13 ' year female, with erythema in left upper limb and shoulder since birth.

Breakthroughs in diabetic retinopathy diagnosis and treatment using preclinical research models: current progress and future directions.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a severe microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, poses a significant global health threat with its rising prevalence amidst the diabetes pandemic. As the leading cause of vision impairment and blindness among working-age diabetic adults, DR highlights the urgent need for innovative diagnostic methods and effective therapeutic strategies. Early detection and prompt intervention are crucial for mitigating DR's devastating consequences.

Structural connectivity of hippocampus is not altered in patients with type 2 diabetes and without peripheral microangiopathy.

Functional hyper-connectivity in hippocampus has been recently observed in patients with an early stage of type 2 diabetes, however, the structural connectivity between hippocampus and other regions of the brain and its effects on neuropsychological performance are still unknown. Participants (82 patients with type 2 diabetes and without peripheral microvascular complications; 75 healthy controls) underwent detailed cognitive assessment and diffusion MRI. Probabilistic tractography based on a multifiber model was performed to investigate the fiber connections between hippocampus and other regions of the brain.

Four-gene-based risk score model from peripheral blood: enhancing diagnosis, prognosis, and immunotherapy response assessment in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

A four-gene risk score model was established based on transcriptome sequencing of peripheral blood samples from 20 lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients and 10 healthy individuals. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified 546 LUAD-associated genes within the blue module. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression was applied to construct the diagnostic model.

The protective mechanisms of glycyrrhizic acid for deoxynivalenol-induced toxicity in rabbit corneal stroma.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of deoxynivalenol (DON) on rabbit corneal stroma cell culture and observe the protective effect of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) against DON-induced damage.

Methods: Rabbit corneal stromal cells (RCSCs) were isolated and divided into groups: control group (CON), 0.5 mmol/L GA (GA group), 400 ng/mL DON (DON group), and 0.

Soil enzyme activity and its stoichiometry characteristics in peatlands with different nutrient types.

Peatlands are important terrestrial carbon reservoirs, and their ecological functions are deeply influenced by nutrient sources and hydrological conditions. However, the characteristics of soil enzyme activity and its driving mechanisms between different types of peatlands are still unclear. We compared soil enzyme activity, enzyme chemical stoichiometric characteristics, and soil physicochemical properties between ombrotrophic and minerotrophic peatlands which differed in nutrient sources and moisture conditions, and further analyzed the main factors driving the differences.

Timing and clinical significance of chemotherapy in patients with resected gastric adenocarcinoma: a population-based cohort study.

Background: This study was to assess the impact of chemotherapy sequence on the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer (GC) undergoing gastrectomy and identify optimal chemotherapy timing along with potential candidates.

Patients And Methods: Data on patients who underwent gastrectomy were extracted from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) were assessed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses.

NIR Driven Pd/Cerium Oxide Nano-Heterojunction for Enhanced Salvaging Sepsis Induced Acute Liver Injury via Reprogramming Redox Homeostasis in Synergy with Inducing Autophagy.

Sepsis induced acute liver injury (SALI), is a type of acute and severe disease that is generally characterized by producing significant amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in liver tissue, and in response to excessive ROS, producing huge amounts of inflammatory factors by hepatocytes. Considering the crucial role of ROS in SALI, a Pd doped CeO (CP) nano-heterojunction with enhanced ROS scavenging capacity is developed to act as a catalytic nanomedicine for the treatment of SALI. Combining with near infrared (NIR) irradiation, it exhibits excellent scavenging capacity of ROS including hydroxyl radical (•OH), superoxide anion (•O ), as well as singlet oxygen (O) for CP.

Maraviroc Prevents Optic Nerve Injury-Induced Retinal Ganglion Cell Apoptosis by Modulating the CCL5/CCR5/CTSS Axis.

Purpose: Optic nerve crush (ONC) is an animal model that induces optic nerve injury and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death, which is partly mediated by activated microglia secreting cytokines. This study explores the role of the CCL5/CCR5 pathway in RGC damage and evaluates maraviroc, a CCR5 inhibitor, as a potential therapeutic agent.

Methods: Bioinformatic analysis of glaucoma datasets (GSE142881 and GSE26299) identified Ccr5 as a key gene linked to acute or chronic RGC injury.

Prediction of sonochemical activity based on dimensionless analysis and multivariate linear regression.

Acoustic cavitation is influenced by multiple variables, including ultrasound frequency, power, and reactor configuration, all of which exert interactive and nonlinear effects on the performance of sonochemical systems. Current research on parametric effects has predominantly focused on the general trends of individual parameters, with limited investigation into their combined and interdependent influences. In this study, the sonochemical activity was systematically measured using sonochemiluminescence (SCL) and potassium iodide (KI) dosimetry under over 110 distinct operating conditions.

Association of hs-CRP/HDL, AIP and NHHR with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cross-sectional NHANES study.

Background: Inflammation and dyslipidemia have been proven to be associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships between hS-CRP/HDL, AIP, NHHR and COPD.

Materials And Methods: The data was obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.