Hierarchical MoS/CuS photonic nanostructure accelerating photothermoelectric conversion of bacterial cellulose based phase change materials.

Phase change materials (PCMs)-integrated solar-thermal-electric generators (STEGs) have emerged as a promising platform for sustainable solar energy harvesting, yet faces critical challenges including liquid phase instability, insufficient photothermal efficiency, and limited thermoelectric output. Herein, we engineered hierarchical photonic confinement through the assembly of plasmonic CuS nanoparticles, broadband-absorbing MoS nanosheets, and porous bacterial cellulose (BC). In this tripartite architecture, BC matrix provides robust structural integrity and enhances heat transfer via its 3D interconnected nanoporous structure; MoS nanosheets enable extended photon harvesting across the ultraviolet to near-infrared spectrum; CuS nanoparticles amplify near-field optical effects through localized surface plasmon resonance.

An Image-Free Single-Pixel Detection System for Adaptive Multi-Target Tracking.

Conventional vision-based sensors face limitations such as low update rates, restricted applicability, and insufficient robustness in dynamic environments with complex object motions. Single-pixel tracking systems offer high efficiency and minimal data redundancy by directly acquiring target positions without full-image reconstruction. This paper proposes a single-pixel detection system for adaptive multi-target tracking based on the geometric moment and the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA).

Global patterns of extreme temperature teleconnections using climate network analysis.

Extreme weather events, rare yet profoundly impactful, are often accompanied by severe conditions. Increasing global temperatures are poised to exacerbate these events, resulting in greater human casualties, economic losses, and ecological destruction. Complex global climate interactions, known as teleconnections, can lead to widespread repercussions triggered by localized extreme weather.

Attofarad-Class Ultra-High-Capacitance Resolution Capacitive Readout Circuits.

In order to meet the application requirements for high-precision and low-noise accelerometers in micro-vibration measurement and navigation fields, this paper presents the design and testing of an ultra-high-capacitance resolution capacitive readout circuit with attofarad-level precision. First, a differential charge amplifier circuit is employed for the first stage of capacitance detection. To suppress noise interference in the circuit, a frequency-domain modulation technique is utilized to mitigate low-frequency noise.

Co-anchored Hollow Carbonized Kapok Fiber Encapsulated Phase Change Materials for Upgrading Photothermal Utilization.

The efficient capture, conversion, and storage of solar energy present significant promise for advancing green energy utilization. However, pristine phase change materials (PCMs) are inherently inadequate for optical capture and absorption. To improve photothermal conversion properties, PCMs and metal-organic frameworks derived Co nanoparticle-anchored carbonized hollow fiber are advantageously integrated.

The role of organic anion transport peptides in cyclophosphamide-induced hepatotoxicity in high-fat diet mice.

Clinically, patients with lipid metabolism disorders caused by factors such as high-fat diet (HFD) developed severer liver damage and lipid metabolism disorders after treatment with cyclophosphamide (CTX). This can lead to elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, which in turn lead to changes in levels of various liver and kidney transporters, to increase drug accumulation, which may be a way to exacerbate liver injury. The role of organic anion transport peptides (OATPs), an important uptake transporter, in the transport process of CTX and in the aggravation of liver injury induced by CTX in HFD mice is unclear.

Nickel-Induced Dual Carbon Networks Encapsulating Phase Change Materials for Photothermal Conversion and Storage.

Bifunctional phase change materials (PCMs) with efficient energy storage and photothermal conversion capabilities have tremendous potential to be applied in advanced thermal management. However, classical organic PCMs with high latent heat are challenged by poor light harvesting, low thermal conductivity, and leakage risks. Here, we design a unique dual-carbon network with Ni nanoparticles (NPs), confined carbon nanotubes (CNTs) shuttling in carbon honeycombs (CH), namely, CH@Ni-CNTs, to encapsulate paraffin wax (PW) that can facilitate the light capture and photothermal conversion dynamics.

Sequential Adaptive Design Method for Incorporating External Data.

External data (e.g., real-world data (RWD) and historical data) have become more readily available.

Spatial preference behavior of robo-pigeons induced by electrical stimulus targeting fear nuclei.

Background: Numerous studies have confirmed that stimulating the mid-brain motor nuclei can regulate movement forcibly for robo-pigeons, but research on behavior modulation using non-motor nuclei is scarce.

Objective: In this study, we constructed a spatial preference behavior by stimulating the stratum griseum periventriculare (SGP), a nucleus correlated with fear and escape, for robo-pigeons.

Methods: The study was carried out in a square-enclosed experimental field, with a designated box serving as the 'safe' area for the robo-pigeons.

Enhancing ecosystem productivity and stability with increasing canopy structural complexity in global forests.

Forest canopy structural complexity (CSC) plays a crucial role in shaping forest ecosystem productivity and stability, but the precise nature of their relationships remains controversial. Here, we mapped the global distribution of forest CSC and revealed the factors influencing its distribution using worldwide light detection and ranging data. We find that forest CSC predominantly demonstrates significant positive relationships with forest ecosystem productivity and stability globally, although substantial variations exist among forest ecoregions.

A national-scale assessment of land subsidence in China's major cities.

China's massive wave of urbanization may be threatened by land subsidence. Using a spaceborne synthetic aperture radar interferometry technique, we provided a systematic assessment of land subsidence in all of China's major cities from 2015 to 2022. Of the examined urban lands, 45% are subsiding faster than 3 millimeters per year, and 16% are subsiding faster than 10 millimeters per year, affecting 29 and 7% of the urban population, respectively.

On variance estimation of target population created by inverse probability weighting.

Inverse probability weighting (IPW) is frequently used to reduce or minimize the observed confounding in observational studies. IPW creates a pseudo-sample by weighting each individual by the inverse of the conditional probability of receiving the treatment level that he/she has actually received. In the pseudo-sample there is no variation among the multiple individuals generated by weighting the same individual in the original sample.

Research progress of novel magnetic two-dimensional carbon composites in photocatalytic degradation of pollutants: a review.

With the improvement of economic level and the development of science and technology, the problem of water pollution needs to be solved now. Various water pollutants have a negative impact on nature and restrict its development. In recent years, photocatalysis is considered to be a promising wastewater treatment method.

LargeMetabo: an out-of-the-box tool for processing and analyzing large-scale metabolomic data.

Large-scale metabolomics is a powerful technique that has attracted widespread attention in biomedical studies focused on identifying biomarkers and interpreting the mechanisms of complex diseases. Despite a rapid increase in the number of large-scale metabolomic studies, the analysis of metabolomic data remains a key challenge. Specifically, diverse unwanted variations and batch effects in processing many samples have a substantial impact on identifying true biological markers, and it is a daunting challenge to annotate a plethora of peaks as metabolites in untargeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics.

Ecological restoration programs dominate vegetation greening in China.

Many ecological restoration programs have been implemented in China during the last two decades. At the same time, the vegetation has turned green significantly in China. However, few studies have directly evaluated the contribution of the ecological restoration programs to vegetation greening in comparison with the contribution of climate change using high-resolution data of afforestation areas at the national scale.

Multispecies forest plantations outyield monocultures across a broad range of conditions.

Multispecies tree planting has long been applied in forestry and landscape restoration in the hope of providing better timber production and ecosystem services; however, a systematic assessment of its effectiveness is lacking. We compiled a global dataset of matched single-species and multispecies plantations to evaluate the impact of multispecies planting on stand growth. Average tree height, diameter at breast height, and aboveground biomass were 5.

PhenoBERT: A Combined Deep Learning Method for Automated Recognition of Human Phenotype Ontology.

Automated recognition of Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) terms from clinical texts is of significant interest to the field of clinical data mining. In this study, we develop a combined deep learning method named PhenoBERT for this purpose. PhenoBERT uses BERT, currently the state-of-the-art NLP model, as its core model for evaluating whether a clinically relevant text segment (CTS) could be represented by an HPO term.

Above- and belowground biomass allocation and its regulation by plant density in six common grassland species in China.

Above- and belowground biomass allocation is an essential plant functional trait that reflects plant survival strategies and affects belowground carbon pool estimation in grasslands. However, due to the difficulty of distinguishing living and dead roots, estimation of biomass allocation from field-based studies currently show large uncertainties. In addition, the dependence of biomass allocation on plant species, functional type as well as plant density remains poorly addressed.

Determinants of trophic cascade strength in freshwater ecosystems: a global analysis.

Top-down cascade effects are among the most important mechanisms underlying community structure and abundance dynamics in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. A current challenge is understanding the factors controlling trophic cascade strength under global environmental changes. Here, we synthesized 161 global sites to analyze how multiple factors influence consumer-resource interactions with fish in freshwater ecosystems.