Deciphering disease-specific glycosylation: unraveling diabetes subtypes through serum glycopattern.

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a slowly progressing form of diabetes that develops in adulthood, characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells and subsequent insulin deficiency, akin to type 1 diabetes (T1D). Due to its shared genetic, immunological, and metabolic features with both T1D and type 2 diabetes (T2D), LADA is frequently misdiagnosed and inappropriately treated as T2D. To address this, we developed the A.

Bimetallic FeNi-ZSM-5-catalyzed pyrolysis of photovoltaic waste: Selective and high-yield aromatic valorization for circular resource recovery.

Catalytic pyrolysis, an efficient thermochemical process, offers a promising pathway to valorize thermoset photovoltaic backsheets (TPV) into high-value chemicals. This study investigates the ex situ catalytic pyrolysis of TPV using two acidic catalysts, ZSM-5 and FeNi-ZSM-5, under varied operational conditions, with a focus on product distribution and process efficiency. The catalytic intervention significantly enhanced pyrolysis performance.

Dendrobin A inhibits gastric cancer: Mechanistic insights supported by integrated evidence.

Background: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has shown anti-tumor potential, but its molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. This integrated bioinformatics, network pharmacology, and experimental study investigated the anti-cancer effects and mechanisms of Dendrobin A, a pharmacologically active bibenzyl compound from Dendrobium nobile, in gastric cancer (GC).

Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through analysis of the TCGA-STAD dataset.

Unraveling Materials Synthesis Mechanisms Using Transmission Electron Microscopy and Neutron Scattering.

Achieving precise control of materials synthesis is a cornerstone of modern manufacturing, driving efficiency, functionality, and device innovation. This review examines the roles of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and neutron scattering (NS) in advancing our understanding of these processes. TEM offers atomic-scale insights into nucleation, growth, and phase transitions, while NS provides an analysis of reaction pathways, phase evolution, and structural transformations over broader length scales.

Model-Informed Precision Dosing of Vancomycin in Chinese Adult Patients Receiving Renal Replacement Therapy: Systematic Evaluation of Published Pharmacokinetic Models and Dosing Regimen Simulations.

Objectives: The pharmacokinetics of renally cleared vancomycin are significantly altered in critically ill patients undergoing renal replacement therapy (RRT), affecting the achievement of therapeutic targets. We evaluated the predictive performance of RRT patient-based PopPK models for model-informed precision dosing and subsequently simulated optimal dosing regimens for this population.

Methods: Six adult PopPK models were systematically identified and evaluated using a dataset of 226 concentrations from 23 adult patients on RRT from two study centers.

Predicting tumor response to TACE plus lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors for unresectable HCC: A multicenter observational study.

Objectives: Preoperatively identifying patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) who are likely to achieve an objective response to the treatment regimen of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus lenvatinib and programmed death-1 inhibitors (TLP) remains challenging. We aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for tumor response to TLP treatment in patients with uHCC.

Materials And Methods: Patients with uHCC who received TLP treatment were divided into training (n = 107), internal validation (n = 46), and external validation (n = 52) cohorts.

Correction: Preexisting statin therapy is not associated with reduced acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery: a retrospective analysis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2025.

Targeted Inhibition of NOTCH2 and Importin-β Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Osteosarcoma Cells.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common malignant bone tumor, frequently associated with impaired osteogenic differentiation of tumor cells. Recent studies have suggested that the NOTCH signaling pathway plays a crucial role in maintaining tumor cell stemness and may influence their differentiation status. This study investigates the role of NOTCH2, a key receptor in the NOTCH family, in regulating osteogenic differentiation in OS.

Identification and validation of PSMB7 as a novel biomarker for prognosis and immune infiltrates of lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most prevalent types of lung cancer globally; it is characterized by high incidence and mortality rates and contributes to over 1.8 million deaths annually. PSMB7, a crucial component of the 20S proteasome involved in protein degradation and antigen presentation, has been implicated in various cancers; however, its specific function in LUAD remains inadequately explored.

Lipidome profiles and sleep disorders: A Mendelian randomization analysis of insomnia, sleep terrors, sleep apnea, and circadian rhythm disturbances.

Sleep disorders, such as insomnia, sleep terrors, sleep apnea, and sleep-wake schedule disorders, pose a significant public health challenge worldwide, yet their underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully understood. Lipids, beyond being structural membrane components, actively regulate neuroinflammation, circadian rhythms, and neuronal signaling, all implicated in sleep disorder pathophysiology. This study employed two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) to explore the causal relationships between the lipidome and these sleep disorders, analyzing a comprehensive GWAS dataset with 179 lipid species.

Targeting dormant tumor cells to prevent recurrent breast cancer: a randomized phase 2 trial.

Breast cancer recurrence may arise from dormant disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) that persist in bone marrow and other sites. Clinically, DTCs are independently associated with breast cancer recurrence and death. Preclinical studies in mouse models identified autophagy and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling as critical mechanisms of tumor dormancy and escape.

OGG1-driven pathogenesis in Kawasaki Disease: Identification and pharmacological regulation of a molecular marker validated in transgenic mice and clinical models.

Kawasaki Disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis affecting children and leads to severe coronary artery complications, such as aneurysms. The cause of KD remains elusive, with infections suspected as potential triggers. Diagnosis is largely dependent on clinical symptoms due to the lack of specific laboratory molecular markers.

Synergistic association of estimated glucose disposal rate and neutrophil-to-albumin ratio with accelerated biological aging.

Background: Biological age (BA) is a more accurate indicator of aging-related functional decline and disease risk than chronological age (CA). Insulin resistance and chronic inflammation are established hallmarks linked to the aging process; however, their synergistic relationship with biological age acceleration is not yet well understood.

Methods: To evaluate the independent and synergistic associations of estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), a marker of insulin sensitivity, and neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NPAR), a reliable marker of systemic inflammation that also captures its impact on metabolic processes, with biological age acceleration estimated by Klemera-Doubal method biological age (KDM-BA) and PhenoAge.

Fibula single-tunnel versus fibula double-tunnel for both anterior talofibular ligament and calcaneofibular ligament reconstruction: a biomechanical comparison.

Background: Anatomic ligament repair surgery, despite being a tremendous technical challenge in treating chronic lateral ankle instability patients, remains the gold standard for this condition. The fibula single-tunnel and double-tunnel techniques are effective for intraoperative reconstruction of the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and calcaneofibular ligament (CFL). However, which approach is more appropriate is a subject of debate.

SGK1 inhibits oxidative injury and extracellular matrix degradation by activating the GSK-3β (Ser9)/Fyn/NRF2 pathway in pelvic organ prolapse.

Aims: Sustained oxidative stress (OS) promotes the development of pelvic organ prolapse (POP); however, the pathogenesis of POP under OS conditions remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of serum and glucocorticoid-induced protein kinase 1 (SGK1) in the progression of POP in OS and elucidate its potential molecular mechanisms.

Materials And Methods: The protein levels of SGK1 in fibroblasts and other cells within the uterosacral ligament tissues (ULTs) from patients with POP in OS were measured by immunofluorescence (IF).

Multivariate Analysis of Risk Factors for Atlantoaxial Osteoarthritis: A Retrospective Cohort Study on Ligament Ossification, Joint Degeneration, and Muscle Fatty Infiltration.

Objective: Atlantoaxial osteoarthritis (AAOA) cause occipitocervical and retroauricular pain and cervical rotation disorder. Few studies have focused on the relationship between cervical spine structure and the prevalence of AAOA in China. This study aimed to investigate whether the inter-atlanto-occipital ligament ossification, uncovertebral joint degeneration and fat infiltration (FI) in the obliquus capitis inferior (OCI) muscles are associated with atlantoaxial arthritis, and to explore other potential risk factors in a clinical cohort from Eastern China.

Serotonin alleviates selenium stress and reduces selenium accumulation in seedlings.

To alleviate selenium (Se) stress, the effects of serotonin (SER, 150 μmol/L) on the growth and Se accumulation of seedlings under Se stress (1.0 mg/L) were assessed. The results indicated that SER increased the biomass and photosynthetic pigment content of seedlings under Se stress, while reducing the antioxidant enzymes activities, root Se content, and shoot Se content.

ACCELERATING QUANTITATIVE MRI USING SUBSPACE MULTISCALE ENERGY MODEL (SS-MUSE).

Multi-contrast MRI methods acquire multiple images with different contrast weightings, which are used for the differentiation of the tissue types or quantitative mapping. However, the scan time needed to acquire multiple contrasts is prohibitively long for 3D acquisition schemes, which can offer isotropic image resolution. While deep learning-based methods have been extensively used to accelerate 2D and 2D + time problems, the high memory demand, computation time, and need for large training data sets make them challenging for large-scale volumes.

Development and validation of a nomogram prediction model for factors influencing I-refractory Graves' hyperthyroidism.

Objective: To examine the factors influencing I-refractory Graves' disease (GD) hyperthyroidism in patients, develop a nomogram prediction model, and conduct its validation.

Methods: A total of 272 hyperthyroidism patients who received initial I treatment at our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were randomly selected. Patients were divided into refractory hyperthyroidism group (92 cases) and non-refractory hyperthyroidism group (180 cases) based on whether they were cured after one course of I treatment.

Hydration behaviors, knowledge, and attitudes among Chinese recreational marathon runners: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess fluid replenishment behaviors, knowledge, and attitudes among Chinese recreational marathon runners and to inform future health education strategies regarding optimal hydration.

Design: The survey was conducted between January and December 2024. Based on previously validated questionnaires, the instrument was adapted and administered to assess hydration behaviors, knowledge, and attitudes among marathon participants in major road races across China.

Daptomycin-Loaded Nano-Drug Delivery System Based on Biomimetic Cell Membrane Coating Technology: Preparation, Characterization, and Evaluation.

Staphylococcus aureus () is a clinically significant pathogenic bacterium. Daptomycin (DAP) is a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic used to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria, including . However, DAP currently faces clinical limitations due to its short half-life, toxic side effects, and increasingly severe drug resistance issues.

Anisotropic Behavior in Microstructures and Properties of Refractory Tungsten Metal Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion.

This work employed laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technology to prepare pure tungsten (W) metal components and investigated their internal defects, microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties within the horizontal and vertical planes to evaluate their anisotropic behavior. The steep temperature gradient and extremely rapid cooling rate during the LPBF process caused the as-deposited W grains to grow in a columnar crystal structure along the vertical height direction, with cracks propagating along the high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs). Although the near-equiaxed W grains within the horizontal plane were finer than the epitaxial grains within the vertical plane, the increased number of cracks within the horizontal plane weakened the fine-grained strengthening effect, resulting in lower hardness and wear resistance within the horizontal plane than within the vertical plane.