Anisotropic Behavior in Microstructures and Properties of Refractory Tungsten Metal Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion.

This work employed laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technology to prepare pure tungsten (W) metal components and investigated their internal defects, microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties within the horizontal and vertical planes to evaluate their anisotropic behavior. The steep temperature gradient and extremely rapid cooling rate during the LPBF process caused the as-deposited W grains to grow in a columnar crystal structure along the vertical height direction, with cracks propagating along the high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs). Although the near-equiaxed W grains within the horizontal plane were finer than the epitaxial grains within the vertical plane, the increased number of cracks within the horizontal plane weakened the fine-grained strengthening effect, resulting in lower hardness and wear resistance within the horizontal plane than within the vertical plane.

Monocyte-to-albumin ratio outperforms triglyceride-glucose index in associating with stroke prevalence among diabetics: an NHANES cross-sectional study.

Background: Stroke is the second leading global cause of death/disability, with 85% being ischemic. DM increases Stroke prevalence and worsens outcomes. While the TyG Index shows inconsistent Stroke prediction in DM, chronic inflammation drives pathology.

Prenatal Ultrasound Findings of X-Linked Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia: A Case Report.

X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a rare congenital hereditary disorder primarily affecting ectodermal-derived organs, including hair, sweat glands, and teeth. This case report presents a prenatal diagnosis of HED in a fetus without a familial history or parental phenotypic manifestations. The critical prenatal ultrasound finding was an abnormality in the alveolar bone.

Advancing lymph node metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Integrative mechanisms, emerging diagnostics, and translational therapies.

Lymph nodes (LNs) play a critical role in the process of cancer metastasis, serving as pivotal hubs for the retention, proliferation, and immune regulation of metastatic cells, and promoting distant metastasis through various mechanisms. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive malignancy, where lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a key indicator of disease progression and poor prognosis, directly impacting patient survival and quality of life. Understanding the complex mechanisms of lymph node metastasis, precise diagnostic methods, and effective therapeutic strategies is essential for improving HNSCC patient outcomes.

Expert consensus on cryosurgery therapy of mucosal melanoma on head and neck.

Cryoablation therapy for tumors has a long history of clinical application. Its anti-tumor mechanisms and histopathological changes have been well established, with extensive clinical practice demonstrating its safety and efficacy, theoretically making it an ideal modality for tumor treatment. Historically constrained by limitations in cryogenic media and freezing equipment, its therapeutic effectiveness and clinical adoption were significantly restricted.

A nucleic acid-based strategy for highly specific discrimination between mutant and wild-type sequences.

This study presents a novel Terminal Self-Competitive Nucleic Acid Probe (TSCP) for rapid, precise detection of mutant and wild-type gene sequences. The TSCP probe employs overlapping binding domains and inhibition strands, enabling highly specific competitive hybridization. Combined with hybridization chain reaction (HCR) for signal amplification, the method achieves nanomolar sensitivity without requiring proteases, temperature control, or complex instrumentation.

Chromosomal Microarray Analysis and Karyotype Analysis for Prenatal Diagnosis of Fetuses With Abnormal Ultrasound Soft Markers.

Objective: To explore and evaluate the value of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) in fetuses with abnormal ultrasound soft markers.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 193 fetuses with abnormal ultrasound soft markers who received prenatal diagnosis at Meizhou People's Hospital, between October 2022 and February 2024. Genetic detection of fetal specimens obtained by ultrasound-guided puncture was carried out.

Global, regional, and national burden inequality of chronic kidney disease, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant global health issue, often linked to diabetes, hypertension, and glomerulonephritis. However, aggregated statistics can obscure heterogeneity across subtypes, age, gender, and regions. This study aimed to analyze global CKD trends from 1990 to 2021, focusing on age, gender, socio-demographic index (SDI), and regional variations.

CYP2C19 loss-of-function variants are independent risk factors for premature cerebral infarction: a hospital based retrospective study.

Objective: Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) plays an vital role in the course of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases by affecting lipid metabolism. Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) is a comprehensive index composed of triglyceride and blood glucose, has relationship with some diseases. There was no research report on the association CYP2C19 polymorphisms, TyG with premature cerebral infarction (CI) (onset ≤ 65 years old) susceptibility.

Chromosomal Abnormalities Detected by Chromosomal Microarray Analysis and Karyotype in Fetuses with Ultrasound Abnormalities.

Objective: Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) is a first-line test to assess the genetic etiology of fetal ultrasound abnormalities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of CMA in detecting chromosomal abnormalities in fetuses with ultrasound abnormalities, including structural abnormalities and non-structural abnormalities.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 368 fetuses with abnormal ultrasound who received interventional prenatal diagnosis at Meizhou People's Hospital from October 2022 to December 2023.

Chromosomal Microarray Analysis in Fetuses with Ultrasound Abnormalities.

Objective: To explore and evaluate the value of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) in prenatal diagnosis of fetuses with ultrasound abnormalities.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 370 fetuses with ultrasound abnormalities received invasive prenatal diagnosis at Meizhou People's Hospital from October 2022 to December 2023. Fetal specimens were analyzed by CMA, and the detection rates of aneuploidy and pathogenic (P)/likely pathogenic (LP) copy number variations (CNVs) in ultrasound structural abnormalities (malformations of fetal anatomy) and non-structural abnormalities (abnormalities of fetal nonanatomical structure) were analyzed.

LncRNA OIP5-AS1 Upregulates the Cyclin D2 Levels to Promote Metastasis of Breast Cancer by Targeting miR-150-5p.

Objective: Breast cancer (BC) is a cancer that seriously affects women's health. BC cell migration increases the mortality of BC patients. Current studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) are related to the metastasis mechanism of BC.

Advancements and challenges in triple-negative breast cancer: a comprehensive review of therapeutic and diagnostic strategies.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses significant challenges in oncology due to its aggressive nature, limited treatment options, and poorer prognosis compared to other breast cancer subtypes. This comprehensive review examines the therapeutic and diagnostic landscape of TNBC, highlighting current strategies, emerging therapies, and future directions. Targeted therapies, including PARP inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and EGFR inhibitors, hold promise for personalized treatment approaches.

MiR-760 exerts a critical regulatory role in glioma proliferation, migration, and invasion by modulating MMP2 expression.

Glioma represents the predominant subtype of brain tumor, characterized by an unfavorable prognosis. Current evidence indicates the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the initiation and progression of glioma malignancies. While miR-760 has been recognized in the context of tumorigenesis, its precise role in gliomas remains insufficiently explored.

Clinical features of adult patients with allergic parotitis.

Background: Allergic parotitis (AP), due to its non-specific symptoms, frequently poses a diagnostic challenge, leading to cases being overlooked or misdiagnosed by clinicians.

Objective: This study aimed to elucidate detailed clinical characteristics and common diagnostic indicators of AP.

Methods: A comprehensive review and analysis of medical records was conducted from patients diagnosed with AP, encompassing demographic, clinical, and laboratory data, at the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January 2019 and March 2022.

BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations in Chinese Hakka breast cancer patients.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of BRCA1/2 gene variants and evaluate the clinical and pathological characteristics associated with these variants in Chinese Hakka breast cancer patients.

Methods: A total of 409 breast cancer patients were analyzed based on next-generation sequencing results, with 337 categorized as non-carriers and 72 as carriers of BRCA1/2 variants. Data on the patients' BRCA1/2 gene mutation status, clinical and pathological characteristics, as well as menstrual and reproductive information, were collected, analyzed, compared, and tabulated.

An Integrative Bioorthogonal Nanoengineering Strategy for Dynamically Constructing Heterogenous Tumor Spheroids.

Although tumor models have revolutionized perspectives on cancer aetiology and treatment, current cell culture methods remain challenges in constructing organotypic tumor with in vivo-like complexity, especially native characteristics, leading to unpredictable results for in vivo responses. Herein, the bioorthogonal nanoengineering strategy (BONE) for building photothermal dynamic tumor spheroids is developed. In this process, biosynthetic machinery incorporated bioorthogonal azide reporters into cell surface glycoconjugates, followed by reacting with multivalent click ligand (ClickRod) that is composed of hyaluronic acid-functionalized gold nanorod carrying dibenzocyclooctyne moieties, resulting in rapid construction of tumor spheroids.

Mutations Associated with Distant Metastasis and Mutations Associated with Poor Tumor Differentiation in Colorectal Cancer.

Background: The occurrence, progression, and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) are regulated by EGFR-mediated signaling pathways. However, the relationship between the core genes (///) status in the signaling pathways and clinicopathological characteristics of CRC patients in Hakka population remains controversial.

Methods: Patients were genotyped for (codons 12, 13, 61, 117, and 146), (codons 12, 61, 117, and 146), (codons 600), and (codons 542, 545 and 1047) mutations.

Differences in the Proportion of CYP2C19 Loss-of-Function Between Cerebral Infarction and Coronary Artery Disease Patients.

Background: Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) genotypes and metabolic phenotypes (extensive metabolizer (EM), intermediate metabolizer (IM), and poor metabolizer (PM)) are related to the metabolism of therapeutic drugs for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the differences of gene polymorphism distribution between coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and cerebral infarction (CI) patients.

Methods: We identified 413 CI patients, 509 CAD patients, and 241 CI+CAD patients from 2016 to 2020 and studied genotypes of rs4986893 (636G>A) and rs4244285 (681G>A) polymorphisms using PCR-gene chip detection method.

LncRNA WEE2-AS1 knockdown inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma cells via regulating miR-29b-2-5p/TPM3 axis.

Glioma is a general malignant tumor with a dismal prognosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in the initiation and processes of tumors. An investigation of the GEPIA database revealed that long noncoding RNA WEE2 antisense RNA 1 (WEE2-AS1) is upregulated in glioma tissues compared to normal brain tissues, and validation with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed that WEE2-AS1 expression was consistent with the database prediction.

Sinomenine Protects against Early Brain Injury by Inhibiting Microglial Inflammatory Response via Nrf2-Dependent Pathway after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Microglial activation and sustained inflammation plays an important role in the processes of early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Sinomenine (SIN) has been demonstrated to have neuroprotective effects in the traumatic brain injury (TBI) model. However, the role of SIN in SAH-induced EBI and its latent mechanisms remain unclear.

[Evaluation of the effect of cattle calcined bone grafting material to repair alveolar bone defect after tooth extraction].

Purpose: To verify the efficacy and safety of calcined cattle bone grafting material in filling alveolar bone defect after tooth extraction.

Methods: A randomized, bind, parallel, positive-control multicenter clinical trial was conducted. A total of 280 subjects were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (calcined cattle bone group) or control group (Bio-Oss group) equally.