CBCT Analysis of Incisor Movement and Alveolar Bone Changes in Class II Malocclusion Treatment with Premolar Extraction using Clear Aligner: A Retrospective Study.

Objectives: This retrospective study evaluates alveolar bone remodeling patterns and their association with incisor displacement in adults undergoing clear aligner therapy with premolar extractions for Class II malocclusion correction.

Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 38 maxillary and 37 mandibular incisors were analyzed. Displacement vectors for four anatomical landmarks (cusp tip [C], root apex [R], root neck midpoint [M], labial cementoenamel junction [L]) were quantified.

Aridity-dependent response bias of grassland productivity to precipitation in experiments compared to observations.

Precipitation manipulation experiments and long-term observations have been widely employed to examine the response of ecosystem productivity to changing precipitation. However, whether experiments accurately reflect natural responses remains questionable. Here, we conducted a global reality check analysis using paired datasets from 22 grassland sites that included both experimental and observational measurements.

Lipidome profiles and sleep disorders: A Mendelian randomization analysis of insomnia, sleep terrors, sleep apnea, and circadian rhythm disturbances.

Sleep disorders, such as insomnia, sleep terrors, sleep apnea, and sleep-wake schedule disorders, pose a significant public health challenge worldwide, yet their underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully understood. Lipids, beyond being structural membrane components, actively regulate neuroinflammation, circadian rhythms, and neuronal signaling, all implicated in sleep disorder pathophysiology. This study employed two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) to explore the causal relationships between the lipidome and these sleep disorders, analyzing a comprehensive GWAS dataset with 179 lipid species.

ST-deconv: an accurate deconvolution approach for spatial transcriptome data utilizing self-encoding and contrastive learning.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has significantly deepened our understanding of cellular heterogeneity and cell type interactions, providing insights into how cell populations adapt to environmental variability. However, its lack of spatial context limits intercellular analysis. Similarly, existing spatial transcriptomics (ST) data often lack single-cell resolution, restricting cellular mapping.

Social support and risk perception of influenza among Chengdu residents: A cross-sectional study during post-pandemic recovery.

Influenza remains a global public health threat, yet limited evidence exists regarding public risk perception and social support dynamics in post-pandemic contexts. This study investigates the interplay between social support and influenza risk perception among residents in Chengdu, China, following the ease of COVID-19 restrictions. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from January to March 2024 using convenience sampling (n = 708).

Development of a high-efficiency N-acetylneuraminic acid production platform through multi-pathway synergistic engineering.

The growing demand for N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) has driven the need for efficient and environmentally sustainable biomanufacturing processes. Microbial fermentation offers a promising route, yet optimizing cell factories with excellent phenotypes remains challenging. Here, we engineered Escherichia coli to enable high-efficiency co-utilization of glucose and glycerol.

In Situ Engineering of Zwitterionic Betaine-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks Boost Cooperative CO Catalytic Conversion.

The development of a privileged organocatalyst featuring well-defined catalytic sites to drive highly cooperative CO conversion into high value-added fine chemicals is promising while challenging. Here in this work, three zwitterionic betaine-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) bearing sulfonate, carboxylate, and phosphate moieties, namely, PS-TpBpy, BA-TpBpy, and PA-TpBpy, are in situ engineered through the post-synthetic quaternization of the bipyridine COF (TpBpy). Density functional theory-based Fukui function indicated that the pyridinium cation and the alkaline O anion in these betaine-based COFs serve as synergistic electrophilic and nucleophilic active sites, thus simultaneously activating o-phenylenediamine and CO for their highly efficient conversion to benzimidazole.

Synthesis of nonimidazole H receptor antagonists containing oxazole moiety and their antiseizure activity.

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders and presents various obstacles to the fulfilling lives of people. Histamine H receptors (HR) antagonists are becoming a promising therapeutic approach for epilepsy. In this paper, a series of novel nonimidazole HR antagonists have been designed, and synthesized.

The Effect of Far-Red Light on the Growth of Tobacco Leaves.

To investigate how far-red (FR) light affects tobacco leaf growth, we established different light conditions, namely, CK: white (WL), T1: red (R), T2: red-white (R+WL) combination, T3: white-far-red (WL+FR) combination, and T4: white-red-far-red (WL+R+FR) combination; conducted supplemental light experiments on tobacco; and evaluated the growth of tobacco leaves by determining the biomass, size of the leaves, etc. In addition, the auxin (IAA) content and expression of leaf growth-related genes were examined to further reveal the mechanism of the FR regulation of tobacco leaf growth. The results show a maximum reduction in leaf area size of more than 90% and in fresh dry mass of more than 85%, while the chlorophyll content increased by more than 28%.

Exploratory analysis of United States-based cannabis product health benefit claims on online marketplaces.

Background And Aims: Cannabis-derived products (CDPs), including cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) products, are widely diverse and readily available through physical and online retail channels in the United States (US) marketplace and may also include claims of treating or providing benefit for health issues. This study aimed to systematically classify the various types of health benefit claim(s) present on CDP listings based on publicly available online marketplace data.

Design: Exploratory analysis to identify health benefit claims.

Family protection motivation and economic vulnerability: a network analysis of public influenza risk perception, education and mitigation strategies in China.

Background: In the post-pandemic era, influenza and COVID-19 jointly exacerbate global public health burdens, yet persistent biases in risk perception drive declining vaccination rates and health disparities. Conventional linear models fail to capture the complex interactions between risk cognition, family protection motivation, and socioeconomic vulnerability-particularly within collectivist contexts like China. This gap impedes effective interventions targeting critical behavioral nodes in influenza mitigation.

II-type heterojunction of FeTiO@PCN-223(Zn) with oxygen vacancies established by ball milling for visible-light-driven photo-Fenton degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride.

Wastewater with excessive antibiotics poses potential hazards to the environment and human health. A FeTiO@PCN-223(Zn) II-type heterojunction enriched with oxygen vacancies was successfully established by simple mechanical ball milling. Compared to individual FeTiO and PCN-223(Zn), the FeTiO@PCN-223(Zn) composite exhibited superior Fenton photocatalytic degradation capability.

Consecutive haze and dust pollution drives episodic atmospheric phosphorus enrichment and dry deposition over China's marginal seas.

Atmospheric pollution events can trigger pulsed phosphorus deposition into the ocean, rapidly altering nutrient dynamics. Haze and dust event differ markedly in sources, particle sizes, and ecological impacts. This study investigates atmospheric P concentrations and dry deposition during a consecutive haze-dust episode in November 2018 over China's marginal sea.

Middle East and Central Asian dust reaches the South China Sea in summer.

Mineral dust originating from the Middle East and Central Asia reaches the South China Sea in summer, potentially impacting N2-fixation.

Enhancing signed graph neural networks through curriculum-based training.

Signed graphs are powerful models for representing complex relations with both positive and negative connections. Recently, Signed Graph Neural Networks (SGNNs) have emerged as potent tools for analyzing such graphs. To our knowledge, no prior research has been conducted on devising a training plan specifically for SGNNs.

SESN2 maintains cartilage homeostasis by SREBP1-mediated lipid metabolism during osteoarthritis progression.

Chondrocytes experience adverse lipid metabolism disorders during the degeneration of cartilage in osteoarthritis (OA), while the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Sestrin2 (SESN2), a highly conserved stress-inducible protein, plays a crucial role in regulating lipid metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the role of SESN2 in the regulation of fatty acid metabolism in chondrocytes and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms in OA.

Highly efficient antibacterial hydrogel-based multifunctional coatings for ureteral stent to inhibit severe infectious encrustation.

Ureteral stents are prone to encrustation due to urinary crystallization and bacterial infection, leading to severe complications and restricting long-term use. In this study, a multifunctional hydrogel-based coating was developed, which integrates the crosslinking of polyacrylic acid coupled with zinc ions (PAA(Zn)) possessing antibacterial properties and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with hydrophilic lubrication properties on the PU stent (PPAZ/PU). This novel PPAZ/PU coating was devised to mitigate the challenges of bacterial infectious encrustation associated with stent placement in clinical settings.

Three-dimensional characterization of EUV mask blank defects with photoemission electron microscopy assisted by neural network transfer learning.

Information on the type and morphology of an extreme ultraviolet mask blank defect is of vital importance for mask blank repair and defect compensation. This study introduces an approach for defect type identification and three-dimensional (3D) morphology reconstruction based on photoemission electron microscopy. With the assistance of the neural network transfer learning method, the defect type can be precisely identified, and average error rates of 1.

Sustainable in-situ arsenic immobilization in paddy soils using magnetic biochar and the role of microbial functional genes.

Arsenic (As) contamination in paddy soils poses a threat to both rice safety and human health. To address this challenge, we developed and evaluated an in-situ remediation approach using magnetic iron oxide biochar (MBC) for paddy soils with varying As contamination levels, aiming to reduce As accumulation in rice grains. MBC significantly altered soil physicochemical properties [pH, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), soil organic matter (SOM), and Free iron oxides (Fe-ox)] at both tillering and maturity stages.

Recent Advances in Inflammation-Associated Epicardial Adipose Tissue for Atrial Fibrillation Patients.

The relationship between inflammation and atrial fibrillation (AF) has recently attracted significant research interest. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) contributes to the pathogenesis of AF through its inflammatory, metabolic, and electrophysiological effects and may also influence AF outcomes. Inflammatory cells within EAT release key proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which promote cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis.

TSP50 in Neural Stem Cells Regulates Aging-Related Cognitive Decline and Neuroinflammation by Altering the Gut Microbiota.

Aging is a process of gradual decline in physical and cognitive function and is a major risk factor for mortality. Despite the increasing number of relevant studies, the mechanisms regulating the aging process have not been fully elucidated. Genetic factors have long been recognized as key factors in controlling the rate of aging.

Construction of the Veterinary DrugBank and Drug Repurposing.

AI-driven drug discovery relies on multiscale data integration. However, the veterinary drug development field currently lacks systematic integration of drug-disease-target information. To address this gap, we constructed the Veterinary DrugBank (https://ys.

Triple binding pockets of AtSDH: Reduced affinity underpins SDHI- resistance in Alternaria tenuissima.

Alternaria tenuissima, a causal agent of violet leaf spots (GVLS) on garlic (Allium sativum L.), causes a massive loss of yields. Boscalid [abbreviated as Bos] has been registered to control the GVLS in China since 2012.

CiOs1, CiOs4 and CiOs5 modulate temperature-dependent growth and fludioxonil resistance in Calonectria ilicicola, causing soybean red crown rot.

Calonectria ilicicola causes soybean red crown rot (RCR), along with premature leaf aging, early defoliation, and necrosis, leading to seriously losses of yield and quality worldwide. Fludioxonil (Flu), a phenylpyrrole fungicide with a broad spectrum and high activity against phytopathogenic fungi. In this study, baseline sensitivity of 100 isolates collected from main soybean production areas to Flu was determined in vitro.