Good Learners Are Poor Monitors: A Negative Relation Between Learning Ability and Monitoring Accuracy.

Effective learning involves not only the ability to quickly acquire knowledge and skills, but also the capacity to accurately monitor one's ongoing learning progress. The present research probed the relation between learning ability and monitoring accuracy. A meta-analysis (Study 1, = 2,406) counterintuitively found that individuals with superior learning ability exhibited slightly poorer monitoring accuracy (measured as the resolution of judgments of learning).

High-Entropy Rare Earth Halide Electrolytes with Improved Cycling Stability and Cost Effectiveness.

Rare earth halide solid state electrolytes (SSEs) have been attracting wide interest recently. However, the high cost of rare earth resources and poor cycling performance in all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) hinder their practical applications. In this work, two novel high-entropy rare earth halide electrolytes, Li(Y,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb)Cl (HEE-1) and Li(Y,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb)ZrCl (HEE-2), were rationally designed.

Integrated untargeted metabolomics and physiological analysis reveal the response mechanisms of Procambarus clarkii larvae to carbonate alkalinity exposure.

High alkalinity stress represents a critical yet understudied threat to aquatic organisms in saline-alkaline ecosystems. This study provides the first comprehensive investigation of carbonate alkalinity tolerance mechanisms in larval Procambarus clarkii, employing an innovative dual-approach methodology. Two experiments were conducted: the first aimed to determine the semi-lethal concentration (LC) and safe concentration (SC) of alkalinity for larval P.

The influence of glutathione metabolism on alkaline adaptation of Amur ide (Leuciscus waleckii) and potential role of gut microbiota.

Amur ide (Leuciscus waleckii), which inhabits Lake Dali, a soda lake in Northeast China with extremely high alkalinity (~ 53.57 mmol/L) and pH value (~ 9.6), is considered to be an ideal model for elucidating alkaline adaption mechanisms.

Expansion of the antibacterial spectrum of symmetrical amino acid-paired antifungal peptides through structural optimization.

Background: Fungal infections often co-occur with antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections, posing clinical treatment challenges. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered promising therapeutic alternatives due to their low potential for inducing drug resistance. This study aimed to enhance the antibacterial potency of an existing antifungal peptide through optimization, developing a dual-function peptide targeting both fungal and bacterial pathogens.

Homeostasis of Gut Microbiota Protects against Susceptibility to Fungal Pneumonia.

Fungal pneumonia is a serious disease with great harm and high prevalence, presenting significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment. The gut and respiratory microbiota play a critical role in protecting lung health against fungal pneumonia. Here, it is established fungal pneumonia by infection via the sinopulmonary route with Fusarium graminearum (F.

Reciprocal Relationships among the Educational Expectations of Fathers, Mothers, and Adolescents from Fourth Grade to Ninth Grade.

Although reciprocal relationships among the educational expectations of fathers, mothers, and adolescents have been theoretically proposed, the dynamic, gender differential, and asymmetric nature of these reciprocal relationships within family systems across adolescence remains unclear. In the current study, a cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) was used to examine the reciprocal relationships among the educational expectations of fathers, mothers, and adolescents from 4th grade to 9th grade and the moderating effect of adolescents' gender was considered. A total of 3403 Chinese students (1628 girls; initial M = 9.

Association between physical activity level and cardiovascular disease: An empirical analysis based on CHARLS data in 2018.

Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) was a global public health challenge. This study aimed to investigate the association between physical activity level (PAL) and CVD among middle-aged and older adults in China, to provide evidence to inform strategies for CVD prevention and management.

Methods: The diagnosis of CVD was based on self-reported physician-diagnosed heart disease or stroke, while PAL were classified using calculations derived from a structured questionnaire.

Construction of the Veterinary DrugBank and Drug Repurposing.

AI-driven drug discovery relies on multiscale data integration. However, the veterinary drug development field currently lacks systematic integration of drug-disease-target information. To address this gap, we constructed the Veterinary DrugBank (https://ys.

Association between body roundness index and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and older adults: a prospective cohort study in China.

Background: The Body Roundness Index (BRI), an emerging anthropometric parameter calculated from height and waist circumference ratios, currently lacks substantive evidence delineating its etiological connections with metabolic syndrome (MetS) development. Its predictive utility for MetS and clinical applicability remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between BRI and the risk of MetS in middle-aged and older adults in China, using both cross-sectional and prospective cohort analyses.

Musculoskeletal disorders in women of childbearing age: global trends, socio-demographic disparities, and future projections.

Background: Musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders are a leading cause of disability worldwide, particularly prevalent among women of childbearing age (WCBA). Our aim is to comprehensively assess the global, regional, and national burden of MSK disorders in WCBA, and examine the burden of MSK disorders among WCBA at varying levels of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), then to project the burden of these disorders through to 2045.

Methods: This study utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 project, focusing on MSK disorders among WCBA (15-49 years).

Hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge) polysaccharide improves the adaptability of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) to high alkalinity by regulating immunity, intestinal microbiota, and intestinal metabolomics.

Hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge) polysaccharide (HP) is one of the most important active ingredients in hawthorn and has antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects. However, HP is rarely used in aquaculture research. High alkalinity adversely affects the growth and development of aquatic organisms; therefore, new feed additives that eliminate the adverse effects high alkalinity are warranted.

Recent progress on nanotechnologies for enhancing blood-brain barrier permeability.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a substantial impediment to effectively delivering central nervous system (CNS) therapies. In this review, we provide a comprehensive dissection of the BBB's elaborate structure and function and discuss the inherent limitations of conventional drug delivery mechanisms due to its impermeability. We summarized the creative deployment of nanocarriers, the astute modification of small molecules to bolster their CNS penetration capabilities as well as the burgeoning potential of magnetic nanoparticles and optical techniques that are positioned to enable more precise and targeted drug delivery across the BBB and we discuss the current clinical application of some nanomedicines.

Au@PdPt nanoparticles-based colorimetric and photothermal dual-mode lateral flow immunoassay for the sensitive detection of ofloxacin.

Ofloxacin (OFL) overuse leads to hazardous residues in food and the environment, necessitating sensitive and accurate detection. Traditional gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-based lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) suffer from low sensitivity, compromised accuracy, and reliance on single-mode signals, limiting their reliability. We synthesized Au@PdPt nanoparticles (NPs) via a one-step reduction method, integrating a plasmonic Au core with a Pd-Pt alloy shell to enable dual-mode colorimetric and photothermal detection of OFL with enhanced precision.

Ratiometric fluorescence immunoassay based on PtPdRu trimetallic nanozyme with enhanced oxidase-like activity for sensitive detection of xylazine.

Xylazine (XYL), an illicit opioid adulterant, its abuse and misuse can cause serious food safety incidents, drug-facilitated crimes, and even death. Therefore, to address the urgent need for XYL monitoring, a novel ratiometric fluorescence (RF) nanozyme-linked immunosorbent assay (NLISA) was proposed. This RF-NLISA used a robust polyvinylpyrrolidone ligand assisted trimetallic PtPdRu nanocluster (NC) nanozyme with high oxidase-like activity as the signal label.

Regioisomeric Engineering of Sterically Hindered Bright Near-Infrared Paraptosis Agents for Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy.

Paraptosis emerges as a new promising form of programmed nonapoptotic cell death in chemotherapeutic anticancer therapy. However, current paraptosis agents face critical challenges, including poor targeting specificity, limited imaging capability, and low therapeutic efficacy. To overcome these limitations, we developed a novel approach by functionalizing the tetraphenylethylene (TPE) unit at the position of xanthene dyes, enabling the synthesis of two sterically hindered regioisomeric fluorescent paraptosis-inducing agents (-TSX and -TSX) for mitochondria-targeted chemo-photodynamic anticancer therapy.

Application progress of machine learning in patient-ventilator asynchrony during mechanical ventilation: a systematic review.

Introduction: Patient-ventilator asynchrony (PVA) is a common and harmful complication during mechanical ventilation, often requiring labor-intensive manual assessment. Machine learning (ML) offers a promising approach for automated and accurate PVA detection and prediction. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the methodologies and performance of ML models applied to PVA.

Spray drying strategies for the construction of drug-loaded particles: Insights into design principles and pharmaceutical applications.

The design and preparation of particulate drug delivery systems are crucial for enhancing drug efficacy and reducing adverse effects. Spray drying has emerged as a versatile technique for tailoring the particle size, morphology, encapsulation efficiency and release kinetics of drug-loaded particles. This review provides a comprehensive overview of spray drying processes used in the design and fabrication of particulate drug delivery systems.

Macroscopic bubble generation promoted by nanobubble seeds as a traceless anti-fluctuation strategy for water splitting.

To adapt fluctuating renewable energy for water splitting is challenging, since the growth of electrochemically generated nanobubbles at early stage requires high supersaturation during the repeated start-stop cycles, which can accelerate the deactivation of electrodes and cause extra energy consumption. Herein, we propose a "bubble seeding" strategy by introducing nanobubbles (NBs, ~200 nm in diameter) into electrolyte to promote the generation of macroscopic bubbles. The precursive nanobubbles can act as the beforehand nuclei with a certain supersaturation, lower the supersaturation barrier for further growth, and result in reduced overpotential as high as 130 mV for oxygen evolution reaction.

Discovery of an unconventional quantum echo by interference of Higgs coherence.

Detecting photon echoes from superconducting Higgs modes is challenging due to the necessity of preserving and retrieving phase coherence encoded in multiple Higgs and quasiparticle (QP) excitations. Here, we demonstrate the emergence of a Higgs echo in niobium superconductors. This approach disentangles unique quantum pathways involving the Higgs mode and QP excitations.

Coexisting Ion Concentration Polarization in Ammonia Recovery via Flow-Electrode CDI: Impacts, Mechanisms, and Optimizations.

Flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) offers an eco-friendly and energy-efficient approach for ammonia recovery from wastewater. However, the presence of coexisting ions significantly impedes recovery efficiency. Here, we investigate the interference mechanisms of coexisting ions on ammonia recovery using a gas-membrane-coupled FCDI system.

Hyperuricemia is a prognostic marker for antiphospholipid syndrome patients: a retrospective cohort study in China.

Objective: Hyperuricemia (HUA) is implicated in inflammation and a prothrombotic state, but its prognostic role in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) remains uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of HUA in APS and identify optimal serum uric acid (SUA) thresholds for predicting adverse outcomes.

Methods: All patients fulfilled the 2006 Sydney criteria for APS were followed up at Peking University People's Hospital (2009-2022).

Association Between Hemodynamic Monitoring Need and Prognosis of Patients with Sepsis in the Intensive Care Unit.

Sepsis, a life-threatening disease characterized by organ dysfunction, is primarily caused by an abnormally regulated host response to infection. This study aimed to evaluate the association between hemodynamic monitoring (HM) and the prognosis of patients with sepsis in the intensive care unit (ICU). This retrospective analysis used data from the MIMIC-IV database (2008-2019) at a tertiary medical center in Boston, focusing on adult patients with sepsis.

Effects of re-enter water on antioxidant, immune, intestinal flora and metabolome of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) after high temperature air exposure.

Both air exposure stress and heat stress can cause stress responses of Eriocheir sinensis and affect its normal life activities. The objective of this research was to investigate the impact of re-enter water treatment on immunoenzyme activity, immune-related gene expression, hemolymph parameters, intestinal microbiota composition, and metabolomic profiles in Eriocheir sinensis after being subjected to high-temperature air exposure. The findings indicated that the re-enter water effectively mitigated the negative impacts of high-temperature air exposure on both antioxidant and immune capacities.