Estimating cardiovascular effects of influenza vaccination in older adults: a target trial emulation using proximal causal inference.

Background: The substantial burden of cardiovascular diseases highlights the urgent need for cost-effective interventions to mitigate their impact. While existing evidence on the cardioprotective effect of the influenza vaccine comes primarily from populations with cardiovascular comorbidities, these studies remain susceptible to several sources of bias, including immortal time bias and unmeasured confounding. To attenuate these limitations, our study aimed to assess the effect of influenza vaccination on cardiovascular events in an older population in China, utilizing a target trial emulation framework in conjunction with a proximal causal inference (PCI) approach.

Post-marketing surveillance for the safety of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine: a retrospective real-world study in China.

Background: The potential occurrence of autoimmune- and pregnancy-related adverse events with the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (4vHPV) vaccine has previously not been assessed in the real-world setting in China.

Research Design And Methods: A retrospective active post-marketing surveillance of the 4vHPV vaccine has been conducted among Chinese women aged 20-45 years between January 2018 and March 2021 in the Ningbo city. Incidences of seven pre-specified autoimmune diseases diagnosed within 6 months after the 4vHPV vaccination were calculated.

Treatment Patterns and Triple Therapy Utilization in Chinese Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Analysis of Real-World Data from the Yinzhou Database.

Purpose: Triple therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), consisting of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS), long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) and long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) has shown benefits in patients with COPD. However, little is known about the use of triple therapy in Chinese patients. This study aims to describe the treatment patterns and the utilization of triple therapy in COPD patients based on real-world data from China.

Impact of COVID-19 vaccination coverage on global disability burden of Guillain-Barré syndrome.

The global burden of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), an immune-mediated neuropathy, remains poorly characterized during the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed age-standardized years lived with disability (YLD) for GBS from 1990 to 2021 using GBD 2021 data and COVID-19 vaccination coverage from Our World in Data, focusing on 2020-2021. During the pandemic, GBS YLD rates rose dramatically, with greater increases seen in low-SDI regions, females and individuals aged 15-29 years.

Impacts of COPD exacerbation history on mortality and severe cardiovascular events among patients with COPD in China: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) exacerbations are associated with increased mortality and cardiovascular events. However, there is limited evidence on the relationship between COPD exacerbations and mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in China.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included Chinese patients with COPD aged ≥ 40 years from the Yinzhou regional electronic health records database.

PD-1 induces autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/FoxO1 pathway to promote infectious bursal disease virus replication.

Introduction: Autophagy is an important process in host cell responses to viral replication and spread, including those against infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is a known immunoinhibitory receptor, and its expression causes immune dysfunction in B lymphocytes, resulting in increased progression of immunosuppressive diseases. However, the role of PD-1 in autophagy during IBDV infection remains unclear.

Musculoskeletal disorders in women of childbearing age: global trends, socio-demographic disparities, and future projections.

Background: Musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders are a leading cause of disability worldwide, particularly prevalent among women of childbearing age (WCBA). Our aim is to comprehensively assess the global, regional, and national burden of MSK disorders in WCBA, and examine the burden of MSK disorders among WCBA at varying levels of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), then to project the burden of these disorders through to 2045.

Methods: This study utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 project, focusing on MSK disorders among WCBA (15-49 years).

Antihypertensive medications and cancer risk: Evidence from 0.27 million patients with newly diagnosed hypertension.

Background: Whether specific antihypertensive treatments increase cancer risk in patients with hypertension is still controversial. We aimed to estimate the associations of different antihypertensive treatments with cancer risk in real-world settings.

Methods: A longitudinal cohort study was designed in a population of 1.

Pipe Resistance Loss Calculation in Industry 4.0: An Innovative Framework Based on TransKAN and Generative AI.

As the demand for deep mineral resource extraction intensifies, optimizing pipeline transportation systems in backfill mining has become increasingly critical. Thus, reducing energy loss while ensuring the filling effect becomes crucial for improving process efficiency. Owing to variations among mines, accurately calculating pipeline resistance loss remains challenging, resulting in significant inaccuracies.

Minimum Data Set and Metadata for Active Vaccine Safety Surveillance: Systematic Review.

Background: Active vaccine safety surveillance (AVSS) stands as a top priority for the World Health Organization (WHO), serving as a critical indicator of the fourth maturity level for national regulatory agencies.

Objective: This review aims to define the minimal data scope for association studies in vaccine safety, providing a reference framework for implementing AVSS systems worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries.

Methods: The study systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for cohort and case-control studies related to AVSS published between January 1, 2018, and September 7, 2022.

Development and validation of identification algorithms for five autoimmune diseases using electronic health records: a retrospective cohort study in China.

Objective: This study aims to assess the identification algorithms for five autoimmune diseases-Hashimoto's thyroiditis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and type 1 diabetes (T1D)-using the Yinzhou Regional Health Information Platform (YRHIP) in China.

Methods: Diagnostic data was extracted from YRHIP's population registry (2010-2021), combining ICD-10 codes and Chinese medical terminology from outpatient, inpatient, and discharge records. Algorithms were validated through chart reviews, adhering to global clinical guidelines.

Meticulous Design of High-Polarity Interface Material for FACsPbI Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency of 26.47.

Designing new interface materials with the multifunctions of upper film crystallization control, interfacial defects passivation, and interfacial energy level regulation is crucial for developing efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, a high polarity interfacial material, 2-cyano-N,N,N-trimethylammonium bromide (CNCB), was synthesized to engineer the buried interface between SnO and perovskite of the PSCs. Comprehensive theoretical and experimental investigations demonstrate that CNCB interacts with perovskite precursors (PbI and FAI) to regulate crystallization kinetics, yielding perovskite films with preferred orientation and reduced defects.

Improving the Hit Rates of Virtual Screening by Active Learning from Bioactivity Feedback.

Virtual screening has been widely used to identify potential hit candidates that can bind to the target protein in drug discovery. Contemporary screening methods typically rely on oversimplified scoring functions, frequently yielding one-digit hit rates (or even zero) among top-ranked candidates. The substantial cost of laboratory validation further constrains the exploration of candidate molecules.

Natural environmental factors at birth on risk for rheumatoid arthritis: the impact of season, temperature, latitude, and sunlight exposure.

Background: Environmental factors contribute to approximately 41% of the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Previous studies have focused on anthropogenic environmental factors, while much less attention has been given to natural environmental factors. Our study explored the potential influence of natural environmental factors at birth on the risk of RA.

Research on Fuzzy Control of Methanol Distillation Based on SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) Interpretability and Generative Artificial Intelligence.

The most important control parameters in the methanol distillation process, which are directly related to product quality and yield, are the temperature, pressure and water content of the finished product at the top of the column. In order to adapt to the development trend of modern industrial technology to be more accurate, faster and more stable, the fusion of multi-sensor data puts forward higher requirements. Traditional control methods, such as PID control and fuzzy control, have the disadvantages of low heterogeneous data processing capability, poor response speed and low control accuracy when dealing with complex industrial process detection and control.

A Triphenylamine-Functionalized Co-Assembly Material for Record Efficiency Inverted CsPbI Perovskite Solar Cells.

The precise regulation of self-assembled monolayer (SAM) distribution and interfacial modification is pivotal for advancing the performance of p-i-n inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, a new co-assembly material, 4-(aminomethyl)-N,N-diphenylaniline iodide (TPAI), is developed to make SAM orderly assembled. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation and sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy reveal that TPAI binds with SAM via π-π interactions, effectively suppressing SAM aggregation and enhancing the orderliness of self-assembly.

Targeted Anchoring of All Cations with 5-Bromopyridine-3-sulfonic Acid for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells.

The quality of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite films directly affects the application prospect of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), where organic and inorganic cations are the core elements that affect the quality of the perovskite. The additive strategy has been widely used to passivate cation-related defects in perovskite films. Here, the perovskite precursor solution introduced 5-bromopyridine-3-sulfonic acid (BOH) with a potential all-cation passivation function.

Diagnostic value of colour Doppler ultrasound, serum -hCG concentration, and progesterone concentration in ectopic pregnancy.

BackgroundThe rising incidence of ectopic pregnancy (EP) in China underscores the critical need for early and accurate diagnosis to achieve optimal patient outcomes. Colour Doppler ultrasound, β-hCG, and progesterone testing are essential tools in the detection of EP, with transvaginal ultrasound offering precise visualization of EP lesions. Lower levels of β-hCG and progesterone in EP cases compared to normal pregnancies serve as key diagnostic markers.

Time in Target Range for Blood Pressure and Adverse Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review.

Background: Blood pressure (BP) time in target range (TTR) reflects the proportion of time that BP measurement is within a specified target range. We aim to summarize the evidence for relationships between TTR and adverse health outcomes.

Methods: Seven databases were searched.

Successive Reactions of Trimethylgermanium Chloride to Achieve > 26% Efficiency MA-Free Perovskite Solar Cell With 3000-Hour Unattenuated Operation.

The rapidly increased efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) indicates their broad commercial prospects, but the commercialization of perovskite faces complex optimization processes and stability issues. In this work, a simple optimized strategy is developed by the addition of trimethylgermanium chloride (TGC) into FACsPbI precursor solution. TGC triggers the successive interactions in perovskite solution and film, involving the hydrolysis of vulnerable Ge─Cl bond forming Ge─OH group, then forming the hydrogen bonds (O─H···N and O─H···I) with FAI.

Monitoring the safety of the adjuvanted human papillomavirus vaccine, HPV-16/18-AS04: Protocol for a cohort study using electronic health records in Yinzhou, China.

This protocol was developed to conduct population-wide surveillance of the bivalent HPV-16/18-AS04-adjuvanted human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in terms of uptake and safety outcomes including potential immune-mediated diseases (pIMDs) and pregnancy-related outcomes in China. The study will use electronic health records from 2010 to 2020 from the Yinzhou Regional Health Information Platform and include a population-based cohort of female permanent residents aged 9-45 years. Baseline and follow-up periods will be defined according to the 2017 introduction of HPV-16/18-AS04 in China.

6-Trifluoromethylnicotinamide Bilaterally Anchored All Cations Implementing Efficient and Humidity-Stable Perovskite Solar Cells.

For organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the volatilization of organic components and the presence of undercoordinated Pb ions are the primary causes of device stability imbalance. These factors also serve as significant determinants that restrict the commercialization scale of PSCs. Here, 6-trifluoromethylnicotinamide (TNA) molecules, featuring amide and trifluoromethyl groups at both ends, were introduced as Lewis additives into the precursor solution of perovskite to anchor all cation defect sites and optimize the crystallization process of perovskite.