Recent advances in DNA aptamer-based fluorescence biosensors from design strategies to diverse applications and future challenges: A review.

Aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides that can bind to specific target molecules with high affinity and specificity. Fluorescence DNA aptamer-based biosensors (aptasensors) have emerged as powerful analytical tools for detecting diverse targets, ranging from food contaminants to disease biomarkers, owing to their exceptional specificity, high sensitivity, and cost-effectiveness. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in the design strategies of fluorescence aptasensors, focusing on three key approaches: (1) fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based signal amplification, (2) nanomaterial-enhanced probes, and (3) multi-channel platforms for simultaneous detection.

The relationship between restrained eating and exercise addiction: The chain mediating role of social physique anxiety and grit.

Background: Exercise addiction often coexists with eating disorders and extreme dietary habits. It has remained unclear whether restrained eating, the most common maladaptive behavior in eating disorders, is associated with exercise addiction and whether some common psychological factors will affect their relationship. This study aimed to explore the interplay among restrained eating, exercise addiction, social physique anxiety, and grit.

Arabinogalactan polysaccharides derived from sacha inchi shells alleviate angiotensin II-induced endothelial cell dysfunction.

Sacha inchi shell extract (SISE), whose main active substance is a polysaccharide, has been reported to have hypotensive effects. Consequently, a novel acidic arabinogalactan, termed SISP, was isolated from SISE, and its efficacy in protecting vascular endothelial cells was investigated. SISP had a molecular weight of 57.

Formation of breccia pipes associated with a hydrogen-rich hydrothermal system on the east Caroline plate in the West Pacific.

A large hydrothermal field at depths >4300 meters was found on the east Caroline plate in the western Pacific Ocean. Here, we show that large hydrothermal pipes with steep walls and breccia-dominated bottoms suggest explosions of billion metric tons of TNT (trinitrotoluene) equivalent. More than 800 short-duration seismic events were detected within 28 days along a 150-kilometer profile, indicating widespread ongoing explosive gas release.

Unlocking New Treatment Horizons for Celiac Disease: PRKCD Revealed as a Promising Target through Mendelian Randomization.

Introduction: Celiac Disease (CeD) is a serious, lifelong autoimmune condition. There remains a significant unmet medical need for effective pharmacological treatments for CeD.

Methods: We utilized summary statistics for 2,888 druggable genes from the eQTLGen Consortium and the FinnGen Consortium for CeD.

Disruption of Spike Priming in Virus Entry: Tetrandrine as a Pan-Coronavirus Inhibitor.

The emergence of novel and highly transmissible coronavirus (CoVs) highlights the urgent need for broad-spectrum antiviral agents. In our pursuit of effective treatments for coronavirus, we identified tetrandrine, the traditional Chinese medicine, as a pan-coronavirus inhibitor, exhibiting efficacy against HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, SARS-CoV-2, and its major variants of concern (VOCs), including alpha, beta, and omicron. Mechanistic investigations revealed that tetrandrine primarily targets the viral entry stage by binding to the Spike protein, disrupting its interaction with the host protease transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), and promoting Spike protein degradation, ultimately blocking the membrane fusion.

Structural basis of CAX1 autoinhibition by its amino-terminal domain in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Calcium homeostasis is tightly regulated due to the essential roles of calcium ions (Ca) in various cellular processes. CAX1 in Arabidopsis thaliana (AtCAX1) serves as a Ca/H exchanger transporting excess cytosolic Ca into the vacuole, which is modulated by kinase phosphorylation in response to diverse signals. However, the regulatory mechanism remains unclear.

Punicalin ameliorates vascular endothelial cell pyroptosis and dysfunction induced by hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia through activation of PPARγ.

Vascular endothelial dysfunction, a form of chronic endothelial inflammation, frequently occurs in patients with diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia, which is a key trigger of cardiovascular diseases. Emerging evidence has indicated that pyroptosis plays a crucial role in endothelial dysfunction and potentially represents a promising therapeutic strategy. Punicalin (PUN), a bioactive compound derived from ellagitannins, has demonstrated great potential of anti-inflammatory and anti-pyroptosis.

Integrated screening identifies GPR31 as a key driver and druggable target for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a globally prevalent but intractable disease lacking effective pharmacotherapies. Here, we performed an integrated multilayered screening for pathogenic genes and druggable targets for MASH. We identified the subclass of metabolite-sensing G protein-coupled receptors, specifically GPR31, a critical contributor to MASH occurrence, which, to our knowledge, was previously uncharacterized.

Intratumoral Microbiome-related MRI Model for Predicting Breast Cancer Shrinkage Pattern Following Neoadjuvant Therapy.

Background Patients with breast cancer exhibit different tumor shrinkage patterns (TSPs) after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT), making accurate TSP prediction essential for breast-conserving surgery planning. The intratumoral microbiome influences treatment response, and related imaging features may improve TSP prediction. Purpose To develop an intratumoral microbiome-related MRI model that accurately predicts TSP following NAT.

Longitudinal liquid biopsy identifies an early predictive biomarker of immune checkpoint blockade response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has improved outcomes for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but predictive biomarkers remain limited. Here, we use a time-resolved, multi-omic approach in a murine HNSCC model to characterize peripheral immune responses to ICB. Single-cell transcriptomics and T/B cell receptor analyses  reveal early on-treatment expansion of effector memory T and B cell repertoires in responders, preceding tumor regression.

Synbiotic microencapsulation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-lentinan for enhanced growth in broilers.

Unlabelled: In the prevention and control of animal diseases, synbiotics combine the principles of probiotics and prebiotics, which play crucial roles in reducing intestinal disorders, such as diarrhea and indigestion, enhancing immune function, and decreasing the incidence of respiratory diseases in livestock and poultry. Following the confirmation of the prebiotic activity of lentinan, this study aimed to use microencapsulation technology to prepare synbiotics composed of () and lentinan. The optimal preparation process for the synbiotic microcapsules was determined through single-factor, orthogonal, and response surface experiments.

Inequalities and trends in access to health insurance and essential public health services among internal migrants in china: 2013 to 2018.

China launched a major health-care reform in 2009 aimed to provide all citizens with equal access to basic health care with reasonable quality and financial risk protection. Since then, China has made substantial progress toward Universal Health Coverage (UHC). However, the access of UHC among internal migrants might be disadvantaged compared with local residents.

Glutamate Supplementation Ameliorated Growth Impairment and Intestinal Injury in High-Soya-Meal-Fed .

This research assessed the efficacy of glutamate (Glu) supplementation to feed in counteracting growth restriction and intestinal stress-induced injury in juvenile groupers (; initial weight 15.11 ± 0.03 g).

High-speed computation of high-quality light fluence distribution from low-photon Monte Carlo using a Fourier neural network.

Monte Carlo (MC) simulation is the gold standard for studying light propagation in biological tissues within the field of tissue optics. However, the high computational costs of MC simulation limit its broader use in practice. Although GPU-accelerated MC methods significantly enhance computational efficiency, the time required remains substantial under conditions of high-photon numbers and fine mesh due to limited computational resources.

Mitochondria-immobilized fluorescent probes for viscosity and cellular imaging.

A mitochondria-immobilized fluorescent probe Mito-CDM was designed and synthesized for viscosity sensing via the twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) mechanism. The N,N-diethylaminophenyl group is the viscosity-sensitive unit in the prepared Mito-CDM molecular structure, while the pyridinium cation is the mitochondria-targeting group that is responsible for monitoring mitochondrial viscosity. As the viscosity increased from 0.

Dynamic Prognostic Models for Colorectal Cancer With Liver Metastases.

Importance: Current prognostic models for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) primarily incorporate clinicopathologic features assessed at a single time point, resulting in a static risk assessment for individuals. Given that tumor progression is a dynamic process, especially for patients with CRLM, and patients' data are continuously collected during the follow-up visits, dynamic prediction is a natural model for risk assessments via reflecting the latest prognosis, whenever new marker measurements are available.

Objective: To develop CRLM prognostic models and a clinical web-based tool to facilitate dynamic predictions.

Tailored Crystallization and Defect Control via Acetamide Derivatives for Efficient Tin Perovskite Solar Cells.

Tin perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a highly promising lead-free alternative, attracting significant research interest owing to their reduced toxicity and excellent optoelectronic characteristics. However, their photovoltaic performance is severely restrained by the uncontrollable crystallization process and the resultant high defect density in the perovskite films. To address these issues, two acetamide derivatives, i.

Research on highly sensitive detection technology of nitrite based on a novel colorimetric fluorescent probe.

Nitrite (NO), a natural component of the nitrogen cycle, poses significant risks to both ecosystems and human health when present as a pollutant. Hence, it is essential to develop detection methods with high selectivity, sensitivity, and rapid response for measuring nitrite levels in water. This study introduces a novel colorimetric fluorescent probe PQ-N, which specifically recognizes NO in diverse environments including water, soil, and food.

Imaging hypoxia for head and neck cancer: current status, challenges, and prospects.

Hypoxia can substantially impact clinical outcomes in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) by promoting tumor invasion, metastasis, immune escape, and therapy resistance. Given the growing interest in targeting hypoxia for cancer therapy, noninvasive methods are needed to accurately detect hypoxia and evaluate the tumor response to treatment. This review summarizes recent advances in hypoxia-targeted probes and imaging techniques, emphasizing their imaging mechanisms, strengths, and limitations.

The Femoral Neck-Shaft Offset: A Key Element in the Reconstruction of Intertrochanteric Fracture.

Background: Anteromedial cortex reduction and accurate placement of the cephalomedullary nail is the key point to confront implant failure of intertrochanteric fractures. Existing intramedullary nails cannot compensate for femoral neck-shaft offset (FNSO), potentially undermining surgical outcome. This study aimed to investigate the effect of FNSO on anteromedial cortex reduction and accurate placement of the cephalomedullary nail for intertrochanteric fractures.

Balloon-Assisted Traction Removal of a Fractured Catheter in the Distal Tibial Artery.

Objective: A patient with fractured catheter in the distal tibial artery was successfully retrieved using balloon-assisted traction.

Key Steps: 1) Detect the fracture and dislodgement of the catheter; 2) under fluoroscopy, identify the route of dislodgement; 3) confirming the catheter had dislodged into the right lower limb, perform arterial angiography via puncture of a contralateral artery; 4) advance a guidewire through the fractured catheter, traversing its midsection to the distal end; 5) pass 1.5-mm Maverick balloon over the catheter and inflate it to 16 atm; and 6) secure and carefully retrieve the catheter.

Evaluating the effects of liraglutide, empagliflozin and linagliptin on mild cognitive impairment remission in patients with type 2 diabetes (LIGHT-MCI): study protocol for a multicentre, randomised controlled trial with an extension phase.

Introduction: Diabetes is a significant modifiable risk factor for cognitive dysfunction. There are currently no effective treatments that delay or reverse the progression of cognitive dysfunction. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that specific antidiabetes medications hold promise in improving cognitive function.

Assessing the quality of myopia prevention videos on Chinese short video platforms: a cross-sectional content analysis by source.

Objectives: The prevalence of myopia has been rising, whereas prevention efforts have shown limited success. Educational short videos have become crucial sources for health information; however, their quality regarding myopia prevention is uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the quality and content of short videos on myopia prevention disseminated via major Chinese short video platforms and compare content differences between healthcare professionals and non-professional creators.

3D-Printed Hydrogel Scaffolds with Sandwich Architecture for Multimodal Therapy of Postoperative Osteosarcoma.

Surgical resection combined with adjuvant chemotherapy represents the primary therapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma, yet significant challenges remain in preventing postoperative tumor recurrence and drug resistance. Herein, an engineered sandwich-structured hydrogel scaffold (sandwich/MTO-CuHCF) loading copper hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles (CuHCF) and mitoxantrone (MTO) with multimodal therapy was developed by using in situ stacked 3D-printing technology. The sandwich architecture provided distinct compartmentalization of therapeutic agents, thereby mitigating the risk of physicochemical incompatibility.