Formation of breccia pipes associated with a hydrogen-rich hydrothermal system on the east Caroline plate in the West Pacific.

A large hydrothermal field at depths >4300 meters was found on the east Caroline plate in the western Pacific Ocean. Here, we show that large hydrothermal pipes with steep walls and breccia-dominated bottoms suggest explosions of billion metric tons of TNT (trinitrotoluene) equivalent. More than 800 short-duration seismic events were detected within 28 days along a 150-kilometer profile, indicating widespread ongoing explosive gas release.

Do Family Physicians' Recommendations for Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccines Impact the Elderly Aged ≥60 Years? A Cross-Sectional Study in Six Chinese Cities.

: Influenza vaccine and pneumococcal vaccine are essential to protect the health of older adults. This study focuses on the impact of family physicians' recommendations on influenza and pneumococcal vaccine uptake among urban Chinese older adults and makes recommendations for improving vaccination rates. : A cross-sectional survey on influenza vaccination and pneumonia vaccination was conducted in December 2024 in six cities in China among adults aged ≥60 years.

Unveiling CTRB2, RSPO3, KLOTB, and ROR1 as obesity-pancreatic disease association proteins: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Obesity is recognized as a prominent contributing factor for pancreatic diseases; however, the mechanisms remain elusive. We aimed to identify the mediating role of circulating proteins in these associations.

Methods: A two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) was conducted to investigate associations between nine obesity indicators, thousands of circulating proteins, with three pancreatic diseases (acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatic carcinoma).

Metal-Organic Framework-Remodeled Gut Microbiota Alleviates Colonic Inflammation via Selective Modulation of .

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is marked by severe colonic inflammation and oxidative stress-induced tissue damage, often accompanied by gut microbiota dysbiosis. Probiotics have recently been recognized as promising therapeutic agents for IBD. Herein, we examined the modulatory effects of orally administered metal-organic framework (MOF) nanozyme MOF-818 on gut microbiota in a mouse model of IBD.

Adenovirus Nanoparticles Displaying RBD Induce a Protective Immune Response Against BA.5 in Mice.

Introduction: Adenovirus (Ad) vectors demonstrated significant efficacy as vaccine vectors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hexon is the major capsid protein, and multiple hypervariable regions (HVRs) have been used for displaying exogenous antigens and inducing a strong antibody responses.

Methods: We utilized SpyCatcher/SpyTag technology to incorporate SpyTag into HVR2, 4, and 7 of the hexon of the bivalent vaccine strain rAd3/7, respectively, to construct recombinant Ad, rAd3/7-SpyTag.

The DRP1 inhibitory peptide P110 provides neuroprotection after subarachnoid hemorrhage by suppressing neuronal apoptosis and stabilizing the blood-brain barrier.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are key pathological features of early brain injury (EBI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Increasing evidence highlights mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) as central regulators of ER proteostasis and mitochondrial quality control. Given the dual role of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) in modulating MAMs integrity and mitochondrial dynamics, we hypothesized that pharmacological inhibition of DRP1 would exert neuroprotective effects in SAH by preserving inter-organelle communication and restoring mitochondrial bioenergetics.

A telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) provides insights into QTL mapping of bolting traits.

Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is an important cruciferous root vegetable, with bolting regulated by multiple genes; however, the genetic mechanisms underlying bolting regulation remain unclear. Here, the genome of the cultivar C60213 is assembled into a high-quality, gap-free telomere-to-telomere structure, spanning nine chromosomes and totaling 472.

Non-invasive acoustic classification of adult asthma using an XGBoost model with vocal biomarkers.

Traditional diagnostic methods for asthma, a widespread chronic respiratory illness, are often limited by factors such as patient cooperation with spirometry. Non-invasive acoustic analysis using machine learning offers a promising alternative for objective diagnosis by analyzing vocal characteristics. This study aimed to develop and validate a robust classification model for adult asthma using acoustic features from the vocalized /ɑː/ sound.

The role of gut microbes in drought adaptation in the five-toed jerboa (Orientallactaga sibirica).

Unlabelled: The composition of the gut microbiota of animals is closely linked to host health and environmental adaptability. It can increase the phenotypic plasticity of animals, thereby improving their ability to thrive in harsh environments. The five-toed jerboa () is widely distributed in various regions, particularly in western Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang, which are located in the arid western part of China, and is capable of tolerating an arid environment.

Assessing the role of endothelium-protective drugs: Functional and molecular insights into chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension derived endothelial cells.

Introduction: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is characterized by the presence of organized clots obstructing the pulmonary arteries. Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is the standard treatment, but in cases of inoperability, Riociguat, a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator, is the only approved pharmacological option. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) plays a central role, with the NO/sGC/cGMP pathway being critically involved.

Harnessing mRNA for heart health: a new era in cardiovascular treatment.

mRNA serves as a versatile platform for the expression of paracrine factors, thereby promoting cardioprotection and regeneration. In recent years, mRNA and gene editing technologies have emerged as innovative tools for tackling complex diseases. Among these, mRNA therapeutics offer distinct advantages, including favorable immunological properties, strong safety profiles, and superior flexibility compared to conventional gene-based vaccines.

Illegitimate tasks, overqualification, organizational obstruction, and workplace deviance among nurses: A two-wave cross-sectional survey.

Background: Illegitimate tasks - defined as duties that violate professional role norms and identity - are increasingly acknowledged as stressors in clinical environments. Although existing theories such as Stress-as-Offense-to-Self and social exchange theory emphasize emotional responses, they insufficiently explain the cognitive pathways leading to deviant behaviors among nursing staff. Grounded in social information processing theory, this study proposes a cognitive mechanism linking illegitimate tasks to workplace deviance via perceived organizational obstruction, encompassing three stages: encoding of task characteristics, interpretation of organizational signals, and selection of behavioral responses.

Chemical and mechanical modifications of flexible metal-organic frameworks for enhancing photocatalysis.

Postsynthetic modification (PSM) has been widely employed to enhance the functionality of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for applications such as gas storage, light harvesting, and catalysis. However, the critical role of framework flexibility in enabling diverse modification pathways and influencing framework properties remains underexplored. In this work, we demonstrate that flexible MOFs offer unique advantages for PSM, using the flexible PCN-128 as a platform for both chemical and mechanical modifications to enhance photocatalytic CO reduction activity.

Host-microbiota interactions in genitourinary cancer immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy for genitourinary cancer, including bladder cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and prostate cancer, has made significant progress in recent years; however, it still faces challenges such as low patient response rates, drug resistance and immune-related adverse events. As the "second genome" of the human body, the gut microbiota plays a key factor in modulating the host immune response. Studies have shown that host-microbiome interactions profoundly affect the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors by shaping the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME).

Biomechanical Modeling, Muscle Synergy-Based Rehabilitation Assessment, and Real-Time Fatigue Monitoring for Piano-Integrated Upper Limb Therapy.

Piano-based occupational therapy has emerged as an engaging and effective rehabilitation strategy for improving upper limb motor functions. However, a lack of comprehensive biomechanical modeling, objective rehabilitation assessment, and real-time fatigue monitoring has limited its clinical optimization. This study developed a comprehensive "key-finger-exoskeleton" biomechanical model based on Hill-type muscle dynamics and rigid-body kinematics.

Dissecting Cellular Diversity in Paracrine Signaling with Single-Cell Secretion Profiling.

Paracrine signaling is a pivotal biological process facilitating intercellular communication; however, the absence of methodologies enabling concurrent profiling of heterogeneous paracrine mediators with single-cell resolution hampers the mechanistic understanding of this regulatory paradigm. Here, we developed a spatially patterned antibody barcode microchip for high-throughput mapping of paracrine mediators, including cytokines, chemokines, and extracellular vesicles (EVs), facilitating systematic decoding of homotypic and heterotypic paracrine interaction networks. Applying this platform, we investigated cell-number-dependent secretion dynamics in three human cell models: THP-1 macrophages, HMC3 microglia, and SH-SY5Y neurons.

Circulating Protein Mediators Linking Genetically Predicted Smoking to Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: A Genomic-Proteomic Analysis.

Background: Smoking is a well-established risk factor for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). However, the molecular pathways underlying this relationship remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify circulating protein mediators that may explain the association between smoking and AAA.

Helicobacter pylori Infection and Eradication in Relation to Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

Background And Aim: The effect of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and eradication on the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is still unclear.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review with a comprehensive literature search in the bibliographic databases Embase, Medline, and Cochrane Library through May 2024.

Long-term Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Omicron COVID-19 and Elevated Cardiac Biomarkers: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study in Shanghai, China.

The long-term cardiovascular outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 omicron-infected patients remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate acute and long-term cardiovascular risks in hospitalized omicron-infected patients with elevated cardiac biomarkers. We included 3012 patients hospitalized in Shanghai, China, between December 1, 2022, and January 31, 2023.

Development and Validation of the Care Risk Perception Scale (CRPS) for Caregivers of Older Adults With Dementia in Long-Term Care Facilities.

Objectives: Global aging has increased the demand for long-term care facilities (LTCFs) for older adults with dementia. This challenge is further exacerbated by systemic barriers such as insufficient infrastructure and a shortage of trained caregivers within LTCFs. These limitations heighten care risks for vulnerable populations and underscore the urgent need for tools to evaluate caregivers' risk perceptions-a critical determinant of safety practices.

Cross-population GWAS and proteomics improve risk prediction and reveal mechanisms in atrial fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia with strong genetic components, yet its underlying molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets remain incompletely understood. We conducted a cross-population genome-wide meta-analysis of 168,007 AF cases and identified 525 loci that met genome-wide significance. Two loci of PITX2 and ZFHX3 genes were identified as shared across populations of different ancestries.

Thermal Crystal-to-Crystal Transformation Unlocks TiO(OOC)-Cluster-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Titanium-based metal-organic frameworks (Ti-MOFs) are promising photocatalysts, yet their development has been constrained by the limited diversity of Ti-oxo clusters successfully incorporated into MOFs under solvothermal conditions. Herein, we demonstrate a thermal solid-state synthetic strategy to access new Ti-MOFs (MIL-125-HT series) featuring TiO(OOC) clusters the crystal-to-crystal transformation of MIL-125 and its functionalized derivatives. Controlled thermal treatment of MIL-125 induces dehydration and rearrangement of the original TiO(OH)(OOC) clusters while preserving crystallinity and the framework topology.

Is it advisable for Asians to drink milk, especially those at risk of osteoporosis?

Osteoporosis poses a significant health challenge globally, with particularly high rates anticipated in the Asian region in the forthcoming years. This region has been identified as a potential hotspot for increasing incidences of osteoporosis. Unfortunately, the Asian population has a low consumption of milk and dairy products, which may exacerbate this situation.

Characterization of Pulmonary Sclerosing Pneumocytoma Assessed by F-FDG PET/CT.

Background: This study evaluated the presentation of pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) in F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) with the aim of increasing awareness of the disease.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on 46 PSP patients who had F-FDG PET/CT before surgery or pathological examination from January 2011 to December 2023. The F-FDG PET/CT manifestations of PSP were summarized, and the correlation between the maximum diameter of the tumor and PET metabolic parameters was analyzed, including the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV), the mean SUV (SUV), the peak SUV (SUV), metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG).