Molecular Simulation and Artificial Intelligence for the Circular Economy of Bioenergy and Bioproducts.

The concept of the circular bioeconomy is a carbon neutral, sustainable system with zero waste. One vision for such an economy is based upon lignocellulosic biomass. This lignocellulosic circular bioeconomy requires CO absorption from biomass growth and the efficient deconstruction of recalcitrant biomass into solubilized and fractionated biopolymers which are then used as precursors for the sustainable production of high-quality liquid fuels, chemical bioproducts and bio-based materials.

Huangkui capsules for diabetic nephropathy: Comprehensive review of efficacy and molecular mechanisms.

Background: The management of kidney diseases urgently needs additional therapeutic options. Encouraging evidence suggests the efficacy of Huangkui capsules (HKCs), a plant-derived traditional medicine, in treating various subtypes of nephropathy. However, current evidence is fragmented between clinical outcomes and mechanistic insights.

In Situ Electrochemical Oxidation for High-Energy-Density Aqueous Batteries: Mechanisms, Materials, and Prospects.

To advance the commercial utilization of aqueous electrochemical devices for grid-scale energy storage, it is crucial to address the current limitations related to energy density and cycle stability. Indeed, the lack of high-performance cathodes is still an obstructive issue, not to mention the limited capacities related to the monotonic cation intercalation/deintercalation mechanism. Fortunately, conversion chemistries with redox reactions bring a new dimension, where materials with multiple valence states facilitate multi-electron redox reactions, offering the potential for high-energy-density storage.

[Expression of Concern] S100A8‑targeting siRNA enhances arsenic trioxide‑induced myeloid leukemia cell death by down‑regulating autophagy.

Following the publication of this paper, it was drawn to the Editor's attention by a concerned reader that, for the western blots shown in Fig. 4C, the two left lanes in the 'Fibrillarin' gel slice appeared to be strikingly similar to the mirrored two right lanes in the 'Actin' gel slice, albeit the orientations of the blots were horizontally reversed, such that data which were intended to have shown the results of differently performed experiments appeared to have been derived from the same original source. Moreover, the control β-actin blots featured in Fig.

Exploring the Risk Factors of Rosacea Exacerbation Associated with COVID-19 Infection or Vaccination: A Cross-sectional Study.

COVID-19 can affect the skin, with rosacea flare-ups reported after infection or vaccination. This study compared rosacea patients with and without post-COVID-19 exacerbation to identify contributing factors. A customized electronic questionnaire was administered to rosacea patients, gathering COVID-19 infection/vaccination status, demographics, and rosacea features.

Nanopolysaccharide Builder: A User-Friendly Tool for Atomistic Models of Polysaccharide-Based Nanostructures.

We introduce , a user-friendly software tool designed to construct polysaccharide nanostructures─mainly those based on cellulose, chitin, and chitosan─using experimental data or user-defined parameters. NPB enables the generation of cellulose and chitin allomorphs with customizable biochemical topologies and also facilitates the construction of large bundles that replicate nanostructures found in biological support systems, including plant cell walls and arthropod cuticles. The software outputs atomic Cartesian coordinates in Protein Data Bank (PDB) format and also provides atom connectivity files in PSF and PARM formats, ensuring seamless integration with major molecular dynamics (MD) engines such as NAMD, CHARMM, GROMACS, AMBER, OpenMM, and LAMMPS.

From gut microbial ecology to lipid homeostasis: Decoding the role of gut microbiota in dyslipidemia pathogenesis and intervention.

Dyslipidemia, a complex disorder characterized by systemic lipid profile abnormalities, affects more than half of adults globally and constitutes a major modifiable risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Mounting evidence has established the gut microbiota (GM) as a pivotal metabolic modulator that is correlated with atherogenic lipid profiles through dietary biotransformation, immunometabolic regulation, and bioactive metabolite signaling. However, the host-microbe interactions that drive dyslipidemia pathogenesis involve complex gene-environment crosstalk spanning epigenetic modifications to circadian entrainment.

A Stability-Aware Dual-Head Network with Prototype-Based Consistency for Semi-Supervised Medical Image Segmentation.

Semi-supervised semantic segmentation for medical images has evolved through time. While it can leverage the unlabeled data to significantly improve the segmentation performance, it still suffers the problems of intra-class variance and the consequent class-domain distribution misalignment along with costly training. In this paper, a stability-aware dual-head architecture is proposed to synergize prototype-based and Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) methodologies.

Improvement of Objectivity and Accuracy in Cervical Disc Degeneration Grade Assessment Using Imaging Parameters: A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study.

Study DesignA cross-sectional retrospective study.ObjectivesThis study aims to analyze the correlation between cervical disc degeneration grade and cervical imaging parameters and improve grade assessment objectivity and accuracy under the Miyazaki disc degeneration grading system.MethodsCervical disc degeneration was graded using the Miyazaki disc degeneration grading system.

Qingqiao polyphenols improve DSS induced ulcerative colitis in mice by inhibiting NLRP3/AIM2 inflammasome mediated pyroptosis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Qingqiao is a traditional Chinese medicine widely used for its heat-clearing, detoxifying, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Due to these therapeutic effects, it has been commonly employed in the treatment of intestinal inflammatory disorders in China.

Aims Of This Study: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Qingqiao polyphenols (QP) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) and elucidate the underlying mechanisms, particularly the roles of NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes in regulating pyroptosis.

Medical costs and related factors associated with mental disorders in Jilin Province, China, 2020-2022.

Background: Mental disorders are a major cause of the economic burden of disease worldwide, and in China, mental disorders consume a large amount of health care resources and impose a heavy economic burden on society, families, and individuals. The aim of this study was to analyze the medical costs associated with mental disorders in Jilin Province, China, and the related factors affecting medical costs.

Methods: Patients were selected by multistage stratified cluster random sampling.

Effective Management of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales Bloodstream Infection with Organ Dissemination in Prolonged Severe Agranulocytosis Patients with Hematological Malignancy Through Combination Therapies Including Eravacycline.

This study reports three patients with hematologic malignancy patients and Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) bloodstream infections and organ dissemination during neutropenia. After failed conventional therapy, a novel "through Combination therapies including eravacycline" regimen achieved fever control within 10 days and lesion resolution by 20 days approximately, demonstrating breakthrough efficacy for CRE bacteremia management.

Roles of C-reactive protein and its composite index in predicting acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis.

Background: Acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis is a critical driver of hospitalization and mortality, yet reliable biomarkers for predicting the frequency of adverse events (AEs) remain underexplored. C-reactive protein (CRP) and its composite indices (CAR: CRP/albumin ratio; CPR: CRP/prealbumin ratio) may reflect systemic inflammation and nutritional status.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the ability of the CRP level, CAR, and CPR to predict the frequency of acute exacerbation among bronchiectasis patients.

Application and research progress of tranexamic acid in the perioperative period of posterior lumbar interbody fusion.

Posterior lumbar interbody fusion requires stripping the multifidus muscle, destroying a large amount of cancellous bone and damaging the posterior spinal venous plexus. Typically, surgical trauma is extensive, the surgical duration is long, and the degree of bleeding is substantial. Excessive blood loss can compromise a patient's hemodynamic stability, elevate surgical risks, and cause damage to vital organs, potentially becoming life-threatening in severe cases.

Targeting of the CD161 Inhibitory Receptor Enhances Bone-Marrow-Resident Memory CD8 T-Cell-Mediated Immunity against Multiple Myeloma.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the treatment of many solid tumors. Still, their effectiveness in multiple myeloma (MM) remains underwhelming, highlighting the need to explore alternative approaches beyond conventional ICIs. Here, CD161 is identified as a novel inhibitory receptor on bone marrow (BM) tissue resident memory CD8 T cells (CD8 TRM), known for their sustained presence and vital role in local immune surveillance in MM BM tumor microenvironments.

Associations between perceived stress profiles, social connection and work engagement in clinical registered nurses: a mediation analysis and generalized additive models.

Background: Investigating the links between individual perceived stress, social connection, and work involvement plays a crucial role in enhancing the psychological health and overall well-being of clinical nurses, as well as elevating the quality of nursing care in clinical settings. This study incorporates the concepts of social connection and work engagement. By considering the potential heterogeneity of variables and applying a mediation model, we identified the influence pathways through which subgroups of perceived stress affect social connection and work engagement.

Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Solvent-Dependent Cellulose Nanofiber Interactions.

Associations between cellulose are important both in biofuel production and in the use of cellulose for biomaterials. Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) are sustainable, strong, light-weight alternatives to traditional materials in manufacturing, but are challenging to obtain due to irreversible aggregation in solution during preparative fibrillation. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the underlying factors driving aggregation with a view to designing solvents that can effectively compete with inter-fiber interactions, hence reducing aggregation.

Cellulose-based aerogel fibers with enhanced mechanical properties for thermal insulation and humidity response.

Aerogel fibers have emerged as ideal materials for thermal insulation, due to the high porosity, low thermal conductivity, and unique nano-gel network structure. However, they typically suffer from poor mechanical properties and limited functionality. Herein, bacterial cellulose/graphene oxide (BC/GO) aerogel fibers were prepared via wet-spinning with surface modification by polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA).

The natural compound stachyose targets SGLT2-mediated metabolic reprogramming to ameliorate diabetic kidney disease.

Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease with no curative treatment currently available. Aberrant metabolic reprogramming in renal tubular epithelial cells contributes to renal fibrosis in DKD. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) is upregulated in DKD and plays a central role in promoting metabolic dysfunction.

Bioequivalence Study of Two Formulations of Flunarizine Hydrochloride Capsules in Healthy Chinese Subjects Under Fasting and Fed Conditions.

Background And Objectives: Flunarizine, a selective calcium channel blocker with vasodilatory and neuroprotective effects, is a mainstay for migraine prophylaxis and vertigo management. This study aimed to compare the bioequivalence, pharmacokinetics, and safety of test and reference flunarizine hydrochloride capsules after a single oral dose under fasting/fed conditions.

Methods: A randomized, open-label, two-formulation, single-dose, two-period crossover bioequivalence study was conducted under fasting and fed conditions.

Roadmap for Next-Generation Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies: Secondary Batteries and Supercapacitors.

The transition from fossil fuels to environmentally friendly renewable energy sources is crucial for achieving global initiatives such as the carbon peak and carbon neutrality. The use of secondary batteries and supercapacitors based on electrochemical energy storage principles provides high energy density, conversion efficiency, and rapid response times, offering essential solutions for stabilizing and ensuring the reliability of energy supply from renewable sources despite their intermittency. In recent years, increased demands for higher energy density, improved rate performance, longer cycle life, enhanced safety, and cost-effectiveness have driven researchers to delve deeper into electrode materials, electrolytes, and storage mechanisms in secondary batteries.

Atomic Compartmentalization of Quaternary Metals in Thin Single-Crystal PBA Nanocages Enables Superior CO-to-Syngas Photoreduction.

Conventional multimetallic catalysts, often characterized by randomly mixed metals, tend to exhibit competing interactions and ambiguously defined active sites due to poorly understood synergistic effects. Herein, this challenge is surmounted through atomic compartmentalization, achieving precise organization of Co, Cu, Mn, and Fe into role-specific atomic niches within ultrathin (8 nm) single-crystalline nanocages. Advanced characterization reveals a hierarchical synergy: Co serves as the primary CO reduction site, while Fe stabilizes the framework via robust Fe─CN─Co coordination.

Advances in cfDNA research for pregnancy-related diseases.

Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) comprises extracellular DNA fragments released into bodily fluids through cellular processes such as apoptosis, necrosis, and active secretion. Alterations in cfDNA concentration, fragmentation patterns, and molecular characteristics under physiological and pathological conditions, including pregnancy-related disorders, have established its value as a minimally invasive biomarker for early disease detection and clinical monitoring. Due to the availability of non- or minimally-invasive and scalable detection platforms with high sensitivity and specificity, cfDNA has emerged as a powerful tool in maternal-fetal medicine.