Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Enhance Oxaliplatin Resistance in Colorectal Cancer Cells via Paracrine IL-6: An In Vitro Study.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) often develops resistance to oxaliplatin (L-OHP), a key chemotherapeutic agent. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment are implicated in chemoresistance, but their role in L-OHP resistance via interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion remains unclear.

Objectives: The presnt study investigated how CAFs contribute to L-OHP resistance in CRC, focusing on IL-6 secretion and its impact on cancer cell survival.

From non-coding RNAs to cancer regulators: The fascinating world of micropeptides.

Micropeptides are commonly identified as peptides encoded by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). In the short open reading frame (sORF) of ncRNAs, there is a base sequence encoding functional micropeptides, which is of great significance in the biological field. Recently, micropeptides regulate diverse processes, including mitochondrial metabolism, calcium transport, mRNA splicing, signal transduction, myocyte fusion, and cellular senescence, regulating the homeostasis of the internal environment and cancer's incidence and progression.

Polarization-insensitive narrowband reflective wavefront manipulation through all-dielectric anisotropic subwavelength structures.

Local metasurfaces provide high flexibility in shaping wavefronts but suffer from poor frequency selectivity. Here, we numerically present a reflective all-dielectric metasurface platform achieving simultaneous local phase control and spectral filtering: it reshapes the wavefront at a specific wavelength while spatially separating it from other wavelengths without requiring additional optics. The highly efficient phase control is inherently linked to the high polarization conversion ratio (PCR), ensured by a silicon nanoblock as a narrowband reflective half-wave plate through fundamental Mie resonances.

Enhancing phase modulation and group delay in reflective Huygens metasurfaces via a Fabry-Perot cavity.

Huygens metasurfaces exhibit excellent optical properties such as 2π phase modulation and slow light effects. However, they face challenges including wide bandwidth and low group delay due to their high radiation losses. Here, we propose a reflective Huygens metasurface coupled with an F-P cavity.

Nonlinear absorption conversion of epsilon-near-zero multilayer metamaterial at optical frequencies.

Modern all-optical logic switches demand selective, precise, and rapid transmission of optical information. In this study, we investigate an epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) metamaterial composed of silver (Ag) and magnesium fluoride (MgF), which demonstrates a low conversion threshold, strong nonlinear response, and nonlinear absorption conversion. Particularly noteworthy is its highest nonlinear absorption (β≈-2 × 10cm/GW) occurring at the ENZ point (695 nm) under deposited condition.

Antioxidant response fail to rescue growth of Hermetia illucens L. larvae induced by copper accumulated during long-term exposure.

Antioxidant indices and hemocytes apoptosis in the 6th instar larvae of Hermetia illucens., and their correlation with larval growth were evaluated by exposing larvae to different concentrations of Cu for 1, 3 and 5 generations. Cu accumulated in larval hemolymph showed significant dose-dependent relationship with Cu concentrations in diets within a generation.

East meets west: integrating Yin-Yang theory with immunology teaching.

This perspective article delves into a novel integration of Yin-Yang theory-an ancient Chinese philosophical cornerstone-with the sophisticated realm of immunology. Given the intricate concepts inherent in immunology, many students find it challenging to comprehend the delicate mechanisms governing immune equilibrium and regulation. Given the deep-rooted understanding of Yin-Yang theory among Chinese students, we advocate for an educational strategy that contextualizes the concept of immune equilibrium within the framework of Yin-Yang, thereby offering a more intuitive and engaging learning experience.

Plasma extracellular vesicles proteomics in meningioma patients.

Tumor derived Extracellular vesicles (EVs) in circulating system may contain tumor-specific markers, and EV detection in body fluids could become an important tool for early tumor diagnosis, prognosis assessment. Meningiomas are the most common benign intracranial tumors, few studies have revealed specific protein markers for meningiomas from patients' body fluids. In this study, using proximity labeling technology and non-tumor patient plasma as a control, we detected protein levels of EVs in plasma samples from meningioma patients before and after surgery.

Adaptive resistance of tumor cells to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy: A reversible phenomenon.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibition is an essential targeted strategy for malignant tumors, but its efficacy is severely constrained by drug resistance. The traditional view holds that the target of VEGF inhibition is endothelial cells, and thus compensatory angiogenesis is considered the main mechanism of drug resistance. In this study, we found that tumor cells themselves could develop acquired resistance to VEGF therapy, indicating an independent resistance mechanism apart from angiogenesis.

Reversibly reconfigurable GSST metasurface for broadband beam steering and achromatic focusing in the long-wave infrared.

Active optical metasurfaces promise compact, lightweight, and energy-efficient optical systems with unprecedented performance. Chalcogenide phase-change material GeSbSeTe (GSST) has shown tremendous advantages in the design of mid-infrared active metasurfaces. However, most of the GSST-based active metasurfaces can only work efficiently within a narrow frequency range.

Colloidal self-assembly based ultrathin metasurface for perfect absorption across the entire visible spectrum.

Perfect absorption over the entire visible spectrum can create a dark background for acquiring images with high contrast and improved resolution, which is crucial for various applications such as medical imaging, biological detection, and industrial non-destructive testing. The broadband absorption is desired to be achieved in an ultrathin structure for low noise as well as high integration. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a metasurface broadband perfect absorber with an ultrathin thickness of 148 nm and a large area of ∼10 cm.

C12orf59 Promotes Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression YAP-Mediated Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition.

C12orf59 is a novel gene widely expressed in diverse normal human tissues. Aberrant expression of C12orf59, which is involved in tumor progression, has been reported in a few types of cancer. However, its expression and biological function in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain largely unclear.

Programmable hierarchical plasmonic-photonic arrays laser-induced film dewetting.

Hierarchical and periodic nanostructures of dielectrics or metals are highly demanded for wide applications in optical, electrical, biological, and quantum devices. In this work, programmable plasmonic-photonic hierarchical nanostructures are fabricated using a facile and effective method with high controllability and stable reproducibility. The fabrication involves colloidal self-assembly, metal film deposition, and pulsed laser-induced dewetting in sequence for controllably pairing metal nanostructures on dielectric nanospheres in either large area or a local precision.

The Clinical Relevance and Tumor Promoting Function of C19orf10 in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma.

Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the most common primary renal neoplasms. Currently, there are few molecular indicators and therapeutic targets that can be used in diagnostic and prognostic assessment. In this study, we identified the C19orf10 expression in KIRC specimens and explored the diagnostic and prognostic value of C19orf10 in KIRC using TCGA and CPTAC database.

mTORC2/Rac1 Pathway Predisposes Cancer Aggressiveness in Mutated Glioma.

Isocitrate dehydrogenase () mutations are common genetic abnormalities in lower grade gliomas. The neomorphic enzyme activity of IDH mutants leads to tumor formation through epigenetic alteration, dysfunction of dioxygenases, and metabolic reprogramming. However, it remains elusive as to how IDH mutants regulate the pathways associated with oncogenic transformation and aggressiveness.

MicroRNA‑124 negatively regulates chloride intracellular channel 1 to suppress the migration and invasion of liver cancer cells.

The dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is associated with the development and progression of a variety of cancers, including liver cancer. Aberrant expression of miRNA (miR)‑124 has been demonstrated in liver cancer, but its functional mechanism in liver cancer is still largely unknown. Metastasis of liver cancer is one of the most common causes of mortality.

Combination of PARP inhibitor and temozolomide to suppress chordoma progression.

Chordoma, a malignant bone cancer, is highly resistant to conventional therapeutic approaches; this greatly limits radio- and chemotherapeutic options and disease management. In the present study, we investigated three patient-derived chordoma cell lines to elucidate the molecular mechanism of resistance to therapeutics. An in vitro high-throughput chemical screening assay and an in vivo xenograft model were used to identify novel chemosensitizers for chordoma.