Formation of breccia pipes associated with a hydrogen-rich hydrothermal system on the east Caroline plate in the West Pacific.

A large hydrothermal field at depths >4300 meters was found on the east Caroline plate in the western Pacific Ocean. Here, we show that large hydrothermal pipes with steep walls and breccia-dominated bottoms suggest explosions of billion metric tons of TNT (trinitrotoluene) equivalent. More than 800 short-duration seismic events were detected within 28 days along a 150-kilometer profile, indicating widespread ongoing explosive gas release.

Protective effect of astragalus polysaccharides against sodium fluoride-induced liver injury: A comprehensive study based on network pharmacology, metabolomics, and transcriptomics.

Fluoride, a water-soluble environmental contaminant, poses significant risks to hepatic health due to long-term excessive intake, yet effective interventions for NaF-induced liver injury remain limited. Astragalus polysaccharides (APS), the principal bioactive component of Astragalus membranaceus, exhibit immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, and have been shown to protect against alcohol- and chemical-induced liver injury. This study employed animal experiments and integrative multi-omics (network pharmacology, transcriptomics, metabolomics) to investigate the protective mechanisms of APS against NaF toxicity in rats.

Enhanced insights into immunity traits of elderly patients in the intensive care unit with infections: evidence from a multicenter, prospective observational study.

Background: Infections, particularly sepsis, are a global health threat and a leading cause of mortality among elderly patients (≥ 60 years) in intensive care units (ICUs). The variable immune responses in this vulnerable population warrant deeper investigation.

Methods: This multicenter prospective study included elderly patients with infections admitted to the ICUs of four hospitals between May 2023 and October 2024.

From Mechanisms to Therapy: Exploring the Role of Ferroptosis in Cervical Cancer Transformation and Treatment.

Cervical cancer (CC) exerts a considerable impact on women's health worldwide and presents persistent challenges to conventional therapeutic strategies due to its propensity for distant metastasis, postoperative recurrence, and variable drug resistance. Ferroptosis, a recently identified type of programmed cell death, offers promising potential for a therapeutic approach for CC. This paper reviews the regulatory processes involved in ferroptosis, including the sequential events leading to cell membrane rupture via lipid peroxidation and the changes in ferroptosis sensitivity as cervical cells progress from a healthy to a malignant condition.

Cantharidin-induced enterotoxicity: A molecular insight into intestinal barrier breakdown.

Ethnophamacological Relevance: Cantharidin (CTD), a terpenoid from Mylabris beetles, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for cancer treatment ("using toxicity to combat toxicity"), but its clinical use is limited by unclear enterotoxicity mechanisms. This study integrates omics and traditional toxicology to decode its intestinal injury mechanisms in the context of traditional applications.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to study the damage of CTD to the intestine and preliminarily explore its potential.

Lupus hepatitis as the primary cause: a retrospective analysis of liver biopsy in systemic lupus erythematosus with unexplained liver function abnormalities from two centers in Southern China.

Objective: To assess the clinical utility and safety of liver biopsy in diagnosing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with unexplained liver function abnormalities. Additionally, this study aims to deeply explore the etiological spectrum of such SLE cases.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the pathological results and clinical characteristics of SLE patients who underwent liver biopsy due to liver function abnormalities in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College from June 2017 to December 2023.

Rapid and actionable nasal-swab screening supports antimicrobial stewardship in patients with pneumonia: a prospective study.

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal screening by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a rapid diagnostic tool with a high negative predictive value for pneumonia caused by MRSA. MRSA remains an important emerging pathogen in China and at present, there is little published data on the effect of rapid MRSA test results on antibiotic utilization for pneumonia.

Methods: A total of 300 inpatients who met the criteria of pneumonia in a tertiary general hospital were randomly assigned to a notification group (NG, n = 150) or a control group (CG, n = 150).

The longitudinal association between depressive and anxious symptoms and functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) in children and adolescents: A mediation via emotion dysregulation.

Objective: The sequential association between depressive/anxious symptoms and FAPDs in youths, and the mediation of emotion dysregulation in the above association, remains inconclusive. We aim to fill these knowledge gaps in the current study.

Methods: A three-wave longitudinal study with 5018 subjects aged 11-17 years was conducted in southwest China.

Identification of a key smooth muscle cell subset driving ischemic cardiomyopathy progression through single-cell RNA sequencing.

Cardiomyopathy encompasses a range of diseases that severely affect the complex functions of the heart, involving structural and functional abnormalities, and is associated with high mortality. Recent studies have highlighted the critical role of ferroptosis in regulating oxidative stress and inflammation in cardiomyopathy. In this study, we established that the C6 S100A4+ SMCs subpopulation is critical by performing an integrated single-cell analysis of the known publicly available data GSE145154.

Investigating the Protective Role of Astragalus Polysaccharides Against Fluoride-Induced Testicular Injury via Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and In Vivo Experiments.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) against sodium fluoride (NaF)-induced testicular damage and to provide a theoretical basis for developing natural strategies to mitigate fluoride-induced reproductive toxicity.

Methods: Network pharmacology was employed to identify potential targets and pathways of APS in treating fluoride-induced testicular injury. Molecular docking was used to assess the binding affinity between APS active compounds and core targets.

Childhood maltreatment and parenting style moderate the mediation of resilience in the continuity of anxious and depressive symptoms in Chinese children and adolescents.

Background: Existing studies suggest that resilience may play as a significant mediator in the continuity of depressive and anxious symptoms in youth, however, longitudinal evidence is lacking. Besides, whether childhood maltreatment (CM) and parenting styles significantly moderate this mediation of resilience has not been discussed before.

Methods: This population-based longitudinal study included 5218 participants from the Mental Health Survey for Children and Adolescents in Yunnan (MHSCAY), with a baseline survey (T) and 2 rounds of follow-up (T and T).

Genetic diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis of patients with cystic kidney disease in Southwest China.

Background: Cystic kidney disease is a heterogeneous chronic kidney disease. It is often difficult to make a definitive diagnosis based on clinical and ultrasound features alone.

Methods: A total of 40 families with cystic kidney disease from Southwest China to meet their genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis needs.

The sequential association between depression, anxiety, and functional constipation among Chinese children and adolescents: A mediation by resilience.

Background: The sequential associations between depression, anxiety and functional constipation (FC) in children and adolescents remain inadequately discussed. Existing evidence suggests that resilience might play a mediation in the above sequential associations, and this hypothesis has not been tested, especially through studies of prospective design.

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal study with two waves of surveys in December 2023 and three months later in March 2024, among a large, representative sample of Chinese children and adolescents aged 10-18 years, selected using a population-based probability sampling design in southwest China.

Psittacosis Combined With Central Nervous System Infection and Acute Cerebral Infarction: A Case Report Based on Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing.

Introduction: The diagnosis of psittacosis is still challenging due to the high risk of underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis. Here, we reported our diagnostic experience with psittacosis in combination with central nervous system (CNS) infection and acute cerebral infarction (CI).

Case Report: A 62-year-old gentleman presented to our department due to episodic vertigo for 4 hours.

An explainable multi-task deep learning framework for crash severity prediction using multi-source data.

Traffic accidents pose significant global challenges, causing substantial injuries, fatalities, and economic losses. Current research predominantly focuses on single-prediction objectives (e.g.

Transcriptional fingerprinting of regulatory T cells: ensuring quality in cell therapy applications.

Introduction: The success of regulatory T cell (Treg) therapies depends on the source of Treg and the quality of the Treg manufacturing product that maintains Treg identity. Commonly used methods to identify Treg, including assessment of FOXP3 expression and demethylation of the Treg-specific demethylated region (TSDR), may not be sufficient on their own to ensure that Treg cell therapy drug products have an optimal identity and phenotype prior to infusion into patients.

Methods: To address this critical need, we developed a robust framework to molecularly characterize Treg products using next-generation sequencing.

Prenatal Phenotype of a Heterozygous Missense CHD4 Variant in a Fetus With Widened Cerebral Subarachnoid Space, Increased Head Circumference and Polyhydramnios.

CHD4-associated Sifrim-Hitz-Weiss syndrome (SIHIWES) is an autosomal dominant intellectual developmental disorder. The postnatally clinical manifestations primarily include heart defects, macrocephaly, and hypotonia. We report a well-documented prenatal case of SIHIWES presenting with increased head circumference, polyhydramnios, and widened cerebral subarachnoid spaces.

Clinical value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in patients with connective tissue diseases co-infections: a single-center study from southern hospital in China.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the clinical value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs) co-infections, thereby establishing a foundation for early infection identification and the development of anti-infective regimens.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 304 CTD patients with suspected infections at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University between October 2020 and April 2024. The study compared the diagnostic efficacy between mNGS and conventional microbiological testing (CMT), examined pathogen detection rates across different periods and pathogen types, and evaluated the clinical outcomes of mNGS-guided antimicrobial regimen adjustments.

Second generation CD2-targeting LFA-3 fusion protein SBT115301 to restore immune homeostasis in autoimmune disease.

In autoimmunity, an imbalance of effector (T) and regulatory (T)T cells contributes to inflammation and tissue destruction. CD2, highly expressed on T and at lower levels on T and naive T cells (T), is an attractive target for depleting T at sites of inflammation. SBT115301 is a second generation CD2-targeting fusion protein containing the cognate receptor of CD2, lymphocyte function associated antigen-3 (LFA-3; CD58).

Perspectives of Chinese Adult Patients with Alopecia Areata on Janus Kinase Inhibitors Therapy: A Qualitative Analysis Based on Social Media Platforms.

Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is a common autoimmune disorder causing non-scarring hair loss. Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have emerged as a promising new treatment approach for AA. This study aimed to investigate the perspectives of Chinese adult AA patients on JAK inhibitor therapy through a qualitative analysis of social media discussions.

Interpretable machine learning models for predicting childhood myopia from school-based screening data.

This study assessed the efficacy of various diagnostic indicators and machine learning (ML) models in predicting childhood myopia. A total of 2,365 children aged 5-12 years were included in the study. The participants were exposed to non-cycloplegic and cycloplegic refraction tests, along with ocular biometric assessments.

Prenatal diagnosis of a compound heterozygous variation in the gene by trio-WES and imaging monitoring: a case report.

F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 4 (FBXL4) plays a crucial role in mitochondrial bioenergetics, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) maintenance, and mitochondrial dynamics. The variations in the gene can give rise to encephalomyopathy mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome-13 (MTDPS13) characterized by the reduction of mtDNA copy number, leading to deficiencies in mitochondrial functions, which is a serious and rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder. Patients with variations are usually diagnosed due to the emergence of symptoms in the early stages of life.