Complete genome sequences of strains Y and N, capable of conjugated diene biohydrogenation.

We report the complete genome sequences of two acetogenic strains, Y and N, isolated from river sediment. Under anaerobic acetogenic conditions, strain Y biohydrogenates isoprene, while strain N transforms 1,3-butadiene to 1-butene.

Augmentation of PRDX1-DOK3 interaction alleviates rheumatoid arthritis progression by suppressing plasma cell differentiation.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by persistent inflammation and joint damage, accompanied by the accumulation of plasma cells, which contributes to its pathogenesis. Understanding the genetic alterations occurring during plasma cell differentiation in RA can deepen our comprehension of its pathogenesis and guide the development of targeted therapeutic interventions. Here, our study elucidates the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying plasma cell differentiation by demonstrating that PRDX1 interacts with DOK3 and modulates its degradation by the autophagy-lysosome pathway.

A TLR7/8 agonist-chitosan conjugate as an adjuvant for carbohydrate-based anticancer vaccine development.

The TLR7/8 agonist imidazoquinoline (IMDQ), 1-(4-(amino-methyl)benzyl)-2-(ethoxymethyl)-1-imidazo[4,5-]quinolin-4-amine, conjugated to chitosan was found to be a superior adjuvant to aluminum salts for vaccination against tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens.

Classifying brain metastases originating from different pathological subtypes of lung cancer via a multimodal magnetic resonance imaging-based deep learning approach.

Background: The prompt, efficient, and noninvasive classification of brain metastases (BMs) originating from different pathological subtypes of lung cancer remains a challenging task to undertake in clinic. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the feasibility of a deep learning (DL) approach based on multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in classifying BMs originating from different pathological subtypes of lung cancer.

Methods: This retrospective analysis analyzed 262 patients with lung cancer BMs between August 2019 and September 2021, including 154 cases of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), 48 cases of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), and 60 cases of other pathological subtypes of lung cancer (OPTLC).

Complete genome sequence of strain NK, an acid-tolerant organohalide-respiring bacterium.

strain NK reductively dechlorinates tetrachloroethene to ethene at pH 5.5. The metagenome-assembled strain NK genome is 1.

The $10 proteome: low-cost, deep and quantitative proteome profiling of limited sample amounts using the Orbitrap Astral and timsTOF Ultra 2 mass spectrometers.

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics remains technically demanding and prohibitively expensive for many large-scale or routine applications, with per-sample costs of hundreds of dollars or more. To democratize access to proteomics and facilitate its integration into more high-throughput multi-omic studies, we present a robust analytical framework for achieving in-depth, quantitative proteome profiling at a cost of approximately $10 per sample, termed the "$10 proteome." Using the Thermo Fisher Orbitrap Astral and Bruker timsTOF Ultra 2 mass spectrometers, we evaluated performance across sample inputs ranging from 200 pg to 100 ng and active gradient lengths from 5 to 60 minutes.

Polydopamine@Zinc oxide coated macroporous membrane for antibacterial protection and early pulp repair in pulpitis.

Continuous decompression and drainage are a vital surgical strategy for managing severe tissue infections. In vital pulp therapy (VPT) for irreversible pulpitis, there is a clinical demand for advanced biomaterials capable of effectively sealing the pulp cavity, alleviating pulpal hypertension, preventing bacterial infiltration, and resolving acute pulp inflammation in bacteria-rich environments. In this study, we developed a polydopamine@zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO-NP)-coated polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane with tunable Zn content ranging from 2.

Potential role of AhR in ischemia‑reperfusion injury and cancers: Focus on ferroptosis and lipid peroxidation signaling pathways (Review).

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a pivotal ligand‑activated transcription factor that plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. The disruption of redox homeostasis in the etiology of numerous diseases primarily manifests as the accumulation of reactive species and the attenuation of the antioxidant defenses, leading to the progressive buildup of lipid peroxides. This phenomenon significantly contributes to the initiation and progression of diseases, such as atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetes and ischemia‑reperfusion injury.

Combined approaches to enhance the Pichia pastoris-expressed PET hydrolase.

Enzymatic degradation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) provides a sustainable and promising strategy for the recycling of plastic waste. Herein, we employed site-directed mutagenesis and machine learning methods to further enhance the performance of an efficient mutant of IsPETase, FAST-PETase-N212A, and resulting in seven variants with enhanced activity. We also found that the α3-β5 loop containing the T140D mutation plays a significant role in both type I and type II cutinases.

Gait analysis in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a bibliometric analysis of global trends, hotspots, and emerging frontiers.

Background: Gait analysis has emerged as a critical non-invasive tool for early identification and monitoring of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in aging populations, particularly given its potential to predict dementia progression. This bibliometric analysis synthesizes two decades of research to map the evolution of gait analysis in MCI, identify interdisciplinary collaborations, and highlight emerging frontiers in MCI-related mobility research.

Methods: Literature related to gait analysis in MCI was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection.

Forearm rotation and elbow angle differentially modulate biceps brachii and brachioradialis muscle stiffness and EMG activity during low-load isometric contractions: a cross-sectional study in healthy individuals.

Background: With increasing occupational demands for flexed elbow postures, understanding multi-joint influences on upper limb musculature becomes crucial. ​This cross-sectional observational study investigated the effects of forearm rotation and elbow flexion angles on muscle stiffness and activation patterns in biceps brachii (BB) and brachioradialis (BR) during loaded isometric contractions.

Methods: Thirty-six healthy males performed isometric elbow flexion under 15 combinations of isometric elbow flexion (3 forearm rotational state × 5 elbow joint angles).

Spray drying strategies for the construction of drug-loaded particles: Insights into design principles and pharmaceutical applications.

The design and preparation of particulate drug delivery systems are crucial for enhancing drug efficacy and reducing adverse effects. Spray drying has emerged as a versatile technique for tailoring the particle size, morphology, encapsulation efficiency and release kinetics of drug-loaded particles. This review provides a comprehensive overview of spray drying processes used in the design and fabrication of particulate drug delivery systems.

Development of patient-specific iPSC-based epilepsy models and identification of differentially expressed genes for disease mechanisms.

Introduction: Epilepsy is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, which poses significant challenges for clinical management and therapeutic development. Recent advances in stem cell biology have enabled the use of patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as a novel in vitro model for studying human diseases, including neurological disorders. In particular, iPSCs offer a promising platform for investigating the molecular mechanisms of epilepsy and facilitating personalized medicine.

Draft genomes of strain J1 and strain J2 from a tetrachloroethene-dechlorinating consortium.

Two metagenome-assembled genomes were recovered from an anaerobic consortium capable of complete reductive dechlorination of tetrachloroethene to ethene. The draft genomes, assigned to strain J1 and strain J2, are 1.37 and 3.

Synthesis, Application and Prospects of Carbon Dots as A Medicine Food Homology.

Against the background of the vigorous development of materials science and the deep cross-infiltration in many fields, a new medicine food homology, carbon dots (herein combined and abbreviated as MFH-CDs), has sprung up, showing great potential. This review used ChatGPT 4.0 to collect background information related to carbon dots, focusing on the common rich medicinal and food resources such as , Chinese yam, honeysuckle, and .

Identification of EPHB4 as a potential causal gene and therapeutic target for endometriosis using Mendelian randomization.

Objectives: Endometriosis is a common condition among women, characterized by chronic pain and infertility, presenting significant challenges for clinicians. This study aims to identify potential druggable targets to offer new therapeutic approaches.

Method: We utilized the summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) method to investigate the causal relationships between druggable genes that encode plasma proteins and endometriosis.

Investigate the Effect of ZFP64 on mRNA Expression of HBG Based on Bioinformatics and Experimental Validation.

γ-globin genes (HBG1 and HBG2) are usually expressed during fetal life, and almost no expression after birth. Therefore, the reactivation of HBG is a key target for the treatment of hemoglobinopathy. ZFP64 is a C2H2 type zinc finger transcription factor, which has been shown to play an important role in the maintenance of gene expression in mixed lineage leukemia, and other C2H2 type zinc finger transcription factors (such as ZFP410 and ZFP644) have been shown to regulate the expression of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) in thalassemia.

Multiomics reveals the synergistic response of gut microbiota and spider A. ventricosus to lead and cadmium toxicity.

The potential crosstalk between the host and gut microbiota (GM) under heavy metal compound pollution remains unexplored. Herein, using comprehensive analysis of metagenomics, metabolomics, behavioral analysis, and cell morphology to investigate the causal relationship between GM and host responses to cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) toxicities. Results indicate that Pb and Cd pollution, alone or together, hinder spider predatory behavior and change the composition and function of GM.

Heat inducible nuclear translocation of Kdm6bb drives temperature dependent sex reversal in Nile tilapia.

Understanding the primary molecular events driving temperature-dependent sex reversal (TSR) has proven challenging, particularly in distinguishing these from secondary effects of sexual differentiation. The mechanisms translating temperature into a sex-determining signal in fish are still largely unknown. Through combined transcriptomic and genome-wide histone methylation analyses of gonads in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to normal and elevated temperatures, we observed significant upregulation of male-promoting genes (amh, dmrt1, gsdf) and suppression of female-promoting genes (wt1a and foxl3) at high temperature.

Bacillus Subtilis as an Excellent Microbial Treatment Agent for Environmental Pollution: A Review.

The use of microorganisms in environmental biotreatment is gaining attention, particularly Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), recognized for its effectiveness in wastewater treatment and soil remediation. Its success stems from its diverse biological activities and adaptability, which improve environmental quality and ecological balance.

MRA-YOLOv8: A Network Enhancing Feature Extraction Ability for Photovoltaic Cell Defects.

To address the challenges posed by complex backgrounds and the low occurrence in photovoltaic cell images captured by industrial sensors, we propose a novel defect detection method: MRA-YOLOv8. First, a multi-branch coordinate attention network (MBCANet) is introduced into the backbone. The coordinate attention network (CANet) is incorporated to mitigate the noise impact of background information on the detection task, and multiple branches are employed to enhance the model's feature extraction capability.

Integration of Photodiagnosis and Therapy Guided by Micro/Nanorobots.

Micro/Nanorobots(MNRs)integrated with phototherapy represent an emerging approach to cancer treatment and hold significant potential for addressing bacterial infections, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and related conditions. By leveraging micro/nanoscale motor systems in conjunction with phototherapy, these robots enable real-time guidance and monitoring of therapeutic processes, improving drug delivery precision and efficiency. This integration not only enhances the effectiveness of phototherapy but also minimizes damage to surrounding healthy tissues.

Enhanced resilience to oxygen exposure and toxicity of chlorinated solvents in immobilized Dehalococcoides mccartyi.

Members of Dehalococcoides mccartyi (Dhc) are strictly anaerobic and play crucial roles in the restoration of many industrial sites impacted by chlorinated solvents, such as tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE). In situ bioremediation with Dhc involves intricate procedures intended to minimize oxygen intrusion, and achieving optimal dechlorination performance in aquifers near the dense non-aqueous phase liquids source zone is challenging. Here, we respectively embedded Dhc strain 195 and the biomass of a Dhc-containing, PCE-dechlorinating consortium in poly(vinyl alcohol)-alginate hydrogel beads.

Strategic base modifications refine RNA function and reduce CRISPR-Cas9 off-targets.

In contrast to traditional RNA regulatory approaches that modify the 2'-OH group, this study explores strategic base modifications using 5-carboxylcytosine (ca5C). We developed a technique where ca5C is transformed into dihydrouracil via treatment with borane-pyridine complex or 2-picoline borane complex, leading to base mutations that directly impact RNA functionality. This innovative strategy effectively manages CRISPR-Cas9 system activities, significantly minimizing off-target effects.