Endothelin-Converting Enzyme-Like 1 Regulated by LIF Contributes to Chronic Constriction Injury-Induced Neuropathic Pain in Mice.

Aims: This study is to investigate the role of Endothelin-converting enzyme-like 1 (ECEL1) in neuropathic pain (NP).

Methods: The expression of ECEL1 was modulated by injecting adeno-associated virus 5 (AAV5) carrying Ecel1 shRNA or full-length Ecel1 into the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of mice with a chronic constriction injury (CCI) model. Then, various nociceptive responses were evaluated.

Dual-ferroptosis induction-based microneedle patches for enhanced chemodynamic/photothermal combination therapy against triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a refractory subtype of breast cancer due to its resistance to various therapeutic strategies. In this study, we introduce a "brake-release and accelerator-pressing" approach to engineer a microneedle patch embedded with copper-doped Prussian blue nanoparticles (Cu-PB) and the ferroptosis inducer sorafenib (SRF) for raised chemodynamic (CDT)/photothermal (PTT) combination therapy against TNBC. Upon transdermal insertion, the dissolving microneedles swiftly disintegrate and facilitate the release of SRF.

Deficiency of nNOS in adult-born dentate granule cells causes epilepsy.

Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the molecular role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS, encoded by Nos1) in adult-born dentate granule cells (DGCs) during temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).

Methods: We used GFP-expressing retrovirus (RV) to analyze morphological changes in DGCs. Nos1 knockout (Nos1) mice were generated to assess whether nNOS deficiency would induce mossy fiber sprouting (MFS), affect neurogenesis, and observe the morphological changes of DGCs.

Topological edge states of plasmonic dark mode in one-dimensional split-ring nanochains.

Topological plasmonics play a crucial role in advancing both fundamental physics and photonics applications. While research has primarily concentrated on topological edge states (TESs) associated with plasmon bright mode, the significant emission dissipation linked to these states limits enhancements in near-field performance. Conversely, TESs based on dark mode offer the promise of increased local field enhancement and reduced emission loss, potentially improving near-field characteristics.

Wide-range control of surface plasmon dephasing time by the strong coupling between surface lattice and gap modes.

In applications such as plasmonic sensors and plasmonic nanolasers, constructing metal nanostructures with a wide range of tunability of plasmonic dephasing times is becoming increasingly important. However, the manipulation range of the dephasing time is still limited from only a few femtoseconds to tens of femtoseconds. Here, we propose what we believe to be a novel method to greatly extend the tunable range of plasmonic dephasing time by leveraging the strong coupling between the plasmonic gap mode and the surface lattice resonance mode.

Enhancement of spectral performance in gadolinium-based BEUV sources by supplying pre-formed plasma with cavity-confined targets.

Gadolinium laser-produced plasma (Gd-LPP) represents a promising BEUV lithography light source for future semiconductor manufacturing. In this work, we seek to further enhance the Gd-LPP spectral performance by integrating a cavity-confined target with the existing dual-pulse laser scheme. By regulating the pre-formed plasma with the cavity-confined target, a higher level of spectral purity was achieved in comparison to the flat target, reaching a maximum of 4.

Three-dimensional characterization of EUV mask blank defects with photoemission electron microscopy assisted by neural network transfer learning.

Information on the type and morphology of an extreme ultraviolet mask blank defect is of vital importance for mask blank repair and defect compensation. This study introduces an approach for defect type identification and three-dimensional (3D) morphology reconstruction based on photoemission electron microscopy. With the assistance of the neural network transfer learning method, the defect type can be precisely identified, and average error rates of 1.

Synergistic Engineering of Electronic Structure and Interfacial Field via a 3D Heterostructure for Stable Sodium Metal Batteries.

Uneven distribution of electric field and sodium ion on the sodium metal anode surface is identified as the key factor triggering dendrite growth, which severely compromises the energy density and cycle life of batteries. Herein, a sodiophilic heterostructure with SnP nanoparticles encapsulated in N/P codoped graphene-like nanotubes (SnP/NPGTs) is synthesized through the integration of chemical vapor deposition and in situ phosphorization. Rich active sites constructed by N/P codoping modulate the local electronic structure effectively, facilitating uniform Na distribution and adsorption while reducing the nucleation overpotential.

Taurine ameliorates viral encephalitis by restoring PRKN-mediated mitophagy.

Mitophagy is a selective type of autophagy that removes damaged mitochondria to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis and regulate the antiviral immune response. Despite increasing evidence that herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection causes mitochondrial damage, the regulatory mechanisms governing mitochondrial homeostasis and its biological implications in the context of HSV-1 infection and viral encephalitis remain unclear. In our recent work, we find that HSV-1 infection causes the accumulation of damaged mitochondria via defective mitophagy and in brain tissue of mice.

Initial Comparison of Routine Electroencephalography and Event-Related Potentials in Patients with Cognitive Complaints.

Routine electroencephalograms (EEGs) assess brain function, but can be time-consuming, resource-intensive and setting-restrictive. Brain vital signs (BVS) evaluation, derived from EEG-based event-related potentials (ERPs), offers a rapid, standardized evaluation of cognitive function. In this study, 20 outpatients with cognitive complaints underwent both routine EEGs and BVS evaluation.

Gut microbiota and metabolite features in NSCLC nude mouse models of subcutaneous tumor and leptomeningeal metastasis: a microbiome-metabolome combined analysis.

Background: The incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer are both elevated. In lung cancer, leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a serious consequence. Patients suffering from LM have severe symptoms and a short survival time.

Gender Differences in Frailty Progression and Recovery in Older Adults in Long-Term Care.

Objectives: To examine gender differences in frailty transitions in relation to predictive factors and outcomes.

Design: Retrospective analysis of long-term care data.

Setting And Participants: Older residents (men = 10,683; women = 18,976; aged ≥65 years) were assessed annually over 3 years.

Heterostructured CoFe/Co nanoalloys encapsulated in N-doped carbon as bifunctional oxygen-electrode catalysts for Zn-air batteries.

Developing bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts based on non-precious elements for the air electrodes of rechargeable Zn-air batteries (ZABs) remains a significant challenge. Herein, by adjusting th Co precursor content, we synthesized a bifunctional electrocatalyst (CoFe@NC-5) comprising CoFe/Co nanoalloys (∼16 nm) encapsulated in N-doped carbon. The CoFe@NC-5 catalyst features the highest metal loading (37.

Retraction notice to "How does green credit affect industrial green transformation? Mechanism discussion and empirical test" [Heliyon 10 (2024) e33312].

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Association Between the Amount of Carotid Perivascular Adipose Tissue and Prior Ischemic Stroke: An MR Imaging Study.

Background: This study aimed to explore the association between the amount of carotid artery perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) quantified by magnetic resonance imaging and prior cerebral infarction.

Methods: A total of 139 patients (mean age, 64.4±8.

Characteristics of photoemission from radiative and sub-radiative localized surface plasmons in metal nanostructures.

Revealing the mechanism of photoemission from plasmonic nanostructures that supports different localized surface plasmon modes is crucial for designing new ultrafast photoelectric cathodes, as well as for enhancing localized surface plasmon (LSP)-based photocatalysis, energy harvest, and photoluminescence, but the investigation on this topic is still lacking. In this paper, we directly investigated the photoemission yield and photoemission mechanism from a sub-radiative Fano mode in an asymmetric nanorod dimer, a radiative dipole mode in an isolated nanorod, and a radiative coupled dipole mode in a symmetric nanorod dimer, respectively, using time-of-flight photoemission electron microscopy. We found that the photoemission yield from the sub-radiative Fano mode is almost equal to that of the radiative dipole mode but more than four times higher than that of the radiative coupled dipole mode case.

Carotid Artery Stenting Intervention to Enhance Global Brain Blood Flow and Cognition in Carotid Artery Disease: Preliminary Findings from a Prospective Follow-Up MRI Study.

: The benefit of carotid artery stenting (CAS) for stroke prevention has been established, but less is known about CAS's effect on cognition. Here, we investigate (1) changes in the blood flow in both treated and non-treated carotid arteries, (2) associations between the severity of artery occlusion and CAS-induced flow change, and (3) whether the flow changes relate to cognitive improvement. : We used quantitative flow magnetic resonance imaging to assess blood flow and computerized neurocognitive assessment to evaluate cognitive performance.

Extreme Ultraviolet Multilayer Defect Profile Parameters Reconstruction via Transfer Learning with Fine-Tuned VGG-16.

Extracting defect profile parameters from measured defect images poses a significant challenge in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) multilayer defect metrologies, because these parameters are crucial for assessing defect printing behavior and determining appropriate repair strategies. This paper proposes to reconstruct defect profile parameters from reflected field intensity images of a phase defect assisted by transfer learning with fine-tuning. These images are generated through simulations using the rigorous finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method.

Serum calcium and phosphate levels and carotid atherosclerotic plaque characteristics: a retrospective study by high-resolution MR vessel wall imaging.

Background And Aims: Serum calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), and calcium-phosphate product (CPP) are associated with cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis in patients with chronic kidney disease. However, it remains unclear whether this relationship persists in individuals with carotid artery atherosclerosis of acute ischemic stroke. We investigated the association between serum Ca, P, as well as CPP, and carotid artery atherosclerotic plaque in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Clarifying the Identity of the / 36 Ion in Water Microdroplet Mass Spectra.

Several lines of evidence are presented that when ultrapure water is sprayed into air and the resulting water microdroplets are mass analyzed a peak at / 36 appears, which is identified as the water dimer cation. The water dimer cation, (HO), and the hydrated ammonium cation, NH·HO, have essentially indistinguishable mass differences in a low-resolution mass spectrum. By comparing the behavior of (HO) and NH·HO with temperature and salt concentration, we can rule out the formation of NH·HO in the spraying of ultrapure water into laboratory air.

[The splicing factor HNRNPH1 regulates Circ-MYOCD back-splicing to modulate the course of cardiac hypertrophy].

Objectives: To explore the mechanism of Circ-MYOCD back-splicing and its regulatory role in myocardial hypertrophy.

Methods: Sanger sequencing and RNase R assays were performed to verify the circularity and stability of Circ-MYOCD, whose subcellular distribution was determined by nuclear-cytoplasmic fractionation. Bioinformatics analysis and mass spectrometry from pull-down assays were conducted to predict the RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) interacting with Circ-MYOCD.

FeO@BiS Nanoparticles Mediated MRI-Guided Precision Radiosensitization for Orthotopic Glioblastoma via External Magnetism.

Radioresistance in tumors and the excess damage in normal tissues during radiotherapy (RT) restrict the clinical application of glioblastoma RT. Image-guided radiosensitization is hopefully adopted to achieve precision RT. Nevertheless, the therapeutic effect of radiosensitizers in glioblastoma is unsatisfactory due to limitations of the blood-brain barrier and poor tumor targeting.

Traceability analysis and risk assessment of river antibiotics based on dissolved organic matter spectral features and the positive matrix factorization receptor model.

Identifying pollution sources is crucial for controlling antibiotic contamination and preventing risks to aquatic environments. This study quantified four categories of antibiotics (quinolones,macrolides, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines) in Dafeng River during the dry season using SPE-UHPLC-MS，analyzing their sources and risks. The source apportionment results for antibiotics using the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model were validated against those identified based on Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) fluorescence characteristics.

Preoperative quantitative quadriceps muscle ultrasound to predict POD for gastrointestinal surgery in older patients.

Objective: Postoperative delirium (POD) is generally associated with increased postoperative adverse events. We aimed to investigate whether preoperative quantitative quadriceps muscle ultrasound could predict POD in older patients after gastrointestinal surgery in order to provide more targeted prevention and treatment measures.

Methods: We prospectively collected data from elderly patients who underwent elective gastrointestinal surgery from August to December 2023 at a tertiary hospital in China.

Aging-dependent evolving electrochemical potentials of biomolecular condensates regulate their physicochemical activities.

A passive consequence of macromolecular condensation is the establishment of an ion concentration gradient between the dilute and dense phases, which in turn governs distinct electrochemical properties of condensates. However, the mechanisms that regulate the electrochemical equilibrium of condensates and their impacts on emergent physicochemical functions remain unknown. Here we demonstrate that the electrochemical environments and the physical and chemical activities of biomolecular condensates, dependent on the electrochemical potential of condensates, are regulated by aging-associated intermolecular interactions and interfacial effects.