Risk prediction and driver tracking based on watershed resilience dynamics: A case study in Dahei River Basin, China.

The watersheds face increasing pressure from both human activities and natural factors, which exacerbate potential risks and pose significant challenges to integrated watershed management. This study developed an effective methodology to evaluate watershed sustainability and predict potential risks based on watershed resilience dynamics by combining catastrophe theory, adaptive cycle theory, and the Copula-Bayesian Network. Taking the Dahei River Basin (DRB) in China as a case study, we systematically evaluated the resilience dynamics, diagnosed risks, and tracked key driving factors to propose management strategies.

In vitro screening of synbiotics based on a four-strain probiotic blend and their therapeutic potential for ulcerative colitis.

This study explores the therapeutic effects of synbiotics on ulcerative colitis (UC) using an in vitro fermentation model and a Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-induced UC mouse model. We assessed the impact of synbiotics on probiotic proliferation, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, metabolic regulation, and intestinal barrier function. Fructooligosaccharide (FOS) and Inulin (INU) significantly promoted probiotic growth and increased SCFA production, especially acetate, propionate, butyrate, and isobutyrate (p < 0.

The evolution of concomitant mitral regurgitation in patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a prospective multi-center China-DVD2 cohort study.

Background: Severe aortic stenosis (AS) often coexists with mitral regurgitation (MR). This study evaluated the significant evolution of MR in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for AS.

Methods: This multi-center China Degenerative Valve Disease II Cohort (China-DVD2) Study enrolled patients undergoing TAVR for AS from January 2020 to October 2023.

Lipidome profiles and sleep disorders: A Mendelian randomization analysis of insomnia, sleep terrors, sleep apnea, and circadian rhythm disturbances.

Sleep disorders, such as insomnia, sleep terrors, sleep apnea, and sleep-wake schedule disorders, pose a significant public health challenge worldwide, yet their underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully understood. Lipids, beyond being structural membrane components, actively regulate neuroinflammation, circadian rhythms, and neuronal signaling, all implicated in sleep disorder pathophysiology. This study employed two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) to explore the causal relationships between the lipidome and these sleep disorders, analyzing a comprehensive GWAS dataset with 179 lipid species.

The influence of different emulsifiers on dotted gizzard Shad (Konosirus punctatus) oil emulsions.

This study investigates the effects of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (HACC), carrageenan (CA), and lecithin (LC) on soy protein isolate (SPI). SPI is a widely used natural emulsifier but is highly susceptible to environmental perturbations; the incorporation of additional bioactive components can modulate its structural integrity and functional stability. For the first time, the physicochemical properties, microstructure, and in vitro digestibility of previously reported SPI complexes were compared.

Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg polysaccharide mitigates macrophage pyroptosis and prevents acute lung injury by regulating NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathways.

Acute lung injury (ALI) manifests as an intense inflammatory disorder marked by heightened macrophage pyroptotic death and uncontrolled cytokine release. Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg polysaccharide (THP), derived from a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, was evaluated for its therapeutic effects against ALI. Network pharmacology analysis suggested that THP targets macrophage-related inflammatory pathways.

Plasma SIRT7 as a novel biomarker for coronary artery disease and rehospitalization risk in hypertensive patients: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study.

The exact role of SIRT7 in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) remains elusive. This study aimed to explore plasma SIRT7 levels and their clinical significance in this population. From July 2022 to June 2024, 222 hypertensive patients (106 with isolated hypertension and 116 with hypertension plus CAD) were enrolled.

Genome-Wide Linkage Mapping of QTL for Adult-Plant Resistance to Stripe Rust in a Chinese Wheat Population Lantian 25 × Huixianhong.

Stripe rust, caused by f. sp. (Pst), represents a major global threat to wheat (.

Socioeconomic Disparities in Perinatal Substance Use Emergency Department Visits Before and During COVID-19.

Substance use during pregnancy threatens maternal and fetal health, and the COVID-19 pandemic may have altered patterns of use and disparities. We analyzed 2019-2021 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample data to examine emergency department visits among pregnant individuals with documented substance use (opioids, cannabis, alcohol, or nicotine). A difference-in-differences approach assessed pandemic-related changes and disparities by race/ethnicity and insurance status.

Prognostic prediction for locally advanced hypopharyngeal cancer treated with postoperative chemoradiotherapy based on dosiomics and radiomics: a small-sample modeling strategy.

Purpose: This study aims to propose a method for building a prognostic model with small sample sizes and to develop a predictive model combining radiomics and dosiomics for patients with locally advanced hypopharyngeal cancer treated with postoperative chemoradiotherapy, to improve prognostic accuracy despite the challenge of limited data.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort of 48 male patients diagnosed with locally advanced hypopharyngeal cancer was included in the study. Radiomics features were extracted from pre-surgical MRI scans, and dosiomics features were derived from dose-volume histograms.

Artificial intelligence diagnosis and heatmap agent for mitral valve prolapse using 3D cine echocardiography.

The detection rate of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) has been increased by using 3D echocardiography. It would be clinically meaningful for accurate assessment of prolapse histology with advanced deep learning algorithms. However, recent studies mainly focus on automatic measurement and reconstruction of cardiac structures using voxel data, while seriously neglecting the automatic diagnosis and visualization using cine data.

Phylogenetic Resolution and Conflict in the Species-Rich Flowering Plant Family Leguminosae.

The Tree of Life is central to evolutionary biology, yet resolving deep, recalcitrant phylogenetic relationships remains challenging due to complex processes such as incomplete lineage sorting (ILS), hybridization, and polyploidization. Although previous phylogenetic studies have advanced our understanding of Leguminosae (Fabaceae), a species-rich and ecologically diverse family, many deep relationships at the tribal and higher levels remain unresolved. Incorporating newly generated genome skimming data for 231 species with previously issued plastid genomic, mitochondrial genomic and transcriptomic data, we reconstructed a phylogeny of the family using whole plastomes, 39 mitochondrial genes, and 1559 low-copy nuclear genes, achieving dense taxonomic sampling across almost all recognized tribes and major unplaced lineages.

In Situ Reconstruction of Bimetallic MOFs to Form Copper-Cobalt Relay Catalysis for Efficient Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia.

The electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (eNORR) is hindered by poor selectivity and sluggish kinetics due to competing hydrogen evolution and complex multi-electron/proton transfers. Here, a bimetallic CuCo-MOF （Metal-Organic Framework） is reported catalyst that undergoes in situ electrochemical reconstruction to form copper nanoparticles embedded within a cobalt-MOF matrix, establishing spatially coupled active sites for tandem catalysis. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the in situ-generated Cu nanoparticles selectively catalyze the nitrate-to-nitrite conversion, while the adjacent cobalt sites in the MOF framework facilitate water dissociation to provide reactive hydrogen species (*H) for subsequent nitrite hydrogenation to ammonia.

Lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation in metabolic plasticity and disease pathogenesis.

Lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation (Kbhb) represents a novel post-translational modification (PTM) mediated by ketone body metabolites, particularly β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB). This modification exhibits dynamic elevation under ketogenic conditions including diabetic ketoacidosis, neonatal metabolic disorders, fasting, and sustained physical exertion, where circulating BHB concentrations exceed physiological thresholds. Emerging evidence positions Kbhb as a critical epigenetic-metabolic interface, with demonstrated regulatory roles spanning oncology, immunomodulation, cardiovascular homeostasis, neuropsychiatric disorders, circadian biology, and developmental processes.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons weaken the protective effects of serum fatty acids on fasting blood glucose.

Fatty acid homeostasis plays a potential role in blood glucose regulation, while environmental pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can disrupt lipid metabolism through oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the combined effects of fatty acids and PAHs on fasting blood glucose (FBG) and insulin resistance remain unclear. This study included 1403 adult participants based on NHANES (2011-2014).

Colorimetry characteristics and color clustering of natural gem-quality spinel from Myanmar (Burma).

Color is the most critical factor in determining the value of gem-quality spinel. This paper examines the color mechanism and the colorimetric characteristics of spinel crystals under D65 and A light sources against nine neutral backgrounds. It also explores color clustering for over 400 spinel crystals in yellow, red, purple, and blue hues.

Construction of Ancestral Chromosomes in Gymnosperms and the Application in Comparative Genomic Analysis.

Chromosome rearrangements during plant evolution can lead to alterations in genome structure and gene function, thereby influencing species adaptation and evolutionary processes. Gymnosperms, as an ancient group of plants, offer valuable insights into the morphological, physiological, and ecological characteristics of early terrestrial flora. The reconstruction of ancestral karyotypes in gymnosperms may provide critical clues for understanding their evolutionary history.

Label-free microfiber biosensor for ultrahigh sensitivity detection of TNF-α protein.

Rapid detection of low concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays an important role in medical diagnostics. This study proposed a fast, label-free single mode-tapered no core-single mode (STNCS) microfiber structure for the ultra-low concentration of TNF-α detection. The experimental results show that the proposed microfiber biosensors have good spectral stability (0.

Polyadenylation Complex CFII Recognizes Downstream Cis-element for Pre-mRNA Polyadenylation Through Interaction with an RNA-Binding Protein in Arabidopsis.

Alternative polyadenylation of pre-mRNA generates mRNAs with alternative 3' ends, thereby increasing the complexity of the transcriptome and proteome. This process is carried out by pre-mRNA 3' end processing complexes, with the specificity and site selection of polyadenylation primarily defined by the interaction between these complexes and conserved pre-mRNA cis-elements. However, the cis-element recognized by the polyadenylation CFII complex and the downstream cis-element of the poly(A) site remain unknown.

Echocardiographic video-driven multi-task learning model for coronary artery disease diagnosis and severity grading.

Introduction: Echocardiography is a first-line noninvasive test for diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD), but it depends on time-consuming visual assessments by experts.

Methods: This study constructed an echocardiographic video-driven multi-task learning model, denoted Intelligent echo for CAD (IE-CAD), to facilitate CAD screening and stenosis grading. A 3DdeeplabV3+ backbone and multi-task learning were simultaneously incorporated into the core frame of the IE-CAD model to capture the dynamic myocardial contours.

Economic insecurity increases high earners' preference for risk.

This study examines how economic insecurity and income level influence individuals' preferences for risk in decision-making. Economic insecurity was experimentally manipulated in a laboratory setting, and participants' risk preference was subsequently assessed using the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART). Participants completed the BART under either a gain frame, where inflating a virtual balloon increased potential monetary gains (Experiment 1), or a loss frame, where ballon inflation was necessary to avoid monetary loss (Experiment 2).

Profiles of extracellular vesicle shutter proteins from Chlamys farreri stimulated by lipopolysaccharide.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) in aquatic animals can resist pathogen infection by delivering bioactive substances between cells. Chlamys farreri, as a commercial aquaculture species, was used as the research object in this study to explore the possible innate immune regulation mediated by EVs. In this study, data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics analysis was performed on EVs in the serum of C.

A study on appetite of overweight/obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus based on multimodal magnetic resonance imaging.

Purpose: To investigate the alterations of brain structure and function in brain regions related to ingestive desire in overweight/obese T2DM patients, and the correlation with clinical data.

Subjects: 52 patients with overweight/obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM group), 62 patients with simple obesity (OB group), and 40 healthy subjects (HC group).

Assessment: By means of gray matter morphometric indices (cortical thickness, surface area, etc.

Occurrences, profiles, and mass inventories of sediment p-phenylenediamine and their quinones in the northern South China Sea.

p-Phenylenediamines (PPDs) and their quinones (PPD-Qs) have attracted increasing attention due to their widespread environmental occurrence, toxicity, and potential ecological risk. However, knowledge about their distribution in marine sediment is limited. In the present study, 47 sediment samples were collected from the northern South China Sea (NSCS) and Southwestern Sub-Basin (SWSB) of the SCS and analyzed for eight PPDs and eight PPD-Qs, from which a thorough analysis was conducted to address the above-mentioned issue.

Occurrence, Migration Behavior, and Environmental Burden of Phthalate Esters in Flooring Materials Used in Newly Renovated Chinese Homes.

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs), a class of synthetic semi-volatile organic compounds, are extensively incorporated into decorative materials. However, their specific occurrence, migration behaviors, and environmental impact on these materials-which comprise the largest surface areas in residential settings-remain insufficiently understood. This study investigated the distribution, emission dynamics, and environmental burdens of PAEs in flooring commonly used in Chinese households.