Integrative analysis of scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq to identify lactylation-related gene signatures in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury after lung transplantation.

Background: Protein lactylation has been implicated in stress-responsive cellular mechanisms, yet its role in lung transplantation-associated ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) remains undefined.

Methods: Transcriptomic profiles from GSE145989 were analyzed through differential expression analysis (limma) and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Integrating the identified genes with lactylation-related signatures uncovered key lactylation-related genes (LRGs) as potential targets.

Clinical study on the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on healing of proximal sesamoid bone fractures in Yili horses.

The incidence of sports injuries in horses is increasing, thus accurate assessment, diagnosis, and treatment are critical. Among common sports-related injuries, proximal sesamoid bone fractures (PSBFs) are one of the most frequent types. To investigate the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on imaging and hematological parameters of PSBFs, providing a clinical reference for the diagnosis and treatment of PSBFs in racehorses.

Transposon Dynamics Drive Genome Evolution and Regulate Genetic Mechanisms of Agronomic Traits in Cotton.

Transposable elements (TEs) serve as important drivers mediating polyploidization events and phenotypic diversification in plant genomes. However, the dynamic changes in various TE subclasses post-polyploidization and their mechanisms of influencing phenotypic variation require further investigation. The allopolyploid species, originating from two diploid progenitors, provide an ideal model for studying TE dynamics following polyploidization.

Tumor Stiffness-Enhanced Room Temperature Phosphorescence Imaging Using Dual-Ligand Nanoprobes.

Organic room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials offer high tumor-to-background imaging contrast owing to their long afterglow and minimal autofluorescence interference. In this work, a targeted phosphorescent nanoprobe is prepared based on a pyrene/benzophenone (PyBP) guest-host system and further functionalized it with folic acid and cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp peptide for enhanced tumor specificity. In oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) xenograft models, this dual-ligand nanoprobe can help achieve a four-fivefold increase in the tumor signal over the background.

Synthesis and Enantioselective Recognition of Chiral Macrocycles with Abundant Binding Sites.

Chiral macrocycles /-C with abundant recognition sites were synthesized via a simple four-step reaction procedure. These homochiral macrocycles can be easily purified by silica gel column chromatography without the demand for chiral separation. Their structures have been carefully characterized using X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy.

Prognostic prediction for locally advanced hypopharyngeal cancer treated with postoperative chemoradiotherapy based on dosiomics and radiomics: a small-sample modeling strategy.

Purpose: This study aims to propose a method for building a prognostic model with small sample sizes and to develop a predictive model combining radiomics and dosiomics for patients with locally advanced hypopharyngeal cancer treated with postoperative chemoradiotherapy, to improve prognostic accuracy despite the challenge of limited data.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort of 48 male patients diagnosed with locally advanced hypopharyngeal cancer was included in the study. Radiomics features were extracted from pre-surgical MRI scans, and dosiomics features were derived from dose-volume histograms.

Nanozyme-Crosslinked Poly(Thioctic Acid)-Based Hydrogel Adhesives with Coral-Like Structure for Promoting Wet Adhesion, Antibacterial Active, and Wound Healing.

Uncontrolled traumatic hemorrhage in emergency and surgical settings frequently leads to prolonged bleeding time, increased infection risks, and delayed wound healing. To overcome these issues, a novel multifunctional biomimetic PTALi-SCAA hydrogel adhesive is prepared by crosslinking caffeic acid-Ag (CAA) nanozyme with the double network of poly(thioctic acid)Li-sericin (PTALi-S). The introduction of CAA nanozyme significantly promoted wet tissue adhesion (48.

NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis: implications in inflammation and multisystem disorders.

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that senses diverse pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), activating the pyroptosis pathway. Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that plays a crucial role in immune responses and inflammatory processes. The NLRP3 inflammasome-gasdermin D (GSDMD) axis has emerged as a critical therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases.

Microstructural transformation for robust and high-efficiency Zintl thermoelectrics.

Thermoelectric materials offer an exceptional opportunity to convert waste heat into electricity directly, yet their widespread application remains hindered by intrinsic brittleness and poor processability. Here, we introduce a graded ball milling strategy that fundamentally enhances the mechanical robustness and processability of YbZnSb-based thermoelectrics. By refining grain microstructure, increasing dislocation density, and promoting intermediate-angle grain boundaries, this approach enables the fabrication of crack-free, large-size, disc-shaped, and microscale dices while maintaining excellent thermoelectric performance.

AZnNOX (A = Rb, NH, X = Cl, I): Regulating Cations and Halides Yields Birefringent Crystals with Significantly Enhanced Optical Anisotropy.

Three new isostructural crystals, AZnNOX (A = Rb, NH; X = Cl, I) were synthesized via a mild aqueous solution method by combining π-conjugated [NO] groups with d transition-metal Zn ions, crystallizing in the orthorhombic space group (No. 62). All of the three compounds produce millimeter-sized crystals, with (NH)ZnNOCl yielding crystal as large as 17 × 14 × 4 mm.

Mechanical Properties and Cutting Performance of SiN/ScWO Composite Ceramic Tools Materials.

To address the poor thermal shock resistance and high brittleness of traditional ceramic tools, a novel SiN/ScWO (SNS) composite ceramic material was developed via in situ synthesis using WO and ScO as precursors and consolidated by spark plasma sintering. ScWO with negative thermal expansion was introduced to compensate for matrix shrinkage and modulate interfacial stress. The effects of varying ScWO content on thermal expansion, residual stress, microstructure, and mechanical properties were systematically investigated.

Preliminary Analysis of Placental DNA Methylation Profiles in Piglets with Extreme Birth Weight Variations.

Adequate birth weight is essential for animal survival and subsequent growth. However, the mechanism by which placental DNA methylation influences fetal growth remains incompletely understood. This study employed whole-genome bi-sulfite sequencing (WGBS) and RNA sequencing to analyze placental tissues from two weak piglets and two normal piglets born to the same sow.

Plasma-Assisted Surface Nitridation of Proton Intercalatable WO for Efficient Electrocatalytic Ammonia Synthesis.

Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction (eNRR) offers a green pathway for the production of NH from N and HO under ambient conditions. Transition metal oxynitrides (TMO N ) are among the most promising catalysts but face challenges in achieving a high yield and faradaic efficiency (FE). This work develops a hybrid WO N /WO catalyst with a unique heterogeneous interfacial complexion (HIC) structure.

Effect of systematic nursing on scar appearance following radical thyroidectomy: a retrospective cohort analysis.

Female patients with thyroid cancer have a greater desire for not only curing the disease but also leaving an inconspicuous scar. Systematic nursing has a comprehensive effect on reducing scar formation. However, comprehensive nursing guidance for postoperative scar management are not usually available for patients with thyroid cancer.

Multi-platform integration of histopathological images and omics data predicts molecular features and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Computer-aided histopathological image analysis is increasingly used for image evaluation and decision-making in cancer patients. This study extracted quantitative histopathological image features to predict molecular features, and combined them with omics data to predict prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.

Methods: Totally 334 patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas were divided equally into the training and testing sets.

Primary graft dysfunction after Lung transplantation: unveiling the role of innate immunity.

Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) represents a clinical acute lung injury syndrome occurring within 72 hours after lung transplantation, remaining the main cause of early mortality after lung transplantation. However, very few effective and specific therapies are available, except for supportive treatment. Broad cellular and molecular mechanisms contribute to PGD, yet the precise mechanism remains poorly understood.

Harnessing GhGRDP1 natural variation for enhanced cotton seed yield: a rhamnose-dependent strategy in breeding.

Introduction: Breeding high-yield crops has long been a fundamental goal in global agriculture, with seeds serving as the essential vehicle to achieve this aim. Therefore, understanding the regulatory mechanisms of seed size is critical for ensuring food security.

Objectives: Our study focused on the natural variation, molecular regulatory mechanism and functional evolution of yield trait-related gene GhGRDP1, identified through GWAS and eQTL analyses in upland cotton natural population.

Interferon-driven CAF reprogramming augments immunogenic response to neoadjuvant radiotherapy in colorectal cancer.

The efficacy of neoadjuvant radiotherapy (RT) in patients with rectal cancer (RC) is hindered by the plasticity and heterogeneity of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing of patients with RC samples revealed a CAF subpopulation characterized by high interferon (IFN) regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) expression.

A Surgical Model for Graft of Brown Adipose Tissue on the Heart Surface in Mice.

A mouse model for investigating the paracrine effects of browning epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) on coronary arteries and the myocardium should be developed. Due to its special anatomical location and direct connection to the heart surface, EAT is considered not only an energy storage organ but also an essential paracrine regulator involved in multiple cardiovascular diseases. Several studies have indicated that EAT browning holds promising therapeutic potential for cardiovascular diseases through anti-inflammatory phenotype transition, the release of cardioprotective factors, and extracellular vesicles, among other mechanisms.

Long-Term Survival Analysis of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Versus Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Low Rectal Cancer.

Purpose: To compare the long-term survival of patients with locally advanced low rectal cancer (LALRC), receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) versus adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (ACRT).

Methods And Materials: This retrospective observational study included 1169 patients with LALRC (Stage II/III disease located ≤ 5 cm from the anal verge) who underwent diagnosis and treatment at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center from February 2006 to March 2021. In Stage II/III low rectal cancer patients, one-to-one matched pairs were created from the ACRT and NCRT groups using propensity score matching (PSM) based on baseline characteristics.

Assembly of Silver Nanoparticle on One-Dimensional Supramolecular Scaffolds for Bacterial Infection Treatment.

Bacterial antibiotic resistance has emerged as a major global threat to human health. The rapid spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria severely limits therapeutic and diagnostic options in clinical practice. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) exhibit potent antibacterial activity due to their unique antimicrobial mechanisms.

Piezoresistive plantar pressure sensors and CNN-based body weight and load estimation.

Monitoring user weight, including body weight and afforded load, is crucial for post-fracture rehabilitation. Inappropriate weight levels can delay recovery and increase re-fracture risk. In recent years, insole sensor systems have proven effective in monitoring gait parameters, including plantar pressure and gait cycles.

Post-licensure safety of respiratory syncytial virus vaccines, Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, United States, May 2023-December 2024.

Objective: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines, including Arexvy and Abrysvo, received approval in May 2023. The study aims to review the post-licensure safety of RSV vaccines by investigating adverse events using the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS).

Methods: We included VAERS reports of RSV vaccination in United States between May 3, 2023, and December 27, 2024.

Malvidin-3--glucoside and Malvidin-3,5--diglucoside Alleviate Glycolipid Metabolic Disorder by Modulating Pancreas and Liver Functions and Gut Microbiota.

The anthocyanins malvidin-3--glucoside (M3G) and malvidin-3,5--diglucoside (M35G) were purified from the grape varieties L. and Foex peels, respectively, and their effects on glycolipid metabolic disorders (GLMDs) were investigated using a mouse model. Mice treated with M3G or M35G showed controlled body weight, preservation of normal histomorphological features and islet size of the pancreas, and amelioration of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance induced by a high-fructose diet.

A New UV-B Protectant in Plant: Insights Into THCAS and THCA's Role in UV-B Tolerance.

Understanding how plants respond to environmental stressors such as ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation is critical for agricultural resilience and crop improvement. Investigation of the UV-B response in 17 cannabis accessions revealed distinct differences in morphological changes between two groups, A and B. Whole-genome resequencing and population-level analyses indicate that Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase (THCAS) is subject to positive selection or a selective sweep.