Multiple interactions recruit BLTP2 to ER-PM contacts to control plasma membrane dynamics.

BLTP2/KIAA0100, a bridge-like lipid transfer protein, was reported to localize at contacts of the ER with either the plasma membrane (PM) or recycling tubular endosomes depending on the cell type. Our findings suggest that mediating bulk lipid transport between the ER and the PM is a key function of this protein, as BLTP2 tethers the ER to tubular endosomes only after they become continuous with the PM and that it also tethers the ER to macropinosomes in the process of fusing with the PM. We further identify interactions underlying binding of BLTP2 to the PM, including phosphoinositides, the adaptor proteins FAM102A/FAM102B, and N-BAR domain proteins at membrane-connected tubules.

HIV Low-Level Viremia is Not Related to Subsequent Virological Failure Under NNRTI-Based Regimens: A Multicenter Retrospective Study in China.

Background: The long-term impact of low-level viremia (LLV), defined as two consecutive viral loads (VL) of <200 copies/mL, on virological failure remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between viremia patterns and virological failure in people living with HIV (PLWH) in China who predominantly received non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based therapies.

Methods: Data from six HIV-infected cohorts in China were analyzed.

Involvement of the E2-like enzyme Atg3 in fungal development and virulence of .

Autophagy is a fundamental cellular degradation and recycling system that is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis, responding to stress, and ensuring the proper functioning of cells. To date, the biological functions of autophagy in the plant-pathogenic fungus remains largely unknown. In this study, we identified and characterized the E2-like enzyme Atg3 in .

Urea oxidation catalysts: a review on non-metallic enhancements in nickel-based electrocatalysts.

The urea oxidation reaction (UOR) offers a promising low-energy alternative to the conventional oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in hydrogen production, leveraging urea's lower thermodynamic barrier to reduce energy demands of water splitting. This review focuses on the design and optimization of nickel-based UOR catalysts through the strategic incorporation of nonmetallic inorganic dopants to enhance their electrocatalytic performance. By modulating the electronic structure and surface active sites, these dopants aim to improve catalytic activity.

DRFNet: Enhancing Identity Discriminability and Feature Robustness for Cross-Session VEP-Based EEG Biometrics.

Biometric recognition using visually evoked potentials (VEPs), a type of neural response to visual stimuli recorded via electroencephalography (EEG), has shown great promise. However, the non-stationary nature of EEG signals poses a major challenge in cross-session scenarios, where data collected on different days often leads to performance degradation. To address this, we propose the Discriminative Robust Feature Network (DRFNet) to enhance the robustness and inter-subject discriminability of identity representations across sessions.

Ginkgolide B modulates the gut-bone axis to ameliorate bone loss in ovariectomized mice.

Scope: Estrogen deficiency post-menopause is a key driver of bone loss and is often associated with disruption of the gut-bone axis. This study explored the therapeutic potential of Ginkgolide B (GB), a natural bioactive compound from Ginkgo biloba, in estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss using ovariectomized (OVX) mice.​.

New insights into sex determination in amphibians: Unraveling the regulatory roles of Trpm1 and Dmrt1 in the Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus).

Sex determination has long been a topic of intense research and debate. In this study, we focus on the Chinese giant salamander (CGS), which exhibits genetic sex determination, but its sex ratio is also influenced by temperature, making it a unique model for studying amphibian sex determination mechanisms. This study first demonstrates that Adeno-associated virus 9 can serve as a safe and effective vector for targeting both male and female gonads in CGS, offering a new strategy for targeting amphibian gonads.

A Comprehensive Review of Slag-Coating Mechanisms in Blast-Furnace Staves: Furnace Profile Optimization and Material-Structure Design.

Blast-furnace staves serve as critical protective components in ironmaking, requiring synergistic optimization of slag-coating behavior and self-protection capability to extend furnace lifespan and reduce energy consumption. Traditional integer-order heat transfer models, constrained by assumptions of homogeneous materials and instantaneous heat conduction, fail to accurately capture the cross-scale thermal memory effects and non-local diffusion characteristics in multiphase heterogeneous blast-furnace systems, leading to substantial inaccuracies in predicting dynamic slag-layer evolution. This review synthesizes recent advancements across three interlinked dimensions: first, analyzing design principles of zonal staves and how refractory material properties influence slag-layer formation, proposing a "high thermal conductivity-low thermal expansion" material matching strategy to mitigate thermal stress cracks through optimized synergy; second, developing a mechanistic model by introducing the Caputo fractional derivative to construct a non-Fourier heat-transfer framework (i.

Montelukast vs Tranilast Administration in the Prevention of Capsular Contracture in Alloplastic Breast Surgeries: An Experimental Mice Model.

Background: Capsular contracture remains a prevalent complication following breast implant augmentation. Despite growing interest in pharmacological prevention, optimal drug selection and administration timing remain unclear.

Objectives: The authors of this study aim to compare the efficacy of tranilast vs montelukast and evaluate prophylactic vs postoperative administration in preventing capsular contracture.

DACT3-DVL1 Interaction-Mediated Canonical WNT Signaling Regulates Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Progression and Cisplatin Resistance.

Disheveled binding antagonist of β-catenin 3 (DACT3) is a negative regulator of canonical WNT signaling. Dysregulation of disheveled 1 (DVL1) plays a role in malignant progression. However, the mechanism by which DVL1 transmits signals in the canonical WNT pathway and the possible association between DVL1 and DACT3 remain unknown in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Correction: Atomate2: modular workflows for materials science.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D5DD00019J.].

NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis: implications in inflammation and multisystem disorders.

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that senses diverse pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), activating the pyroptosis pathway. Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that plays a crucial role in immune responses and inflammatory processes. The NLRP3 inflammasome-gasdermin D (GSDMD) axis has emerged as a critical therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases.

Screening and Validation of Negative Regulators of the Type I Interferon Pathway.

Type I interferons （IFN-I） are key proteins in antiviral response and immunomodulation. Negative regulators avoid abnormal activation of the interferon pathway or overactivation of interferon-activating proteins through multiple mechanisms. Loss-of-function mutations in negative regulator genes lead to the development of a variety of type I interferonopathy.

IgG4-Related Autoimmune Pancreatitis With Pancreatic Honeycomb-Like Cystic Lesions: A Case Report.

This case report highlights a rare presentation of IgG4-related autoimmune pancreatitis with honeycomb-like cystic lesions in the pancreatic parenchyma. It discusses differential diagnoses such as VHL syndrome, emphasizing the need for clinical evaluation and corticosteroid responsiveness, which may offer insights for clinicians when managing such cases.

Pd-Catalyzed Stereospecific and Ligand-Controlled Regiodivergent Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling for the Synthesis of 3-C-Glycals and 2,3-Unsaturated C-Glycosides.

The selective modification of carbohydrates to achieve structural complexity has emerged as a crucial strategy in carbohydrate-based drug development. However, the intricate stereochemistry and densely packed functional groups of carbohydrates pose significant challenges for precise stereoselectivity and regioselectivity control. Herein, we report a palladium-catalyzed, stereospecific, and ligand-controlled regiodivergent glycosyl Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of 3-boryl-glycals, establishing a robust platform for glycoside diversification with versatile C1 and C3 modification.

Exosomal circ_0093708 as a potential ferroptosis biomarker in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Background: Ferroptosis plays a critical role in neuronal injury following cerebral infarction. However, effective therapeutic strategies targeting ferroptosis after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/RI) remain limited. Exosome-based therapy holds significant promise in this context.

C-14 oxygenated quassinoids with control effect against larvae of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama from fruits of Picrasma quassioides.

Background: Diaphorina citri is one of the most severe pests affecting citrus production worldwide. Our previous research identified a series of quassinoids that exhibit insecticidal activity against D. citri adults.

Visible-Light-Catalyzed Regioselective 1,4-Carbon/Carboxylation of 1,3-Enynes with Malonates and CO toward 2,3-Allenoic Acids.

Difunctionalization of unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds with carbon dioxide (CO) provides expedient access to functionalized carboxylic acids. Compared to the well-developed carboxylation of alkenes or alkynes with CO, the catalytic carboxylation of 1,3-enynes has remained unknown. Herein, we report the first visible-light-promoted 1,4-carbon/carboxylation of 1,3-enynes with malonates and CO, leading to a series of valuable tetrasubstituted 2,3-allenoic acids with high efficiency.

Catestatin attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Catestatin (CST), as a pleiotropic hormone, displays an anti-apoptotic effect, in addition to its known roles in cardiovascular regulation. However, the role of CST in ischemic stroke remains unclear.

Tissue specific role of ABCA1 in lung cholesterol homeostasis under high-cholesterol diet.

Background: ATP-binding cassette subfamily A1 (ABCA1) and sterol 27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) are essential regulators of cholesterol metabolism. However, their tissue-specific roles, particularly in the lung, under high-cholesterol diet (HCD) conditions remain unclear.

Objective: Using the liver as a reference, this study aimed to investigate the tissue-specific regulation of ABCA1 in the lung under HCD or CYP27A1 knockout (KO) conditions, and to explore its potential regulatory mechanism.

KLF1 Promotes Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Proliferation and Invasion by Upregulating the LINC02159/DYNC1H1 Pathway.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common and fatal malignancy. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of Kruppel-like factor (KLF1) in NSCLC progression. Clinical samples were collected, after which the expression levels of KLF1, LINC02159, and dynein cytoplasmic 1 heavy chain 1 (DYNC1H1) in tissues and cells were initially detected, and NSCLC cell proliferation and invasion were measured when KLF1 was up- or downregulated.

Tapered graded-index multimode-fiber coupled sapphire Fabry-Perot cavity for high-temperature dynamic strain measurement.

Real-time dynamic strain measurements under a high temperature environment is important for many applications, e.g. component fault diagnosis of aeroengines.

Development of a prognostic model based on m6A reader upregulation and immune infiltration in multiple malignant tumors.

Background: High expression has been previously observed in diverse tumor types. On this basis, the present work focused on exploring the effects of on pan-cancer occurrence and progression, as well as its potential functions and molecular regulatory mechanisms.

Methods: gene expression, protein expression, Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) stage, and survival prognosis in thirty-three different tumors across thirty-three tumors were analyzed via The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, which included 9,664 cancer tissues and 711 normal tissues, with R software (version 3.

Amorphization Engineering Coupled with Anion Leaching Boosts Precatalyst Reconstruction for Enhanced Urea Oxidation.

Ni-based materials have emerged as a class of promising precatalysts for the urea oxidation reaction (UOR), yet inherent structure-related reconstruction behavior of the precatalyst and correlation with electrocatalytic activity are not well-understood, severely hindering rational design of advanced catalysts. Herein, a new type of precatalyst, amorphous Mn-incorporated NiWO (a-MnNi-WO), is constructed via rapid co-precipitation followed by mild heat treatment, and proposed for expediting the UOR. Intriguingly, loose and flexible amorphous phase engineering and leachable WO incorporation can collaboratively prompt a-MnNi-WO to access fast and complete self-reconstruction during UOR, thus generating porous, oxygen-vacancy-enriched, and low-crystalline Mn-doped NiOOH with optimized electronic structure for prompting urea adsorption and the rate-determining step of COO desorption.

Function of chemokines in embryo implantation.

Embryo implantation centrally involves the maternal immune system's specific acceptance of the semi-allogeneic embryo. Despite advances in assisted reproduction, implantation failure remains a key bottleneck limiting clinical pregnancy rates, with its mechanisms a significant challenge in reproductive immunology. Recent studies reveal that chemokine-mediated dynamic remodeling of the immune microenvironment is central to maintaining maternal-fetal immune homeostasis.