Association between geriatric nutritional risk index and thoracic aorta morphological changes in cancer adults underwent contrast computed tomography scans.

Background: Cancer survivors have a heightened risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), partly associated with high rates of malnutrition, which is linked to poor cardiovascular outcomes. Changes in aortic morphology affect vascular hemodynamics and cardiovascular health. However, the relationship between malnutrition and aortic morphology in cancer patients remains unreported.

New insights into sex determination in amphibians: Unraveling the regulatory roles of Trpm1 and Dmrt1 in the Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus).

Sex determination has long been a topic of intense research and debate. In this study, we focus on the Chinese giant salamander (CGS), which exhibits genetic sex determination, but its sex ratio is also influenced by temperature, making it a unique model for studying amphibian sex determination mechanisms. This study first demonstrates that Adeno-associated virus 9 can serve as a safe and effective vector for targeting both male and female gonads in CGS, offering a new strategy for targeting amphibian gonads.

One-year longitudinal association between changes in aortic regional morphology and muscle mass in cancer.

Cancer confers the risk for cardiovascular diseases. This longitudinal study aimed to explore the relationship between changes in aortic morphology and muscle mass in cancer. One hundred patients with cancer who underwent thoracoabdominal enhanced computed tomography (CT) at baseline and 1-year follow-up were retrospectively included.

Differential Cardiac Remodeling in Overweight and Obesity: Insights from Noninvasive Imaging.

Introduction: Weight gain is associated with cardiac abnormalities, but the differences in cardiac remodeling between overweight and obesity (O&O) remain unclear. This study explored the structural and functional cardiac changes associated with O&O using noninvasive imaging.

Methods: A retrospective study included participants from August 2021 to July 2023.

The effect of a whole-heart motion correction algorithm on image quality, calcium score, and risk category classification of non-contrast-enhanced cardiac CT.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a whole-heart motion correction algorithm (Snapshot freeze 2, SSF2) on image quality, calcium score, and risk category classification of non-contrast-enhanced cardiac CT.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-one coronary calcium scoring scans performed on a 256-row detector CT were included. Images of standard reconstruction without motion-corrected (STD) and with SSF2 were compared.

A RFLP 1-4-3 L1C Variant of PRRSV-2 Isolated in Sichuan Province, China: Genetic Characterization and Pathogenicity.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), known for causing reproductive disorders in sows and respiratory issues in piglets, poses a significant threat to the global swine industry. Since its initial report in 2013, the L1C (lineage 1.8/NADC30-like) PRRSV has drawn significant attention in China due to its high recombination potential and diverse pathogenicity.

Identification of sex-biased and gonadal developmental miRNAs during critical windows of early gonadal differentiation in the Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus).

The Chinese giant salamander (CGS), Andrias davidianus, the largest living amphibian, is of significant conservation importance for its wild populations and serves as a valuable economic species in aquaculture. Given that male CGS are larger than female, understanding the mechanisms behind gonadal differentiation and development is critical for optimizing production in aquaculture. This study conducted small RNA-seq on male and female gonads during two key differentiation windows in CGS.

The sex-specific difference in age-related aortic regional morphological changes.

Background: This study aims to investigate the influence of sex on age-related changes in aortic morphology using computed tomography (CT) imaging.

Method: Patients who underwent contrast-enhanced chest and abdominal CT between July 2021 and April 2022 were enrolled and stratified into six groups. Sex-specific comparisons of body surface area (BSA)-adjusted aortic diameters and tortuosity were performed across different groups.

The host cells suppress the proliferation of pseudorabies virus by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.

Unlabelled: Pseudorabies virus (PRV), a member of the alpha-herpesviruses, can infect both the nervous and reproductive systems of pigs, causing neonatal mortality and reproductive failure in sows, which incurs substantial economic losses. Neurotropism is a common characteristic of various viruses, allowing them to cross the blood-brain barrier and access the central nervous system. However, the precise mechanisms by which PRV affects the blood-brain barrier are not well understood.

Monoenergetic reconstructions and iodine density maps for visualization of coronary artery stents using 8-cm dual-layer detector spectral computed tomography: an phantom study.

Background: The effectiveness of coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography in assessing stent restenosis is hindered by heavy metal artifacts. This study aimed to evaluate the image quality of monoenergetic reconstructions and iodine density map for coronary stent imaging using an 8-cm dual-layer detector spectral CT.

Methods: In this study, 8 stents with a diameter <3 mm (group A) and 10 with a diameter ≥3 mm (group B) were placed in plastic tubes filled with iodinated contrast media and scanned.

Ketogenic diet-induced bile acids protect against obesity through reduced calorie absorption.

The low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) has long been practiced for weight loss, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Gut microbiota and metabolites have been suggested to mediate the metabolic changes caused by KD consumption, although the particular gut microbes or metabolites involved are unclear. Here, we show that KD consumption enhances serum levels of taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) in mice to decrease body weight and fasting glucose levels.

Multi-Parametric Retinal Microvascular Functional Perfusion Imaging Based on Dynamic Fundus Fluorescence Angiography.

Retinal microvascular disease has caused serious visual impairment widely in the world, which can be hopefully prevented via early and precision microvascular hemodynamic diagnosis. Due to artifacts from choroidal microvessels and tiny movements, current fundus microvascular imaging techniques including fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) precisely identify retinal microvascular microstructural damage and abnormal hemodynamic changes difficulty, especially in the early stage. Therefore, this study proposes an FFA-based multi-parametric retinal microvascular functional perfusion imaging (RM-FPI) scheme to assess the microstructural damage and quantify its hemodynamic distribution precisely.

Transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals PRV XJ delgE/gI/TK protects intracranially infected mice from death by regulating the inflammation.

Pseudorabies virus can cause inflammation in the central nervous system and neurological symptoms. To further investigate the protective mechanism of PRV XJ delgE/gI/TK in the central nervous system, an intracranial PRV-infection mice model was developed. The results demonstrated that immunization with PRV XJ delgE/gI/TK successfully prevented death caused by PRV-intracranial infection.

Isolation and pathogenicity comparison of two novel natural recombinant porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses with different recombination patterns in Southwest China.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes significant economic losses in the swine industry. Frequent mutations and recombinations account for PRRSV immune evasion and the emergence of novel strains. In this study, we isolated and characterized two novel PRRSV-2 strains from Southwest China exhibiting distinct recombination patterns.

A time-course transcriptome analysis revealing the potential molecular mechanism of early gonadal differentiation in the Chinese giant salamander.

The Chinese giant salamander (CGS) Andrias davidianus is the largest extant amphibian and has recently become an important species for aquaculture with high economic value. Meanwhile, its wild populations and diversity are in urgent need of protection. Exploring the mechanism of its early gonadal differentiation will contribute to the development of CGS aquaculture and the recovery of its wild population.

Relationship between low relative muscle mass and aortic regional morphological changes in adults underwent contrast CT scans for cancer diagnostics.

Objectives: Low muscle mass is related to cardiovascular risk factors. This study aimed to investigate whether relative low muscle mass is related to the diameter and tortuosity of the aorta.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 208 adults without known cardiovascular disease who underwent Computed Tomography (CT) enhanced scan between 2020 and 2021.

Intranasal administration with recombinant vaccine PRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S induces strong intestinal mucosal immune responses against PDCoV.

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a novel coronavirus that causes enteric diseases in pigs leading to substantial financial losses within the industry. The absence of commercial vaccines and limited research on PDCoV vaccines presents significant challenges. Therefore, we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of recombinant pseudorabies virus (PRV) rPRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S through intranasal mucosal immunization in weaned piglets and SPF mice.

Conversion of primary liver cancer after targeted therapy for liver cancer combined with AFP-targeted CAR T-cell therapy: a case report.

Primary liver cancer (PLC) that originates in the liver is a malignant tumor with the worst prognosis. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of PLC. Most PLC cases are diagnosed at advanced stages mainly due to their insidious onset and rapid progression.

The impact of baseline calcified plaque volume on coronary rapid plaque progression by serial coronary computed tomography angiography in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objectives: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are susceptible to coronary artery disease (CAD), and coronary outcomes in these patients are heterogeneous. However, the impact of coronary plaque compositions on rapid plaque progression (RPP) in patients with T2DM has rarely been reported. This study aimed to investigate the association of coronary plaque compositions with rapid lesion volume progression in patients with T2DM.