RNF126 suppresses amino acid-mediated mTORC1 signaling pathway by ubiquitinating ILF3 in HEK293T cells.

The mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) serves as a metabolic hub that integrates external nutrients to promote cell growth and metabolism, with its activation closely associated with accelerated cancer progression. Interleukin enhancer-binding factor 3 (ILF3) has been identified as a negative regulator of mTORC1 by tethering GATOR1/2 to the lysosomal membrane during amino acid sensing. However, the regulatory mechanisms of the ILF3-mediated mTORC1 signaling pathway remain unclear.

Pharmacologic interrogation of USP28 cellular function in p53 signaling.

Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) are crucial regulators of ubiquitin signaling and protein degradation that remain incompletely understood in part due to the lack of high-quality chemical probes. To address this challenge, we developed CAS-010, a low nanomolar, ubiquitin-competitive inhibitor of USP28 that demonstrates preferential activity against USP28 over other DUBs, while also exhibiting some activity against the closely related USP25. We rationalized our SAR trends and observed selectivity using a crystal structure of USP28 in complex with an inhibitor.

OSNRT1.1B-OSCNGC14/16-CA-OSNLP3 Pathway: Phosphorylation-Mediated Maintenance of Nitrogen Homeostasis.

Nitrate, a crucial nutrient and signaling molecule, is extensively studied across plants. While the NRT1.1-NLP-centered pathway dominates nitrate signaling in Arabidopsis and rice, however, whether there is functional interaction or co-regulation between the primary nitrate response (PNR) and long-term nitrogen utilization remains unclear.

Polarization spatial diversity and multiplexing MIMO surface enabled by graphene for terahertz communications.

The terahertz (THz) frequency band has abundant spectrum resources, which is suitable for constructing communication systems with ultra-high data rates and extremely low latency. Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) devices are crucial for realizing THz communication, and the synchronous transmission and noncorrelation of different channels are the keys to MIMO technology. This paper proposes a graphene-based polarization spatial diversity and multiplexing MIMO surface (PDM-MIMOS) with 2 × 2 metasurface arrays.

Mixed Cultivation With Siberian Alder Worsens the Negative Impact of Salt Exposure on Growth and Major Physiological Processes of Black Locust Plants.

Salinity is a major threat that can greatly affect the growth and development of plants. Mixed planting has been shown to effectively improve the salinity tolerance of tree species. However, it is still unknown whether admixing alder trees promotes the growth and development of N-fixing Robinia pseudoacacia on saline soil.

Detection of Microscopic Glioblastoma Infiltration in Peritumoral Edema Using Interactive Deep Learning With DTI Biomarkers: Testing via Stereotactic Biopsy.

Background: Microscopic tumor cell infiltration beyond contrast-enhancing regions influences glioblastoma prognosis but remains undetectable using conventional MRI.

Purpose: To develop and evaluate the glioblastoma infiltrating area interactive detection framework (GIAIDF), an interactive deep-learning framework that integrates diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) biomarkers for identifying microscopic infiltration within peritumoral edema.

Study Type: Retrospective.

Modulating tumor collagen fiber alignment for enhanced lung cancer immunotherapy via inhaled RNA.

The clinical effectiveness of immunotherapies for lung cancers has been greatly hindered by the immune-excluded and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and limited pulmonary accessibility of therapeutics. Here, we develop an inhalable lipid nanoparticle (LNP) system that enables simultaneous delivery of mRNA encoding anti-discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) single-chain variable fragments (mscFv) and siRNA targeting PD-L1 (siPD-L1) into pulmonary cancer cells. The secreted anti-DDR1 scFv blocks the binding of DDR1 extracellular domain to collagen, disrupting collagen fiber alignment and reducing tumor stiffness, thereby facilitating T cell infiltration.

Comparison of Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty With or Without Subtrochanteric Shortening Osteotomy in Crowe Type IV Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of total hip arthroplasty (THA) without subtrochanteric osteotomy (STO) for patients who have Crowe type IV developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and to compare its clinical and radiological outcomes with subtrochanteric transverse shortening osteotomy.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 66 hips in 57 patients who underwent cementless THA for Crowe type IV DDH. The patients were divided into two groups based on whether they underwent STO, with 31 hips in the non-osteotomy group and 35 hips in the STO group.

Revealing the Role of Actinorhizal Symbioses in Ecosystem Nitrogen Dynamics.

Symbiotic associations between plants and microorganisms are crucial to global biogeochemical cycling and ecosystem stability. Mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen (N)-fixing bacteria are recognized as the two main groups of microorganisms involved in such symbiotic interactions. They not only constitute the most wide-spread symbiotic microorganisms, but also ensure plants to acquire additional N resources directly from the atmosphere.

Characteristics of lithic artifact weathering at the Semizbugu surface site complex in semi-arid Central Kazakhstan.

Rock surface alterations due to weathering have often been used by archaeologists for creating chronologies, studying climatic conditions, and authenticating artifacts. Rock surface alterations are also important for identifying recycled artifacts through the presence of "double patina." In the surface archaeological deposits at Semizbugu (Saryarqa, Kazakhstan), rock surface weathering stages are used to chronologically categorize stone tool artifacts based on perceived associations between weathering characteristics and typology.

Unraveling multiple effects of environmental factors on nutrient release: Towards optimal conditions in agricultural drainage ditches.

Agricultural drainage ditches (ADDs) are widespread and serve as critical zones, playing a vital role in mitigating non-point source nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) pollution in farmland. However, limited information is known about the interaction relationship between multiple factors and nutrient release in multistage ADDs. Here, a comprehensive five-level agricultural drainage system (comprising field, sublateral, head, branch, and trunk ditches) was selected as the study model.

Fast Screening of Circulating Tumor Cells in Blood Samples by Sialic Acid Recognition and Microfluidic Chip-Single-Cell ICP-MS: A Breakthrough in Non-invasive Cancer Diagnosis.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) hold promise for non-invasive cancer diagnostics, but current detection methods face challenges like white blood cell (WBC) interference, high false negative rates, low throughput, and operational complexity. To overcome these, we developed a simple, fast, and universal CTCs analysis method by the integrating sialic acid (SA) recognition strategy, microfluidic cell sorting, and online single-cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SC-ICP-MS) detection. Cells from lysed blood sample were labeled by phenylboronic acid-functionalized gold nanoparticles (PBA-AuNPs) via PBA-SA recognition.

An artificial intelligence model integrating culprit lesion diagnosis and risk assessment for acute coronary syndrome.

Background: An integrated machine learning (ML) approach capable of both diagnosing acute coronary syndrome (ACS, encompassing myocardial infarction and unstable angina) and predicting future ACS risk within defined optimal timeframes remains an unmet need in cardiovascular risk stratification.

Methods: We conducted a multicentre cohort study in China between January 2012 and December 2021. The derivation cohort (cohort 1+ cohort 2), consisting of a training, validation, and independent external test set, retrospectively included 1854 patients from four hospitals who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and received a definitive diagnosis of ACS or chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) within 7 days.

Post-Acupuncture Acute Cervical Spinal Epidural Hematoma With Hemiplegia Misdiagnosed as Cerebral Infarction: A Case Report and Literature Review.

This case report describes a rare but serious complication termed post-acupuncture acute cervical spinal epidural hematoma (paACSEH). The patient presented with right-sided hemiplegia and cervical pain following acupuncture therapy. Initial misdiagnosis as cerebral infarction led to inappropriate alteplase thrombolytic therapy, which was promptly discontinued after CT imaging confirmed cervical spinal epidural hematoma.

Radiomics-based machine-learning method to predict extrahepatic metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy: a multicenter study.

This study investigates the use of CT-based radiomics for predicting extrahepatic metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following hepatectomy. We analyzed data from 374 patients from two centers (277 in the training cohort and 97 in an external validation cohort). Radiomic features were extracted from contrast-enhanced CT scans.

Constraint-Driven Causal Representation Learning for Vigilance Robust Estimation in Brain-Computer Interface.

Vigilance estimation is a critical task within the field of brain-computer interfaces, extensively applied in monitoring and optimizing user states during human-machine interaction using electroencephalography (EEG). However, most existing vigilance prediction frameworks are prone to spurious correlations stemming from inherent biases in collected data. These biases involve relevant but vigilance-independent information, which may lack robustness when applied to different data distributions, i.

Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Detection of α/β-Chain Changes From Human Hemoglobin: An Exploratory Study.

In this work, we developed a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) method to directly analyze human whole blood samples. 1.0 µL of whole blood samples and 1.

NRT1.1B acts as an abscisic acid receptor in integrating compound environmental cues for plants.

Abscisic acid (ABA) is the most crucial phytohormone for plants in adapting to environmental conditions. While the ABA signaling network in plants has been extensively explored, our understanding of the diverse ABA sensing systems remains limited. Here, we found that the transcriptional response to ABA is suppressed under high-nitrate conditions but substantially increases under low-nitrate conditions, suggesting a tight integration of ABA signaling with nutrient conditions.

Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry for In Vivo Dermatopharmacokinetic Study of Skin Drugs by Touch Sampling.

Many viscous drugs are used for the treatment of various skin disorders, but they pose a challenging task for dermatopharmacokinetic (DPK) studies by traditional analytical tools because of complicated processes and time-consuming sample pretreatment. In this work, we applied paper spray mass spectrometry (PSMS) for direct sampling and analysis of seven viscous drugs from the human skin surface. The detection precision was found in the range of 2.

[Brain function and connection in patients with refractory overactive bladder and healthy population: Analysis based on resting-state functional MRI].

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of central nervous system regulation in patients with refractory overactive bladder (rOAB) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), and to analyze the differences in brain function and connection between the patients and healthy population.

Methods: From May 1 to November 30, 2024, we performed rs-fMRI for 47 rOAB patients and another 47 matched healthy controls, documented relevant clinical data from all the participants and obtained their Overactive Bladder Symptom Scores (OABSS) and Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OAB-Q) scores. Based on rs-fMRI, we compared the results of Independent Component Analysis (ICA), amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo) and degree centrality (DC) between the rOAB patients and healthy controls.

OCELOT 2023: Cell detection from cell-tissue interaction challenge.

Pathologists routinely alternate between different magnifications when examining Whole-Slide Images, allowing them to evaluate both broad tissue morphology and intricate cellular details to form comprehensive diagnoses. However, existing deep learning-based cell detection models struggle to replicate these behaviors and learn the interdependent semantics between structures at different magnifications. A key barrier in the field is the lack of datasets with multi-scale overlapping cell and tissue annotations.

Unveiling Microscopic Mechanisms of Chemical Mechanical Polishing via Multi-Scale Theoretical Calculations.

Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is a critical planarization technique that combines chemical reactions and mechanical grinding. However, analyzing its underlying mechanisms at the microscopic level, particularly on the wafer surface, remains a significant challenge. This review focuses on the theoretical study of the micro-mechanism of CMP, and systematically reviews the application of quantum chemistry based on density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) based on Newtonian mechanics (classical MD/reaction MD/ab initio MD) in the prediction of reaction activity and the analysis of interface behavior.

Petroleum exposure alters the salt tolerance and rhizosphere bacterial diversity of Hippophae rhamnoides L.

Phytoremediation harnessing the synergistic effects of plants and rhizosphere microorganisms can achieve the effective degradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH). The application of Hippophae rhamnoides L. has been proposed for this purpose, but its effectiveness in salinized environments remains to be explored.