Latest Research Progress in High-Purity Material Purification Technology.

High-purity metals, defined as metals with impurity levels minimized to achieve purity, typically ≥99.999% (5N grade), constitute critical raw materials and serve as essential supporting components for modern high-technology industries. Common examples include high-purity indium, gallium, germanium, magnesium, lithium, aluminum, tin, tellurium, and titanium.

Enhancing clinical skills education through scenario-based simulation with debriefing: A randomized controlled study on bone marrow aspiration training.

Background: Simulation-based medical education is gaining traction for its safety, repeatability, and near-realistic scenarios. Debriefing is vital for deep learning and translating theory into practice. This study applies scenario-based simulation with structured debriefing to bone marrow aspiration training to offer a replicable, scalable model and evidence of its effectiveness in clinical skills education.

Deciphering the enzymatic responses, composition, network complexity, and functional degraders of the marine sediment bacterial community in response to 2-methyl-4-isothiazoline-3-one exposure.

2-Methyl-4-isothiazoline-3-one (MIT) is a widely employed antimicrobial agent frequently detected in environments; however, current documentation regarding its impacts on microbial communities and biodegradation processes remains limited. Herein, marine sediment systems were established to investigate the MIT impacts under tiered concentrations (CK, 0 μg/L; LC, 5 μg/L; MC, 50 μg/L; HC 5 mg/L). The extracellular polymeric substance contents increased in the LC and MC groups, but not in the HC group, after one day of exposure.

Bifacial Defect Management of Buried Interface for Enhanced Photovoltaic Performance of Inverted-Perovskite Devices with Precise Regulation of Charge Transport.

The intrinsic aggregation behavior of self-assembled molecules (SAMs) leads to severe heterogeneity or even blankness in the perovskite substrate layer. The direct contact between the bottom surface of perovskite and nickel oxide undergoes a redox reaction, which inevitably leads to perovskite degradation and strengthens the charge transport barrier. Herein, a 1-propenyl-2,3-dimethylimidazole hexafluorophosphate (PDMIMPF) molecule with bidirectional defect regulation has been developed.

Combined radiation and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for metastatic or recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma: a real-world study of 108 patients.

Background: The prognosis of metastatic or recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains poor, and new treatment strategies are warranted. Despite promising preclinical results demonstrating that radiation primes the immune system and produces a synergistic antitumor response for long-term disease control, limited clinical data are available. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the efficacy and safety of combining radiotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for patients with metastatic and recurrent HCC in a real-world setting.

A competency-based instructional design: A progressive blended case-based teaching method.

Background: Competency-based medical education requires innovative teaching models, yet limited evidence exists on the combined effectiveness of blended and case-based learning. This study aimed to evaluate a progressive blended case-based teaching model's effectiveness in enhancing the clinical competencies of medical students.

Methods: From September 2022 to January 2023, 258 5th-year clinical medical students were prospectively enrolled and randomly assigned to either a "3-tier progressive" case-based teaching group (experimental, n = 123) or a traditional lecture-based group (control, n = 135) for an integrated urology module.

Fabrication of waste bread-derived biodegradable mulch film with sustained-release atrazine performance.

Traditional agricultural techniques for the growth of agricultural demands and global population, such as polyethylene mulch film (PEMF) and herbicide, result in the problems of white pollution and herbicide contamination. Meanwhile, food waste is also a growing problem, producing millions of tons of discarded bread every year. Therein, waste bread was humified into fulvic-like acid (FLA) and K-enriched bread crumb, and then it was mixed with talc powder, gelatin, glycerol, and atrazine (ATZ) to prepare a biodegradable mulch film (FTGG@ATZ) through molecular interaction.

HCAR2 Exerts Anti-Depressive Effects on Corticosterone-Induced Depression in Mice by Modulating Microglial Activity.

Background: The metabolites derived from judicious dietary choices play a crucial role in the management and treatment of depression. Hydroxy-carboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCAR2) functions as a receptor for various diet-derived metabolites. Although a growing body of evidence indicates these metabolites exert beneficial effects on depression, the precise mechanisms underlying these benefits require further investigation.

PagMIR166c targets PagECH2 to regulate cambial differentiation into secondary xylem, cell expansion, and lignin deposition via different auxin signaling pathways in poplar stems.

Secondary xylem, a key trait of trees, is the main source of tree biomass. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important regulatory roles in the secondary xylem formation; however, the underlying regulatory mechanisms are far from being completely elucidated. In this study, we provide the first evidence that PagMIR166c is involved in the secondary xylem formation in poplar stems.

Full-area three-element Risley prism system based on high precision real-time continuous scanning strategy.

For a high precision and real-time full-area continuous Risley Prism system, the main factors impacting scanning accuracy are blind zones, computation time, and system accuracy. Considering wedge thickness and the spacing between wedges, this paper proposes a three-element Risley Prism system to obtain precise scanning points. In the model, the inverse solution can be obtained using the damped least squares method.

, a new species of ripiphorid beetle from east China (Ripiphoridae, Ptilophorinae).

Background: The ripiphorid genus Laporte, 1833 is distributed primarily throughout the Southern Hemisphere, with approximately 72 species. Although exhibiting robust species richness, only one species, (Nomura & Nakane, 1959), has been recorded from Asia.

New Information: Herein, Jiang & Pan is described and illustrated from Zhejiang and Fujian, China, representing the second Asian species of .

Toward improving multiomic research in understudied cereals.

With the looming challenges of climate change and population pressure, understudied cereals hold notably untapped potential for future global food security and sustainable agriculture due to their unique nutritional profiles and notable stress resilience. Multiomics holds great promise in realizing the value of understudied cereals by understanding the genetic basis and molecular mechanisms regulating their unique traits; however, multiomic studies of understudied cereals still lag behind those of major cereals, hindering their genetic improvement and wide adoption in modern agriculture. Here, we discuss the limitations and challenges in multiomic studies of understudied cereals and how they can be overcome to enhance utilization of the traits unique to understudied cereals in improving both themselves and major cereals.

Can mutation abundance assess the biological behavior of BRAF-positive papillary thyroid carcinoma?

Background: BRAF mutation is the most common genetic change in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Nevertheless, the association between BRAF mutation status and abundance and the biological behavior of PTC is unclear. Thus, this study investigated whether BRAF mutation status and abundance are related to PTC biological behavior and whether BRAF mutation abundance can be used to further stratify risk.

Total flavonoids from Cortex Juglandis Mandshuricae inhibits pancreatic lipase activity and reduces fat accumulation in vivo.

Pancreatic lipase (PL) is an essential metabolic key enzyme involved in triglyceride metabolism, hydrolysis and absorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effects of total flavonoids from Cortex Juglandis Mandshuricae (TFC) on PL, alleviate lipid accumulation, and their possible interaction mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that TFC had a significant inhibitory effect on PL.

Isolation and Mechanistic Investigation of the Efficient Zearalenone-Removing Strain YJ25.

Zearalenone (ZEN), a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin produced by species, poses a significant threat to both human food safety and animal feed quality. In this study, we isolated a strain, designated as YJ25, from a contaminated moldy corn sample, demonstrating substantial effectiveness in removing ZEN. Our findings revealed that YJ25's ZEN removal occurs primarily through cell wall adsorption, with enzymatic degradation representing a potential mechanism.

Electron beam/persulfate-induced second-scale upcycling of wastewater polyvinyl alcohol with ultra-low chemical input.

Conventional mineralization of high-concentration organic pollutants relied on intensive chemicals and high carbon emissions, necessitating resource recovery strategies. We developed a high-energy electron beam (HEEB)-activated persulfate (PS) system, transforming 99 % of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, 2 g/L) into recyclable precipitates with ultra-low PS dosage (0.1 g/L) and short irradiation duration (24 kGy, 38.

Complete genome sequence of the obligate endosymbiont of the poplar bark aphid .

We report the complete genome sequence of from the aphid using Illumina NovaSeq X Plus platform. The assembled genome is 588,150 bp with a guanine-cytosine content of 24%.

Effect of phospholipid-protein interfacial interactions on the aeration emulsion quality during reconstitution of fat globule membranes: Interfacial behavior, thermodynamic properties, stability and whipping properties.

This study examines the interaction between phospholipids (PL) and proteins during the reconstitution of milk fat globule membranes (MFGM) and their effects on structure, properties, and fat crystallization behavior. Adding 0-0.45 % PL altered the MFGM composition, reduced interfacial protein concentration (27.

Engaging social media users with corporate social responsibility messages: An integrated theoretical approach in the automotive industry during social media era.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) messaging on social media has become a key strategy for companies to engage the public. However, limited research has investigated how specific CSR communication strategies influence public online engagement, particularly in the Chinese context. This study analyzed the effects of three dependent variables: (1) CSR message themes (aligned with ISO 26000 standards), (2) relationship cultivation strategies (Openness, Information Dissemination, Interactivity and Involvement, and Sharing Tasks), and (3) multimodal message types (text with emoticons, picutures, and videos) on social media users' engagement behaviors (likes, shares, and comments).

Anion-mediated unusual enhancement of negative thermal expansion in the oxyfluoride of PbTiO.

Materials featuring negative thermal expansion (NTE) properties are crucial for controlling overall thermal expansion. However, only a limited number of NTE materials are suitable as high-performance thermal expansion compensators owing to their small NTE magnitude and narrow NTE temperature range. PbTiO is a typical perovskite-type (ABO) ferroelectric that also exhibits a unique NTE.

Droplets Suspended Beneath a Fiber Hub.

Droplet-fiber interactions, prevalent in nature and widely applied across various engineering fields, have garnered significant research interest. Many works have focused on the interactions between droplets and single or two fibers. However, the wetting behavior of droplets, especially the maximum droplets that can be retained, on fiber hubs formed by many fibers has rarely been studied.

Role of channels in the permeability of murine red blood cells I. Stopped-flow and hematological studies.

Many have believed that oxygen crosses red blood cell (RBC) membranes by dissolving in lipids that offer a finite resistance to diffusion or, alternatively, no resistance at all. In this first in a series of three interrelated papers, we examine these idea in murine RBCs. In this first paper, analyses of hemoglobin (Hb) absorbance spectra during off-loading from mouse RBCs indicate that RBC membranes do indeed offer resistance to diffusion, and that the resistance would be far higher if not for the presence of -permeable channels.

Role of channels in the O permeability of murine red blood cells II. Morphological and proteomic studies.

In this second of three papers, we examine red blood cell (RBC) morphometry and RBC-membrane proteomics from our laboratory mouse strain (C57BL/6). In paper #1, using stopped-flow absorbance spectroscopy to ascertain the rate constant for oxyhemoglobin (HbO) deoxygenation , we find substantial reductions with (1) membrane-protein inhibitors p-chloromercuribenzenesulfonate (pCMBS) or 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonate (DIDS); (2) knockouts of aquaporin-1 (AQP1-KO), or Rhesus blood-group-associated A-glycoprotein (RhAG-KO), or double knockouts (dKO); or (3) inhibitor+dKO. In paper #3, reaction-diffusion mathematical modeling/simulations reveal that could fall secondary to slowed intracellular O/HbO/Hb diffusion.

The effect of a whole-heart motion correction algorithm on image quality, calcium score, and risk category classification of non-contrast-enhanced cardiac CT.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a whole-heart motion correction algorithm (Snapshot freeze 2, SSF2) on image quality, calcium score, and risk category classification of non-contrast-enhanced cardiac CT.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-one coronary calcium scoring scans performed on a 256-row detector CT were included. Images of standard reconstruction without motion-corrected (STD) and with SSF2 were compared.

A 6-tsRNA signature for early detection, treatment response monitoring, and prognosis prediction in diffuse large B cell lymphoma.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) presents considerable clinical challenges due to its aggressive nature and diverse clinical progression. New molecular biomarkers are urgently needed for outcome prediction. We analyzed blood samples from DLBCL patients and healthy individuals using short, non-coding RNA sequencing.