Exosomal circ_0093708 as a potential ferroptosis biomarker in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Background: Ferroptosis plays a critical role in neuronal injury following cerebral infarction. However, effective therapeutic strategies targeting ferroptosis after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/RI) remain limited. Exosome-based therapy holds significant promise in this context.

First-Degree Family History of Diabetes Is Associated With the Presence of Depressive Symptoms Independent of Lifestyle Risk Factors and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors.

Background: Co-occurrence of depression and diabetes is a prototypical example of mental-physical comorbidity. This study aims to investigate the association between first-degree family history of diabetes (FHD) and the presence of depressive symptoms.

Methods: The present work was one part of the baseline survey from the REACTION study.

Catestatin attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Catestatin (CST), as a pleiotropic hormone, displays an anti-apoptotic effect, in addition to its known roles in cardiovascular regulation. However, the role of CST in ischemic stroke remains unclear.

DUSP1-mediated suppression of p38 MAPK signaling pathway reduces ferroptosis in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Ferroptosis constitutes a critical pathological mechanism in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/RI), significantly influencing neurological outcomes. While dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) demonstrates neuroprotective effects against CI/RI, its regulatory role in ferroptosis remains to be elucidated. This study systematically investigated the therapeutic potential of DUSP1 through ferroptosis modulation in both in vitro and in vivo models.

The dysbiosis of gut microbiota and dysregulation of metabolites in IgA nephropathy and membranous nephropathy.

Introduction: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) and membranous nephropathy (MN) are among the most common forms of primary glomerular diseases, with a rising global incidence. Despite their clinical importance, the underlying pathogenesis of these diseases and the development of reliable non-invasive diagnostic tools remain inadequately understood. Accumulating evidence suggests that gut microbiota and its associated metabolites may play a crucial role in the development of kidney diseases via the gut-kidney axis.

A cholecystokinin 2 receptor antagonist alleviates seizure severity in a mouse and miniature pig model of temporal lobe epilepsy.

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common type of acquired epilepsy characterized by recurrent spontaneous seizures. The entorhinal cortex (EC) lies in the medial temporal lobe and serves as a relay center between the hippocampus and neocortex, and contains cholecystokinin-positive (CCK+) neurons. Increased CCK expression has been reported in patients with TLE suggesting its role in epilepsy development.

Age and body mass index are associated with type Ⅲ aortic arch in patients undergoing digital subtraction angiography.

Background And Purpose: Type Ⅲ aortic arch can increase the difficulty of interventional surgery in patients with cerebrovascular diseases. This study was performed to explore the factors associated with type Ⅲ aortic arch.

Materials And Methods: This observational, multicenter, case-control study was performed in Shaanxi Province, China and involved 841 patients who underwent cerebral angiography at 3 stroke centers from April 2019 to August 2020.

Curcumin Prevents Neuronal Loss and Inhibits Development of Spontaneous Recurrent Seizures via the PPARγ/PTEN/Akt Pathway in Chronic Epilepsy.

Chronic epilepsy is mainly characterized by spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS). The peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma/phosphatase and tensin homolog/protein kinase B (PPARγ/PTEN/Akt) pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of SRS and neuronal loss. Curcumin is a natural compound, and previous studies have shown it provides neuroprotection via anti-inflammation and anti-oxidant effects in many central nervous system (CNS) diseases.

BAG2 releases SAMD4B upon sensing of arginine deficiency to promote tumor cell survival.

Cells possess numerous metabolite sensors that detect essential nutrients for growth, with many directly binding to metabolites and responding to their levels. Given the vital role of arginine in various physiological and pathological processes, we hypothesized that there may be undiscovered sensors that detect arginine deficiency. Through a series of unbiased screening strategies in human cancer cell line models, we identified Bcl2-associated athanogene (BAG) family molecular chaperone regulator 2 (BAG2) as an arginine sensor, which could directly bind to arginine at the glutamine residue 167 (Q167).

Respiratory toxicity mechanism of 6PPD and 6PPD-quinone: An integrated study based on network toxicology and molecular docking.

The widespread distribution of environmental contaminants poses a significant threat to public health. N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) and its ozone-derivative, 6PPD-quinone (6PPD-Q), are emerging pollutants that propagate through particulate matter and aerosols, exerting detrimental effects on the respiratory system. However, their specific pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear.

Multi-organ transcriptomics provide insights into growth regulation in the Dongtingking crucian carp (Carassius auratus indigentiaus).

To investigate the key regulatory genes and pathways related to growth traits in the Dongtingking crucian carp (Carassius auratus indigentiaus), the transcriptomes of brain, intestine, and muscle tissues were sequenced at early juvenile stage using RNA-Seq from two groups with extreme growth rates (fast-growing and slow-growing). A total of 65, 184, and 130 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in the brain, intestine, and muscle, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis highlighted that the PPAR signaling pathway, Insulin/PI3K/Akt/mTOR/FoxO/AMPK pathway, and Protein digestion and absorption pathways are crucial for growth in this species.

IL-8 and IL-1β in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patient With Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: A Case Report.

Inflammatory cytokines play a crucial role in Creutzfeldt-jakob disease (CJD). We examined inflammatory cytokine levels in both blood and CSF in a CJD patient and an epileptic encephalopathy as a control case. Results showed that IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels were elevated in blood, but only IL-8 and IL-1β levels, especially IL-8, were significantly elevated in Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Ethyl caffeate alleviates inflammatory response and promotes recovery in septic-acute lung injury via the TNF-α/NF-κB/MMP9 Axis.

Background: Septic acute lung injury (Septic-ALI, SA) is a severe complication of sepsis with limited clinical treatment options. Ethyl Caffeate (EC) is a phenolic compound isolated from Ilex latifolia Thunb (I. latifolia) of the Aquifoliaceae family.

The triglyceride-glucose index is associated with a higher risk of hypertension: evidence from a cross-sectional study of Chinese adults and meta-analysis of epidemiology studies.

Background: The results of population-based studies show a diverse association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and hypertension. The present study aimed to investigate this association based on a cross-sectional study on Chinese adults and meta-analysis of epidemiology studies.

Methods: The cross-sectional analysis used the baseline data from the on-going REACTION study in China.

Long Non-Coding RNA THRIL Promotes Influenza Virus Replication by Inhibiting the Antiviral Innate Immune Response.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recognized for their crucial roles in the replication processes of various viruses. However, the specific functions and regulatory mechanisms of many lncRNAs in influenza A virus (IAV) pathogenesis remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified lncRNA THRIL and observed a significant reduction in its expression following IAV infection in A549 cells.

Shunt Dependency Syndrome Combined with Sinus Stenosis after Cyst-peritoneal Shunting of Arachnoid Cyst: A 20-year Rare Complication.

Shunt dependence syndrome is a serious long-term complication characterized by symptoms and signs of increased intracranial pressure with normal-sized lateral ventricles after several years of arachnoid cyst-peritoneal shunting. It is easy to misdiagnose and overlook when combined with sinus stenosis, thus delaying treatment. Here, we present a 35-year-old man with an unexplained headache and binocular horizontal diplopia with high intracranial pressure.

Cortical HFS-Induced Neo-Hebbian Local Plasticity Enhances Efferent Output Signal and Strengthens Afferent Input Connectivity.

High-frequency stimulation (HFS)-induced long-term potentiation (LTP) is generally regarded as a homosynaptic Hebbian-type LTP, where synaptic changes are thought to occur at the synapses that project from the stimulation site and terminate onto the neurons at the recording site. In this study, we first investigated HFS-induced LTP on urethane-anesthetized rats and found that cortical HFS enhances neural responses at the recording site through the strengthening of local connectivity with nearby neurons at the stimulation site rather than through synaptic strengthening at the recording site. This enhanced local connectivity at the stimulation site leads to increased output propagation, resulting in signal potentiation at the recording site.

Molecular mechanism of IgE-mediated FcεRI activation.

Allergic diseases affect more than a quarter of individuals in industrialized countries, and are a major public health concern. The high-affinity Fc receptor for immunoglobulin E (FcεRI), which is mainly present on mast cells and basophils, has a crucial role in allergic diseases. Monomeric immunoglobulin E (IgE) binding to FcεRI regulates mast cell survival, differentiation and maturation.

N-acetylcysteine, a small molecule scavenger of reactive oxygen species, alleviates cardiomyocyte damage by regulating -mediated mitochondrial quality control and apoptosis in response to oxidative stress.

Background: Oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial damage is the major cause of cardiomyocyte dysfunction. Therefore, the maintenance of mitochondrial function, which is regulated by mitochondrial quality control (MQC), is necessary for cardiomyocyte homeostasis. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) function and its relationship with MQC.

Exosomal Drug Delivery Systems: A Novel Therapy Targeting PD-1 in Septic-ALI.

Background: The cytokine storm triggered by sepsis can lead to the development of acute lung injury (ALI). Human umbilical cord Mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes (HucMSCs-EXOs) have been demonstrated to possess immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties. Programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) plays a crucial role in maintaining the inflammatory immune homeostasis.

Lipidomics combined with random forest machine learning algorithms to reveal freshness markers for duck eggs during storage in different rearing systems.

The differences in lipids in duck eggs between the 2 rearing systems during storage have not been fully studied. Herein, we propose untargeted lipidomics combined with a random forest (RF) algorithm to identify potential marker lipids based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry (UPLPC-MS/MS). A total of 106 and 16 differential lipids (DL) were screened in egg yolk and white, respectively.

Novel genotypes and phenotypes in Snijders Blok-Campeau syndrome caused by mutations.

Background: Snijders Blok-Campeau syndrome (SNIBCPS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by facial abnormalities, hypotonia, macrocephaly, and global developmental delay (GDD) caused by mutations in gene. There is limited information on SNIBCPS and few studies on its pathogenic gene .

Methods: We utilized whole-exome sequencing, minigene splicing assay analysis, and construction of protein models to validate the suspected pathogenic mutation.