Unleashing the Therapeutic Power of Natural Alkaloids in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: State-of-the-Art Advances and Future Directions.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype characterized by the absence of ER, PR, and HER2, presenting significant challenges due to its heterogeneity and limited treatment options. Recent studies have identified naturally derived alkaloids as promising therapeutic agents, capable of targeting critical signaling pathways involved in TNBC progression, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR, STAT3, TGF-β, NF-κB, and p38 MAPK. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the past decade's advancements in alkaloid-based therapies for TNBC, emphasizing their impact on key pathways.

Leaf carbon nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in dominant trees across China's forests from 2005 to 2020.

Carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) are fundamental elements for plant growth and metabolism. Leaf C-N-P stoichiometry provides critical insights into plant nutrient use efficiency and ecosystem-scale carbon-nutrient interactions, particularly under global change. However, comprehensive long-term records of leaf C, N, and P concentrations remain scarce.

Development of Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy (MIR) Diagnostic Model for Udder Health Status of Dairy Cattle.

The somatic cell count (SCC) and differential somatic cell count (DSCC) are proxies for the udder health of dairy cattle, regarded as the criterion of mastitis identification with healthy, suspicious mastitis, mastitis, and chronic/persistent mastitis. However, SCC and DSCC are tested using flow cytometry, which is expensive and time-consuming, particularly for DSCC analysis. Mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIR) enables qualitative and quantitative analysis of milk constituents with great advantages, being cheap, non-destructive, fast, and high-throughput.

Ceritinib (LDK378) inhibits laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma progression via regulating ROS-induced mitochondrial apoptosis and inducing oxidative stress.

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a prevalent malignant tumor of the head and neck with unfavorable outcomes. Ceritinib, an FDA-approved tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), has not been thoroughly explored for its therapeutic potential in LSCC. In this study, we demonstrated that Ceritinib significantly inhibits the growth of LSCC cells (TU686 and AMC-HN8), disrupts oxidative stress homeostasis, and induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis.

Role of Mitochondria-Associated ER in Apoptosis.

Apoptosis represents a critical noninflammatory mechanism for cell clearance in both physiological and pathological contexts, precisely regulated through the balance between proapoptotic and antiapoptotic signaling. Three well-characterized apoptotic pathways have been identified: (1) the intrinsic (mitochondria-mediated) pathway, (2) the extrinsic (death receptor-mediated) pathway, and (3) the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress pathway. These processes are coordinated through the mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAMs), which serves as a vital coupling platform between mitochondria and the ER.

Constructing crystalline NiCoO/amorphous MoNiCo-LDH through high valence Mo doping for high-performance hybrid supercapacitors.

In this work, a crystalline/amorphous electrode material was prepared a simple method. Specifically, high-valent Mo was introduced to fabricate amorphous MNC-LDH, which was then used to construct crystalline NCO/amorphous MNC-LDH composite materials. The prepared sample exhibited a three-dimensional pompom-like structure composed of ultrathin nanoflakes and a hybrid interface between crystalline and amorphous phases, which benefited its electrochemical performance.

The Relationship Between Protein Fraction Contents and Immune Cells in Milk.

Mastitis significantly impacts both the yield and quality of milk. The somatic cell count (SCC) and differential somatic cell count (DSCC), which are related to immune cells, are primary indicators for assessing mammary gland health. In this study, eight previously established mid-infrared spectroscopy models were utilized to predict the content of milk protein fractions (αs1-CN, β-CN, κ-CN, total CN, α-LA, β-LG, IgG, and LF) in milk samples from 21,388 lactating cows across 33 herds.

Influence of milk storage time on mid-infrared spectroscopy and its predictions for amino acid content.

Mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIRS) is increasingly used as a rapid and effective analytical method for the quantitative prediction of detailed milk composition, such as minerals, fatty acids, and AA. These analyses require the transportation of samples to a certified laboratory. In this case, storage time may affect MIRS and its prediction results.

Endothelial Cell Senescence in Marfan Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Potential of TGF-β Pathway Inhibition.

Background: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a heritable connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in the Fibrillin-1 gene, which encodes the extracellular matrix protein fibrillin-1. Patients with MFS are predisposed to aortic aneurysms and dissections, significantly contributing to mortality. Emerging evidence suggests that endothelial cell (EC) senescence plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysms in MFS.

Pathogenicity and host-interacting mechanisms of enterogenic in silkworm.

Introduction: () is a facultative anaerobic, gram-negative bacterium that can be utilized for the biological control of pests. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenicity of E. cancerogenus in insect hosts remain largely unexplored.

Discovery of a New Class of Thiazolidin-4-one-Based Inhibitors of Human Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase: Biological Activity Evaluation, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics.

The continuous outbreak of various viruses reminds us to prepare broad-spectrum antiviral drugs. Human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH) inhibitor exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral effects. In order to explore the novel type of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitor (hDHODHi), we have optimized, designed, and synthesized 17 compounds and conducted biological activity evaluation, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics studies.

Comparison of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus-Induced Gene Expression Pattern in Tomato and Tobacco Plants.

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is a devastating pathogen that causes substantial yield losses, and this virus can infect both tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana). In this study, a constructed infectious clone of TYLCV was used for the exploration of tomato and tobacco plants' response to virus infection.

The triglyceride-glucose index is associated with a higher risk of hypertension: evidence from a cross-sectional study of Chinese adults and meta-analysis of epidemiology studies.

Background: The results of population-based studies show a diverse association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and hypertension. The present study aimed to investigate this association based on a cross-sectional study on Chinese adults and meta-analysis of epidemiology studies.

Methods: The cross-sectional analysis used the baseline data from the on-going REACTION study in China.

HSV-1 ICP22 condensates impair host transcription by depleting promoter RNAPII Ser-2P occupation.

Herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-1) infection-induced host transcript ion shutdown is one of the most critical hallmarks of viral lytic infection. However, how HSV-1 and which viral factors accomplish this dramatic effect is not well understood. In this study, we show that ICP22-defined condensates shutdown host global transcription but facilitate viral transcription.

1,3,4-Oxadiazole Sulfonamide Derivatives Containing Pyrazole Structures: Design, Synthesis, Biological Activity Studies, and Mechanism Study.

Sulfonamide derivatives have been widely used for pesticide research in recent years. Herein, 1,3,4-oxadiazole sulfonamide derivatives containing a pyrazole structure were synthesized, and their structure-activity relationship was studied. Bioactivity tests showed the remarkable efficacy of most synthesized compounds.

Prediction of individual total amino acids and free amino acids in Chinese Holstein cows milk using mid-infrared spectroscopy and their phenotypic variability.

Establishing a high-throughput detection technology for amino acid (AA) content in milk using mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy has profound implications for enhancing nutritional value of milk, identifying superior milk sources, producing specialty dairy products, and expanding Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) metrics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of MIR spectroscopy in predicting the content of 15 individual total AA (TAAs) and 16 free AA (FAAs) in bovine milk as well as to investigate the major factors affecting the phenotypic variability of AA content. From March 2023 to March 2024, 513 milk samples were collected from 10 Holstein dairy farms in China and analyzed using Bentley spectrometers for MIR measurements.

The bta-miR-22-3p can alleviate LPS-induced inflammatory response in yak endometrial epithelial cells by targeting KSR2.

Bovine endometritis is a common reproductive system disease in dairy cows that leads to decreased milk production and reproductive performance, causing significant economic losses for farmers. Research has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a significant role in regulating the expression of biological genes and are closely related to the occurrence of inflammation, including bta-miR-22-3p. However, the specific molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate bovine endometritis remain unclear.

The Genetic Characteristics of FT-MIRS-Predicted Milk Fatty Acids in Chinese Holstein Cows.

Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-MIRS) can be used for quantitative detection of milk components. Here, milk samples of 458 Chinese Holstein cows from 11 provinces in China were collected and we established a total of 22 quantitative prediction models in milk fatty acids by FT-MIRS. The coefficient of determination of the validation set ranged from 0.

Removal of cefuroxime from aqueous solution by biochars derived from antibiotic mycelial residue.

In China, antibiotic mycelial residue is categorized as hazardous waste. To achieve the harmless and resourceful disposal of cephalosporin, three types of biochars from cephalosporin mycelia residues, namely non-activated carbon (BC1), ZnCl-activated carbon (BC2), and KOH-activated carbon (BC3), were respectively fabricated by high-temperature pyrolysis carbonization technology. These three kinds of biochars were characterized via iodine value, FTIR, and SEM, and the adsorption performance of the prepared biochars was investigated using cefuroxime (CXM) as the adsorption target.