A 28 mK Resolution, -0.45 °C/+0.51 °C Inaccuracy Temperature Sensor Using Dual-Comparator Architecture and Logic-Controlled Counting Method.

This paper presents an all-CMOS temperature sensor with low power consumption, wide temperature range, and high precision in a 180 nm CMOS process. Based on the I-V characteristics of MOSFETs in the subthreshold region and the negative exponential biasing current generated by the self-bootstrapped bias circuit, the proposed temperature-sensing front-end produces CTAT and PTAT voltages with high linearity and high sensitivity. The voltage-to-time converter (VTC) adopts a dual-comparator architecture to expand the time interval for improving resolution.

Suppression of human and rat 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 by salicylate preservatives: 3D quantitative structure-activity relationship and in silico docking analysis.

The placenta contains 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (17β-HSD1), an enzyme critical for converting estrone to estradiol. Salicylates, widely used as preservatives, may inhibit 17β-HSD1, but their inhibitory strength and structure-activity relationships (SAR) remain unclear. This study evaluated 13 structurally diverse salicylates, identifying potent inhibitors of human and rat 17β-HSD1.

Quinazoline Alkaloids for Plant Protection: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Deoxyvasicinone Derivatives.

For many years, plant diseases brought about by viruses plus fungi have led to significant declines in crop yield as well as quality, highlighting the urgent need for the development of effective antiviral as well as fungicidal agents. Quinazolinone alkaloids have an important role in drug research and development (R&D). Herein, alkaloid deoxyvasicinone was chosen as the mother structure; deoxyvasicinone derivatives were designed, prepared, and evaluated for their antiviral and antifungal activities.

MC-ASFF-ShipYOLO: Improved Algorithm for Small-Target and Multi-Scale Ship Detection for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Images.

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ship detection holds significant application value in maritime monitoring, marine traffic management, and safety maintenance. Despite remarkable advances in deep-learning-based detection methods, performance remains constrained by the vast size differences between ships, limited feature information of small targets, and complex environmental interference in SAR imagery. Although many studies have separately tackled small target identification and multi-scale detection in SAR imagery, integrated approaches that jointly address both challenges within a unified framework for SAR ship detection are still relatively scarce.

Two-stage color fundus image registration via Keypoint Refinement and Confidence-Guided Estimation.

Color fundus images are widely used for diagnosing diseases such as Glaucoma, Cataracts, and Diabetic Retinopathy. The registration of color fundus images is crucial for assessing changes in fundus appearance to determine disease progression. In this paper, a novel two-stage framework is proposed for conducting end-to-end color fundus image registration without requiring any training or annotation.

Endothelial Cell Senescence in Marfan Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Potential of TGF-β Pathway Inhibition.

Background: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a heritable connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in the Fibrillin-1 gene, which encodes the extracellular matrix protein fibrillin-1. Patients with MFS are predisposed to aortic aneurysms and dissections, significantly contributing to mortality. Emerging evidence suggests that endothelial cell (EC) senescence plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysms in MFS.

Study on the Mechanism of Anti-Atopic Dermatitis by Herba Siegesbeckiae Based on Metabolomics.

Background: Atopic dermatitis is a common inflammatory skin disease worldwide that is characterized by skin barrier dysfunction, itching, and a reduced quality of life.

Objective: The research at hand aimed to delve into the anti-atopic dermatitis mechanism of Herba Siegesbeckiae, a traditional medicinal herb, using a metabolomic approach.

Methods: The molecular mechanism by which Herba Siegesbeckiae acts against atopic dermatitis was investigated by establishing a mouse model of atopic dermatitis while conducting a metabolomics analysis on its metabolites.

Study on the Mechanism of UMI-77 in the Treatment of Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury Based on Transcriptomics and Metabolomics.

Introduction: Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI), a critical sequela of systemic inflammation, often progresses to acute respiratory distress syndrome, conferring high mortality. Although UMI-77 has demonstrated efficacy in mitigating lung injury in sepsis, the molecular mechanisms underlying its action have not yet been fully elucidated.

Methods: This study aimed to delineate the mechanism by which UMI-77 counteracts sepsis-induced ALI using comprehensive transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses.

[Analysis of inorganic elements in Bambusae Concretio Silicea based on inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry].

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was employed to determine the content of 25 inorganic elements in Bambusae Concretio Silicea, and the elemental fingerprint was established according to the element content. SPSS 20.0 and SIMCA 14.

Energy insufficiency induced by high purine diet: Catalysts for renal impairment in hyperuricemia nephropathy rat model.

A high purine diet emerges as a significant risk factor for hyperuricemia, and this diet may potentiate hyperuricemia nephropathy. Despite this, the mechanistic underpinnings of kidney damage precipitated by a high purine diet warrant further research. In the current investigation, a hyperuricemia nephropathy rat model was developed through induction via a high purine diet.

[Optimization and identification of potential targets of obacunone against sepsis].

Objective: To investigate the molecular characteristics of obacunone, and to screen and identify potential targets of obacunone against sepsis.

Methods: The pharmacological parameters and molecular characteristics of obacunone were analyzed with the aid of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database Analysis Platform (TCMSP). The potential targets of obacunone against sepsis were screened using SwissTargetPrediction and Drug Repositioning and Adverse Drug Reaction Chemical-Protein Interactome (DRAR-CPI) software, with a Z'-score < -0.

[Evaluation of nutritional value of Bambusae Concretio Silicea based on content of 15 amino acids].

The content of 15 total amino acids(TAAs) in Bambusae Concretio Silicea was determined by HPLC with phenyl-isothiocyanate(PITC) for pre-column derivatization. The results showed that the content of TAA was 0.61-12.

[Textual research on Bambusae Concretio Silicea].

By studying various ancient texts such as herbal classics and medical literature from different eras, it was found that there were discrepancies in the records about Bambusae Concretio Silicea(Tian Zhu Huang). In order to establish an accurate foundation, this research was based on ancient herbal literature and combined with plant morphology and investigative studies to examine its earliest mentions in ancient texts, nomenclature, medicinal properties, indications, and quality assessment standards. In the early records, Bambusae Concretio Silicea was referred to by several different names, such as "Zhu Huang" "Tian Zhu Huang" "Zhu Gao" "Zhu Tang", and "Zhu Huang".

Palmatine ameliorated lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis-associated encephalopathy mice by regulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

Background: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), a common neurological complication from sepsis, is widespread among patients in intensive care unit and is linked to substantial morbidity and mortality rates, thus posing a substantial menace to human health. Due to the intricate nature of SAE's pathogenesis, there remains a dearth of efficacious therapeutic protocols, encompassing pharmaceutical agents and treatment modalities, up until the present time. Palmatine exhibits distinctive benefits in the regulation of inflammation for the improvement of sepsis.

leaf extract alleviated doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by regulating organic acid metabolism in gut microbiota.

leaf is commonly utilized for its beneficial effects in reducing blood pressure, inducing sedation, promoting diuresis, anti-aging, and cardioprotection, which also exhibit positive effects on the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota plays a role as an endocrine organ by producing bioactive metabolites that can directly or indirectly impact host physiology, specifically cardiovascular diseases. In this study, main chemical components of leaf extract (AVLE) were identified by LC-MS, and an orally administered AVLE was employed to treat mice with doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiotoxicity.

UMI-77 Modulates the Complement Cascade Pathway and Inhibits Inflammatory Factor Storm in Sepsis Based on TMT Proteomics and Inflammation Array Glass Chip.

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by infection, which has no specific drug at present. UMI-77 can significantly improve the survival rate of septic mice; the detailed role of UMI-77 and its underlying mechanisms in sepsis are not clear. Inflammation array glass chip and proteomic analyses were performed to elucidate the latent mechanism of UMI-77 in the treatment of sepsis.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Derivatives of the Marine Natural Product Laurene.

Plant pathogenic fungi and viruses are seriously threatening agricultural production. There is an urgent need to develop novel fungicides and antiviral agents with low toxicity and high efficiency. In this study, we designed and synthesized 32 thiazole-, hydrazone-, and amide-containing derivatives of laurene and systematically evaluated their antiviral activities and fungicidal activities.

Phenylpropanoid amides from and their phytotoxic activities against .

Introduction: , an annual malignant weed, has seriously damaged the ecological environment and biodiversity of invasion area. This alien plant gains a competitive advantage by producing some new phytotoxic substances to inhibit the growth of native plants, thus achieving successful invasion. However, the chemical structures, inhibitory functions and action mechanisms of phytotoxic substances of remain unclear.

[Mechanism of gypenoside XVII against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury based on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant responsive element signaling pathway].

Objective: To explore the mechanism of gypenoside XVII against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) through nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant responsive element (Nrf2/ARE) signaling pathway.

Methods: Forty SPF Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham operated group, I/R model group, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg gypenoside XVII groups (n = 8). Gypenoside XVII groups were administered 25, 50 or 100 mg/kg (0.

VGLL4-TEAD1 promotes vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells via TET2.

The Hippo signaling pathway plays a critical role in cardiovascular development and stem cell differentiation. Using microarray profiling, we found that the Hippo pathway components vestigial-like family member 4 (VGLL4) and TEA domain transcription factor 1 (TEAD1) were upregulated during vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) differentiation from H1 ESCs (H1 embryonic stem cells). To further explore the role and molecular mechanisms of VGLL4 in regulating VSMC differentiation, we generated a VGLL4-knockdown H1 ESC line (heterozygous knockout) using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and found that VGLL4 knockdown inhibited VSMC specification.

Niloticin binds to MD-2 to promote anti-inflammatory pathway activation in macrophage cells.

Objectives: Niloticin is an active compound isolated from with uncharacterized anti-inflammatory activity. We assessed the drug potential of niloticin and examined its ability to target myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD-2) to ascertain the mechanism for its anti-inflammatory activity.

Methods: The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database was used to evaluate niloticin.

prior and post-processing: Regulatory effects on intestinal flora of diabetic nephropathy rats.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common and serious chronic complications in the clinic. has the effects of replenishing and nourishing , tonifying liver and kidney, and it is one of the main traditional Chinese medicines used clinically to treat diabetes and its complications. However, the effect and mechanism of before and after processing on intestinal flora of diabetic nephropathy need to be further elucidated.

The interaction of MD-2 with small molecules in huanglian jiedu decoction play a critical role in the treatment of sepsis.

Huanglian Jiedu Decoction (HJD) is used for treating sepsis in China. Active components from HJD refer to various active ingredients of HJD, while active component formulation (ACF) refers to the combination of palmatine, berberine, baicalin, and geniposide from HJD according to the quantity of HJD. The detailed mechanisms of the active components from HJD and ACF in sepsis treatment are unclear.