Release of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from tire road wear particles in simulated digestive fluids: release rules and influencing factors.

The behavior of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) released from tire road wear particles (TRWPs) in human digestive fluids may pose a significant risk to human health. However, the current understanding of the release pattern and influencing factors of PAHs from TRWPs is still insufficient. In this study, the release characteristics of PAHs from UV-aging TRWPs (ATRWPs) were systematically investigated by in vitro digestive simulation experiments, release kinetic model fitting and control variable experiments.

Enzyme-Responsive Metallopeptide Hydrogel Enables Cancer Cell-Selective Prodrug Activation via Bioorthogonal Catalysis.

Chemotherapy is often hindered by systemic toxicity and poor selectivity. To address these issues, we develop an enzyme-responsive metallopeptide hydrogel (HY-Pd) that integrates enzyme-instructed self-assembly (EISA) and bioorthogonal catalysis for selective tumor-targeted prodrug activation. Upon exposure to alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which is overexpressed in osteosarcoma cells (Saos-2), HY-Pd selectively accumulates and self-assembles into catalytic nanofibers.

AoVps18 regulates sporulation, trap morphogenesis, and nematode predation by modulating vacuole assembly and attractant synthesis in .

Vacuoles are essential organelles in eukaryotic cells, playing key roles in cellular homeostasis through nutrient sensing, osmoregulation, and autophagy. In filamentous fungi, vacuole dynamics are crucial for mycelial growth, stress response, and pathogenicity. The vacuolar functions and their regulation in nematode-trapping (NT) fungi remain poorly understood.

A novel SWI/SNF complex promotes triple-negative breast cancer progression.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most prevalent and fatal cancer affecting women worldwide. The SWI/SNF complexes exhibit the ability to selectively replace subunits, thereby enabling a wide range of epigenetic functions. As an accessory subunit of this complex, ARID1B is critically involved in modulating chromatin accessibility and transcriptional regulation.

Efficacy of 3D-Printed Bioactive Glass Tetrahedral Particles for Vertical Bone Regeneration: A Comparative Study.

This study was designed to systematically evaluate the osteogenic efficacy of 3D-printed tetrahedral bioactive glass particles in vertical bone regeneration and compare their performance with that of conventional bone substitute materials. In this investigation, 3D tetrahedral bioactive glass particles were fabricated using digital light processing (DLP) additive manufacturing technology. The structural integrity and chemical composition of the particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to confirm their conformity to design specifications.

Fall Webworm Host Plant Preferences Generate a Reduced Predation Enemy-Free Space in Its Interaction with Parasitoids.

Plants and insects are developing strategies to avoid each other's defense systems. Host plants may release volatile compounds to attract the natural enemies of herbivores; insect pests may also select host plants that are deterrent to natural enemies to avoid such predation. Here we investigated whether the host plant preference of correlates with the attractiveness of these plants to , a parasitoid wasp that serves as the primary natural enemy of .

Van der Waals Magnetic Tunnel Junctions Based on Two-Dimensional 1T-VSe and Rotationally Aligned h-BN Monolayer.

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) are pivotal for spintronic applications such as magneto resistive memory and sensors. Two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures offer a promising platform for miniaturizing MTJs while enabling the twist-angle engineering of their properties. Here, we investigate the impact of twisting the insulating barrier layer on the performance of a van der Waals MTJ with the structure graphene/1T-VSe/h-BN/1T-VSe/graphene, where 1T-VSe serves as the ferromagnetic electrodes and the monolayer h-BN acts as the tunnel barrier.

Mechanism of low-temperature tolerance in wucai induced by exogenous thermospermine.

Wucai is an important specialty vegetable, and its low-temperature tolerance is associated with a polyamine, thermospermine (T-Spm) according to our previous study. However, the mechanism underlying the effect of T-Spm has not been elucidated yet. In this study, we investigated the relationship between T-Spm and cold tolerance of wucai by exogenously applying T-Spm to wucai seedlings exposed to low-temperature stress with water application as control.

A Multi-load balancing control strategy for a novel low carbon integrated energy system for buildings.

With the escalating global energy demand and the pressing need for clean energy, innovations in building energy systems are crucial. This paper proposes a Multi - load Balancing Control Strategy (MLBS) based on the Improved Tuna Swarm Optimization (ITSO) algorithm. By integrating battery and compressed air energy storage, the strategy enhances the building energy system's flexible dispatch capability.

Effects of theta burst stimulation on cognitive function and characteristics of blood oxygen alterations based on near-infrared spectroscopy in chronic schizophrenia.

Background: To explore the efficacy of theta burst stimulation (TBS) on the cognitive function of chronic schizophrenia, and to analyze the effect of TBS on brain function using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).

Methods: One hundred stable chronic schizophrenia patients were selected and divided randomly into the experimental group (50 cases) and control group (50 cases). The experimental group received real TBS stimulation to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) for 4 weeks, while the control group received sham stimulation to the same site.

A nine-gene signature with potential targets for predicting the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer.

Background: The incidence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is high and the prognosis is poor. It has become one of the important factors threatening the economic development and social stability of the region. The lack of effective early diagnostic biological indicators is the main reason for the late visit time and high mortality rate of clinical patients with ESCC.

Prediction of Early Recurrence After Bronchial Arterial Chemoembolization in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Using Dual-energy CT: An Interpretable Model Based on SHAP Methodology.

Rationale And Objectives: Bronchial artery chemoembolization (BACE) is a new treatment method for lung cancer. This study aimed to investigate the ability of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) to predict early recurrence (ER) after BACE among patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who failed first-line therapy.

Materials And Methods: Clinical and imaging data from NSCLC patients undergoing BACE at Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated Fifth *** Hospital (10/2023-06/2024) were retrospectively analyzed.

Biosynthesis of CuS nanozymes for synergistic antibacterial applications: Biosynthetic parameters optimization and antimicrobial mechanisms elucidation.

The imperative to address antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections necessitates the development of novel antibacterial materials and methodologies, with nanozymes exhibiting peroxidase-like activity emerging as a highly promising option. Here, sulfate-reducing bacteria served  as bioreactors to biosynthesize copper sulfide nanoparticles (Bio-CuS NPs) via dissimilatory sulfate reduction pathways. By optimizing cultivation parameters such as pH, Cu concentration, and carbon source, we successfully produced Bio-CuS NPs with a reduced size, enhanced crystallinity, and superior peroxidase-like activity.

Isolation and preliminary pathogenicity of a recent feline astrovirus strain in China.

Feline astroviruses (FeAstVs) have been increasingly detected in cats in recent years, yet their isolation and pathogenicity remain poorly characterized. In this study, we screened 86 feline diarrheal samples and identified FeAstV in 9.3% (8/86) of the cases, most of which were co-infected with feline parvovirus (FPV).

Synergizing PdSb Site with Neighboring Near-Surface Pd Site to Break the Trade-Off between Selectivity and Activity of Alkyne Semihydrogenation.

Catalytic hydrogenation of trace alkynes in excess alkenes is essential for producing polymer-grade olefins from steam cracking and alkane dehydrogenation, but achieving high selectivity without sacrificing activity remains a significant challenge. Herein, we report a catalyst design that synergistically integrates computationally proposed surface PdSb trimer sites with near-surface Pd sites (Pd) on the 6/ PdSb intermetallic catalyst to achieve the semihydrogenation of alkynes with both high activity and selectivity. Alkynes can be readily activated through strong σ-bonding on the PdSb trimer sites, whereas alkenes are only weakly adsorbed via π-interactions due to their matched electronic structures and spatial configurations.

A Novel R140S γc Variant Alters Cellular Distribution, Reduces Surface Expression, and Impairs Cytokine Signaling in Atypical X-SCID.

The interleukin-2 receptor γ (IL-2Rγ, or γc) is a crucial component of several cytokine receptor complexes. Deficiencies in γc lead to X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID), characterized by recurrent infections due to the absence or dysfunction of T and NK cells, and nonfunctional B cells. Missense variants in the γc extracellular region are linked to atypical X-SCID with normal counts of T, B, and NK cells and less severe symptoms, yet the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are not well understood.

Four-Dimensional-Printed Woven Metamaterials for Vibration Reduction and Energy Absorption in Aircraft Landing Gear.

Addressing the urgent need for lightweight and reusable energy-absorbing materials in aviation impact resistance, this study introduces an innovative multi-directional braided metamaterial design enabled by 4D printing technology. This approach overcomes the dual challenges of intricate manufacturing processes and the limited functionality inherent to traditional textile preforms. Six distinct braided structural units (types 1-6) were devised based on periodic trigonometric functions (Y = A sin(12πX)), and integrated with shape memory polylactic acid (SMP-PLA), thereby achieving a synergistic combination of topological architecture and adaptive response characteristics.

Rationale and design of Low-Frequency REpetitive TRanscranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Endovascular Treatment in ACute Ischaemic StrokE (RETRACE II): a randomised double-blind controlled multicentre phase II pilot study.

Background: While endovascular therapy (EVT) remains the primary treatment for acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) management, persistent functional deficits in patients with successful recanalisation underscore the necessity for complementary neuroprotective strategies.

Aim: To investigate the safety and efficacy of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF-rTMS) as a potential adjunctive neuroprotective intervention following EVT in AIS patients.

Design: The Low-Frequency REpetitive TRanscranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Endovascular Treatment in ACute Ischaemic StrokE (RETRACE-II) trial is a phase II, multicentre, prospective, randomised, double-blind, sham-controlled pilot study.

Mevalonate kinase deficiency: genetic and clinical characteristics of a Chinese pediatric cohort.

Background: Mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) is a rare autoinflammatory disease, and mevalonic aciduria (MA) is a severe phenotype of MKD. The present study reports the characteristics of MKD and four novel mutations in the mevalonate kinase (MVK) gene in a Chinese cohort.

Method: A retrospective study was conducted on patients diagnosed with MKD from July 2013 to December 2024.

VWF Deficiency Inhibits EndoMT to Attenuate Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, interstitial lung disease lacking efficient drug to reverse it. Thus, to elucidate the complex pathogenesis of IPF and identify new therapeutic targets are urgently needed. It has been revealed that the pathophysiology of IPF is a highly orchestrated process including multiple cell types, where the contribution of endothelial cells (ECs) has also been attracted researchers' attention.

A self-adaptive and versatile tool for eliminating multiple undesirable variations from large-scale transcriptomes.

Accurate identification of true biological signals from diverse undesirable variations in large-scale transcriptomes is essential for downstream discoveries. Here we develop a universal deep neural network, called DeepAdapter, to eliminate various undesirable variations including batch, platform, purity and other unknown sources from transcriptomic data. Our approach automatically learns the corresponding denoising strategies to adapt to different situations.

Potent β-lactam-based tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 inhibitors identified by a virtual screen.

Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) is an important therapeutic target. We recently reported several crystal structures of TDP1 with small molecules bound within the catalytic pocket. These molecules bind by forming hydrogen bonds with residues of the catalytic HKN motifs.

Functional connectivity network based on scalp electroencephalogram in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.

Background: Advances in neuroimaging technology have identified epilepsy as a disorder of brain network dysfunction. Previous research has confirmed alterations in the brain functional network of patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). However, studies investigating brain network changes in JME patients under different intervention conditions remain scarce.

Effect of egg white peptides‑selenium chelate against APAP-induced damage in HepG2 cells and C. elegans via Nrf2 signaling.

Overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) can cause severe liver injury, and selenium chelating peptide is a promising treatment strategy. This study optimized the chelation process of sodium selenite with egg white protein-hydrolyzed peptides and obtained two highly active peptides (WHCSeMAQ and FMSeCSeFFV) after ultrafiltration, LC-MS and batch docking screening, which could bind to Keap-1 via hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds, promoting Nrf2 release. The two peptides attenuated APAP-induced liver injury in HepG2 cell by modulating the Nrf2 pathway, enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzyme activities GSH-Px, CAT, and SOD, and decreasing ROS and MDA levels.