Small extracellular vesicles orchestrated pathological communications between breast cancer cells and cardiomyocytes as a novel mechanism exacerbating anthracycline cardiotoxicity by fueling ferroptosis.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) critically orchestrate inter-tissue and inter-organ communications and may play essential roles in heart-tumor interaction. However, whether cancer-secreted sEVs affect the progression of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (DOXIC) via orchestrating the tumor cell-cardiomyocyte crosstalk has not yet been explored. Herein, we reveal that Doxorubicin (DOX)-treated breast cancer cells secrete sEVs (D-BCC-sEVs) that exacerbate DOX-induced ferroptosis of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiCMs).

U-shaped association between post-stroke cognitive impairment and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol at the acute period of stroke.

Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) imposes a significant economic and social burden on patients and their families. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is reported to have protective effects on cognitive function in older adults. This study assesses the effects of HDL-C during the acute period of stroke on PSCI.

Associations between endothelial inflammatory markers and cerebral small vessel disease in a community-based population.

Background: Endothelial inflammation is involved in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) pathogenesis. Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) are biomarkers of endothelial inflammation.

Aims: This study investigated association of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 with presence of CSVD and CSVD burden.

Machine learning for the prediction of blood transfusion risk during or after mitral valve surgery: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

This study aimed to identify the optimal prediction method and key preoperative variables for red blood cell (RBC) transfusion risk in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery. We conducted a retrospective study involving 1477 patients from eight large tertiary hospitals in China who underwent mitral valve surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. From thirty collected preoperative variables, the Max-Relevance and Min-Redundancy (mRMR) method was used for feature selection, and various machine learning models were evaluated.

Cross-reactivity mediated by SARS-CoV-2 antibodies: Mechanism and impact of elevated HIV ELISA false-positive rates in the late-phase COVID-19 pandemic.

This study analyzed the correlation between false-positive HIV ELISA results (using Bio-Rad reagents) and SARS-COV-2 antibody levels in 301 unpaid apheresis platelet donors with prior infection or vaccination, enrolled from Zhejiang Blood Center between February 1 and May 31, 2023. Trends in both the HIV ELISA false-positive rate and SARS-COV-2 antibody levels were assessed. The false-positive rate rose in early 2023, peaking at 0.

Detecting Acute Ischemic Lesions Using Mobile, Low-Field MRI in TIA and minor stroke in the Emergency Room.

Background: Using mobile low-field MRI in the emergency department to detect cerebral infarction(s) in patients with minor ischemic stroke (MIS) and transient ischemic attack (TIA) has not yet been thoroughly reported.

Aim: We aimed to evaluate the performance of mobile low-field (0.23T) MRI in detecting acute ischemic infarction in MIS or TIA patients within 72 hours of symptom onset and compare it to CT in those scanned within 24 hours.

Spectroscopic characterization of three fungicides using terahertz spectroscopy and DFT theory, combined with convolutional neural networks for quantitative analysis of tebuconazole.

Fungicides are essential agrochemicals for the prevention and control of plant diseases. Counterfeit products, often lacking enough active ingredients, can compromise disease management and pose risks to agricultural safety. Precise quantification of the chemical structure and concentration of active components enables reliable authentication of fungicide formulations, ensuring their efficacy in crop protection and supporting the quality and safety of agricultural production.

Stroke-Aware CycleGAN: Improving Low-Field MRI Image Quality for Accurate Stroke Assessment.

Low-field portable magnetic resonance imaging (pMRI) devices address a crucial requirement in the realm of healthcare by offering the capability for on-demand and timely access to MRI, especially in the context of routine stroke emergency. Nevertheless, images acquired by these devices often exhibit poor clarity and low resolution, resulting in their reduced potential to support precise diagnostic evaluations and lesion quantification. In this paper, we propose a 3D deep learning based model, named Stroke-Aware CycleGAN (SA-CycleGAN), to enhance the quality of low-field images for further improving diagnosis of routine stroke.

A similar effect of fibrinogen on efficacy and safety of tenecteplase alteplase in acute ischemic cerebrovascular events (TRACE II) trial.

Background And Objectives: Hemostasis factors affecting clot patterns, particularly fibrinogen, may influence the effectiveness of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). We aimed to investigate the impact of differences in fibrinogen plasma levels on the efficacy and safety of tenecteplase alteplase in an acute ischemic cerebrovascular events-II (TRACE-II) trial.

Methods: In a multi-center, prospective, open-label, end-point blinded, randomized, controlled trial.

Galloylated liposomes enable targeted drug delivery by overcoming protein corona shielding.

Ligand-targeted nanomedicines provide precise delivery, enhance drug accumulation, and reduce side effects, but their clinical translation is hindered by challenges like protein corona formation, which can mask targeting ligands and impair functionality, and complex manufacturing processes. Here we develop galloylated liposomes (GA-lipo) by incorporating gallic acid-modified lipids into lipid bilayers, enabling the stable and controlled adsorption of targeting ligands through non-covalent physical interactions. This approach preserves ligand orientation and functionality, ensuring that binding sites remain exposed even in the presence of a protein corona.

Advances in corneal preservation: A comparative narrative review of active and non-active methods.

Corneal transplantation, a critical treatment for corneal blindness, depends on effective preservation of donor corneal tissue. Preservation techniques are broadly classified into active and non-active methods based on the viability of endothelial cells. Active preservation-such as hypothermic storage and organ culture-maintains endothelial cell viability and is primarily used in penetrating keratoplasty.

Elimination of Intraspecific Competition Does Not Improve Maize Leaf Physiological and Biochemical Responses to Topsoil Degradation.

Soil degradation limits maize grain yield, but the mechanisms by which leaf functions respond to topsoil depth and their contributions to yield are unclear. We quantified the response mechanisms of leaf functions to topsoil depth with topsoil depths of 10 cm (S), 20 cm (S), 30 cm (S), 40 cm (S), and 50 cm (S) and planting densities of 15,000 plants ha (D, the plant spacing was 111.1 cm and there was no mutual influence between individuals) and 75,000 plants ha (D).

Sex Differences in the Impact of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk Burden on Cognitive Health.

Background: Sex affects the prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk factors but whether sex differences exist in the associations between ASCVD risk burden and cognitive function is unclear.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included participants from a population-based cohort study in China that recruited community-dwelling adults aged 50 to 75 years without baseline cardiovascular disease and stroke. The 10-year ASCVD risk burden was quantified with 3 multivariate risk prediction equations.

Lesion Network Mapping for Atrial Fibrillation Newly Detected on ECG or Cardiac Monitoring After Stroke.

Background: Atrial fibrillation detected after stroke is a distinct clinical entity that may stem from cardiogenic-neurogenic interactions. We aimed to illuminate the lesion network mapping of atrial fibrillation newly detected on ECG or cardiac monitoring after stroke and explore the association between the central autonomic network and occurrence of atrial fibrillation.

Methods: We performed voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping, structural disconnection connectome mapping and functional disconnection connectome mapping to locate lesions and networks for atrial fibrillation newly detected on ECG or cardiac monitoring after stroke.

ACLY promotes NK cell effector function by regulating glycolysis and histone acetylation.

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune lymphocytes important for host viral and tumor immunity. We investigated the requirement for ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) in NK cell function using an inducible genetic mouse model. ACLY regulates the citrate-malate shuttle, generating cytosolic acetyl-coenzyme A that is primarily used for acetylation or lipid synthesis.

Endovascular Therapy Versus Medical Management for Large Ischemic Infarct: 1-Year Outcomes of the ANGEL-ASPECT Trial.

Background: Several trials have shown the benefit and safety of endovascular therapy (EVT) compared with medical management (MM) of patients with a large ischemic core in the 90-day follow-up. However, the 1-year outcome comparison between EVT and MM in Asian patients with a large ischemic core has not been investigated. Our aim was to evaluate the 1-year outcomes of patients in the ANGEL-ASPECT trial (Endovascular Therapy in Acute Anterior Circulation Large Vessel Occlusive Patients with a Large Infarct Core).

Association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and ischemic stroke outcomes under different glucose metabolism statuses: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), a marker of systemic inflammation, is associated with clinical outcomes after stroke. This study aimed to explore the relationship between baseline hs-CRP levels and outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with different glucose metabolism statuses.

Methods: Using data from the China National Stroke Registry III, patients with AIS or transient ischemic attack were categorized by baseline hs-CRP (low-risk, <1.

Emerging cGAS-STING Agonist-Based Nanotherapeutics: Mechanistic Insights and Applications in Cancer Combination Therapy.

The cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway has emerged as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy. Activation of the cGAS-STING pathway holds significant potential to enhance antitumor immunity. However, their efficacy remains constrained by various drug delivery and pharmacological obstacles, including poor stability, limited cellular uptake, inefficient intracellular delivery, suboptimal tumor targeting, and immunotoxicity.

Exploring the Association Between Cerebellar Regional Volumes and Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Ischemic Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study.

The roles of cerebellum after ischemic stroke remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the influence of cerebellar regional volumes on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke. Using data from the China National Stroke Registry III (CNSR-III) cohort, patients having supratentorial ischemic stroke (SIS) with complete clinical and neuroimaging data were included.

Transfer dynamics of extracellular antibiotic resistance genes during antibiotic and municipal wastewater treatment: contribution analysis and host identification.

The occurrence, transfer contribution, and potential hosts of intracellular and extracellular antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in an antibiotic and a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WTP) were comprehensively evaluated. Free-extracellular ARGs (eARGs) were dominant in effluents (59.4-79.

Renal dysfunction and outcomes for thrombolysis-treated stroke beyond 4.5 hours: Trace-Ⅲ post hoc analysis.

Objective: Concerns regarding bleeding risks have limited the use of intravenous thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with renal dysfunction (RD). This study investigated the impact of RD on the efficacy and safety of Tenecteplase (TNK) thrombolysis in AIS patients with large vessel occlusions (LVO) beyond the 4.5 h window.

Coronary Atherosclerosis and Subclinical Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: A Robust Association Beyond Intracranial Atherosclerosis and Cardiac Systolic Function.

Background: This study investigates the associations between asymptomatic coronary atherosclerosis and subclinical cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) in a community-based population, considering potential confounding by intracranial atherosclerosis and cardiac systolic function.

Methods: Community-dwelling residents from the PRECISE (Polyvascular Evaluation for Cognitive Impairment and Vascular Events) study in Lishui City, China (n=3021; mean age, 61.2±6.

Rationale and design of Low-Frequency REpetitive TRanscranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Endovascular Treatment in ACute Ischaemic StrokE (RETRACE II): a randomised double-blind controlled multicentre phase II pilot study.

Background: While endovascular therapy (EVT) remains the primary treatment for acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) management, persistent functional deficits in patients with successful recanalisation underscore the necessity for complementary neuroprotective strategies.

Aim: To investigate the safety and efficacy of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF-rTMS) as a potential adjunctive neuroprotective intervention following EVT in AIS patients.

Design: The Low-Frequency REpetitive TRanscranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Endovascular Treatment in ACute Ischaemic StrokE (RETRACE-II) trial is a phase II, multicentre, prospective, randomised, double-blind, sham-controlled pilot study.

Effect of Stroke Severity on Efficacy and Safety of Indobufen versus Aspirin in Patients with Moderate to Severe Stroke: Results from the INSURE Randomized Clinical Trial.

Aims: Stroke severity may affect the benefits and safety of antiplatelet therapies. We aimed to investigate whether the efficacy and safety of indobufen versus aspirin were affected by stroke severity.

Methods: We compared the efficacy and safety of indobufen versus aspirin in patients with NIHSS scores of 4-6, 7-9, and 10-18.