Directed Structural Evolution of Nickel Nanoparticles into Atomically Dispersed Sites for Efficient CO Electroreduction.

Electrochemical CO reduction (CORR) to carbon monoxide (CO) offers a sustainable pathway for carbon utilization, yet challenges remain in terms of improving selectivity and activity. Herein, we report a Ni/NC catalyst synthesized via a milling - pyrolysis method, in which Ni particles anchored on nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) are electrochemically activated under an Ar atmosphere, leading to their structural evolution into single-atom Ni sites. After activation in Ar atmosphere, the current density nearly doubles (from ≈30 to ≈60 mA cm), and concurrently, the Faradaic efficiency of CO stays at ∼90% with the potential set to -0.

Patterns of Mitochondrial ATP Predict Tissue Folding.

The construction of complex tissue shapes during embryonic development results from spatial patterns of gene expression and mechanical forces fueled by chemical energy from ATP hydrolysis. We find that chemical energy is similarly patterned during morphogenesis. Specifically, mitochondria are locally enriched at the apical sides of epithelial cells during apical constriction, which is widely used across the animal kingdom to fold epithelial tissues.

Hydrogen-Rich Water Attenuates Diarrhea in Weaned Piglets via Oxidative Stress Alleviation.

Early weaning of piglets elicits weaning stress, which in turn induces oxidative stress and consequently impairs growth and development. Hydrogen-rich water (HRW), characterized by selective antioxidant properties, mitigates oxidative stress damage and serves as an ideal intervention. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of HRW on weaned piglets, specifically investigating its impact on growth performance, diarrhea incidence, antioxidant function, intestinal morphology, gut microbiota, and hepatic metabolites.

Cyanine-scaffold fluorogenic probes for visual detection of nitroreductase in living bacteria.

Bacterial infections pose significant challenges in clinical diagnostics and microbiological research due to the need for rapid, sensitive, and specific detection methods. Herein, we report the development of Cy5-NO2, a novel nitro-containing fluorescent probe designed for real-time monitoring of bacterial nitroreductase (NTR) activity. Cy5-NO2 is synthesized through a streamlined, high-yield process without chromatography, yielding a stable compound confirmed by X-ray crystallography and spectroscopic methods.

Deep learning-driven multi-hierarchical granularity integration for surgical scene understanding: experimental study.

Background: A comprehensive understanding of surgical scenes by computers is a crucial foundation for achieving intelligent surgical assistance and autonomous decision-making. Surgical scene information encompasses coarse-grained data reflecting the overall process and fine-grained details showcasing specific operations. This study aims to construct a standardized, full-grained annotation dataset for laparoscopic radical nephrectomy and develop a deep learning framework for multi-hierarchical granularity integration, providing support for clinical intelligent applications.

Global research trends on ALK-TKIs in non-small cell lung cancer: a bibliometric analysis.

Background: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related incidence and mortality worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) constitutes the most prevalent histological subtype of lung cancer. A notable proportion of NSCLC patients harbor mutations in the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene, and treatment with ALK-TKIs has demonstrated favorable therapeutic efficacy in ALK-positive patients.

Low lattice thermal conductivity driven by weak interlayer interaction and acoustic-optical coupling in the SrZnSbF thermoelectric material.

The thermoelectric performance of the SrZnSbF compound is comprehensively evaluated using first-principles calculations and Boltzmann transport theory in present study. The electronic band structure shows that the SrZnSbF compound is semiconductor with a direct bandgap of 0.64 eV.

Acid-Alkaline Double Electrolytes for High-Energy Aqueous Proton Batteries.

Aqueous proton batteries offer a promising energy storage solution due to their inherent safety, rapid ion mobility, and low cost. However, their performance is largely constrained by water's limited electrochemical stability, restricting operating voltage and energy density. This study addresses this challenge by introducing an innovative acid-alkaline double electrolyte configuration to achieve high-voltage aqueous proton batteries.

Language-Driven Cross-Attention for Visible-Infrared Image Fusion Using CLIP.

Language-guided multimodal fusion, which integrates information from both visible and infrared images, has shown strong performance in image fusion tasks. In low-light or complex environments, a single modality often fails to fully capture scene features, whereas fused images enable robots to obtain multidimensional scene understanding for navigation, localization, and environmental perception. This capability is particularly important in applications such as autonomous driving, intelligent surveillance, and search-and-rescue operations, where accurate recognition and efficient decision-making are critical.

Delicately Tailoring Morphology of Silver Phosphate Crystals with High-Gravity.

Tailoring the morphology and regulating the microstructure of semiconductors are crucial for optimizing their physicochemical properties. However, precise control over these characteristics of semiconductors during nucleation and growth remains challenging. Here, it isdemonstrated that nucleation and crystal growth processes of semiconductors can be meticulously modulated by adjusting the applied external force by high-gravity.

Topological prethermal strong zero modes on superconducting processors.

Symmetry-protected topological phases cannot be described by any local order parameter and are beyond the conventional symmetry-breaking model. They are characterized by topological boundary modes that remain stable under symmetry respecting perturbations. In clean, gapped systems without disorder, the stability of these edge modes is restricted to the zero-temperature manifold; at finite temperatures, interactions with mobile thermal excitations lead to their decay.

Effects of FAP cancer-associated fibroblasts on anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and CD4 T cell polarization in gastric cancer.

The immune evasion mechanisms of gastric cancer are complex, involving various cellular dysfunctions within the tumor microenvironment. Recently, there has been growing interest in how cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) contribute to tumor immune evasion. However, the precise molecular pathways through which CAFs drive immune escape in the context of gastric cancer are not yet fully elucidated.

Exploring Europium Complex With Aggregation Induced Emission Properties for Immune Fluorescence Test Strips Applications.

Highly luminescent nanospheres have been demonstrated to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) due to their loading of numerous luminescent dyes. Herein, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogens (AIEgens)-embedded nanospheres (AIENPs) with red-emissive AIE-active europium complexes were developed as signal amplification probes for LFIA for rapid and point-of-care detection of COVID-19 biomarkers, nasopharyngeal carcinoma biomarkers, and methamphetamine. Compared with the colloidal gold-based rapid and point-of-care detection approach, the AIENPs-based approach showed more than 10 times sensitivity to the target proteins and small molecules, highlighting its significant potential for pathogen- or cancer-related diseases early detection and screening, as well as its applicability in public safety monitoring.

Reasonable Design of Near-Infrared Boron Dipyrromethene with Cationic Pyridinium for Super-Resolution Imaging of Dynamic Voltages of Mitochondria in Living Cells.

Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ) is a critical regulator of cellular homeostasis and an established biomarker in mitochondrial dysfunction. While super-resolution fluorescence imaging reveals intrinsic links between mitochondrial ultrastructure and function, prolonged monitoring of the dynamic ΔΨ remains constrained by the scarcity of photostable voltage-sensitive probes. Here, we designed and synthesized three water-soluble near-infrared boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) probes ().

Exploring the Potential Mechanism of Smilax Glabra Roxb in Periodontitis Through Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking.

Introduction: This study aims to explore the potential mechanisms of Smilax Glabra Roxb (SGR) in the treatment of periodontitis using network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Methods: The active components and targets of SGR were identified using the TCMSP, STITCH, and SwissTargetPrediction databases, while periodontitis-related targets were retrieved from GeneCards, TTD, and OMIM. Overlapping targets were subjected to Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) analysis via the STRING platform, followed by network analysis using Cytoscape software and the MCODE plugin to identify key protein targets.

Cavity-enhanced Rydberg atomic superheterodyne receiver.

High-sensitivity measurements of the microwave electric field are important in applications of communication and metrology. The sensitivity of traditional Rydberg superheterodyne receivers in free space is effectively determined by the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which is often considered equivalent to sensitivity in practical sensing applications. In this work, we demonstrate a cavity-enhanced receiver, where an optical cavity significantly amplifies the interaction between the probe light and cesium atoms, which substantially improves the signal-to-noise ratio via enhancing the expansion coefficient .

High-fat circulating nutrients promote growth and invasion in a 3D microfluidic tumor model of triple-negative breast cancer.

Diet influences the levels of small molecules that circulate in plasma and interstitial fluid, altering the biochemical composition of the tumor microenvironment (TME). These circulating nutrients have been associated with how tumors grow and respond to treatment, but it remains difficult to parse their direct effects on cancer cells. Here, we combine a three-dimensional (3D) microfluidic tumor model with physiologically relevant culture media to investigate how concentrations of circulating nutrients influence tumor growth, cancer cell invasion, and overall tumor metabolism.

T17 cells regulate chemokine expression in epithelial cells through C/EBPβ and dictate host sensitivity to colitis and cancer immunity.

T17 cells play a critical role in inflammation, cancer development, and antitumor immunity in a context-dependent manner, but detailed mechanisms and their downstream signaling events remain poorly understood. Here, we describe that T17 cytokines strongly inhibit expression of critical chemokines in epithelial tissues, which leads to blocking infiltration of proinflammatory immune cells into the colon, rendering resistance to DSS-induced colitis and colon cancer. We show that key chemokine expression dictates the sensitivity of WT mice to DSS treatment.

Observation of quantum Darwinism and the origin of classicality with superconducting circuits.

The transition from quantum to classical behavior is a central question in modern physics. How can we rationalize everyday classical observations from an inherently quantum world? Quantum Darwinism offers a compelling framework to explain this by proposing that the environment redundantly encodes information about a quantum system, leading to the objective reality. Here, by leveraging cutting-edge superconducting quantum circuits, we observe the highly structured branching quantum states that support classicality and the saturation of quantum mutual information, establishing a robust verification of quantum Darwinism and the underlying geometric structure of quantum states.

Negatively charged α-synuclein condensate modulates partitioning of molecules.

α-Synuclein (αSyn) aggregation via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has recently emerged as a crucial mechanism underlying amyloid fibril formation implicated in Parkinson's disease. However, comprehensive investigation of the physicochemical properties of αSyn condensate remains incomplete. Here, we demonstrate that αSyn condensates exhibit a highly negative electrostatic potential, revealed by preferential enrichment of positively charged fluorophores or fluorophore-labeled αSyn.

Evaluation of Apical Sealing Ability of a Calcium Silicate-Based Root Canal Sealer nRoot SP Using Different Obturation Techniques.

Objectives: Well-qualified obturation, especially in the apical region, is the key to successful root canal treatment. The objective of the current study was to evaluate and compare the apical sealing ability of the calcium silicate-based root canal sealer nRoot SP with AH Plus and iRoot SP using both single-cone (SC) and continuous wave condensation (CWC) techniques.

Methods: In total, 102 extracted human anterior teeth were decoronated and 12 mm of each root was preserved.

Assembly of Silver Nanoparticle on One-Dimensional Supramolecular Scaffolds for Bacterial Infection Treatment.

Bacterial antibiotic resistance has emerged as a major global threat to human health. The rapid spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria severely limits therapeutic and diagnostic options in clinical practice. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) exhibit potent antibacterial activity due to their unique antimicrobial mechanisms.