Proteomic insights into chronic pancreatitis: Proteome-wide mendelian randomization to identify potential therapeutic targets.

Background: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is characterized by progressive fibrosis and irreversible pancreatic dysfunction, lacking disease-modifying therapies. We aimed to identify druggable targets through proteome-wide mendelian randomization (PW-MR).

Methods: Protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) from UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project (2923 proteins) and deCODE study (4719 proteins) were analyzed.

Circulating Cell-Free Mitochondrial DNA as a Prognostic Biomarker in Patients With HBV-Related Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure.

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), particularly hepatitis B virus-related ACLF (HBV-ACLF), is a severe condition with high short-term mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) in predicting short-term mortality in HBV-ACLF patients. A total of 320 HBV-ACLF patients were included in the study population, with 192 patients in the derivation cohort and 128 in the validation cohort.

Targeting cholesterol metabolism in tumor and its immune microenvironment: opportunities and challenges.

Cholesterol metabolism provides cell and organelle membrane components, and its precursors and derivatives exert a variety of biological functions. Dysregulated cholesterol metabolism has emerged as a hallmark of tumors. In the tumor microenvironment, cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic cues reprogram cholesterol metabolism to drive tumorigenesis and tumor development.

Lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation in metabolic plasticity and disease pathogenesis.

Lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation (Kbhb) represents a novel post-translational modification (PTM) mediated by ketone body metabolites, particularly β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB). This modification exhibits dynamic elevation under ketogenic conditions including diabetic ketoacidosis, neonatal metabolic disorders, fasting, and sustained physical exertion, where circulating BHB concentrations exceed physiological thresholds. Emerging evidence positions Kbhb as a critical epigenetic-metabolic interface, with demonstrated regulatory roles spanning oncology, immunomodulation, cardiovascular homeostasis, neuropsychiatric disorders, circadian biology, and developmental processes.

Gypensapogenin I alleviates PANoptosis, ferroptosis, and oxidative stress in myocardial ischemic-reperfusion injury by targeting the NOX2/AMPK pathway.

Aim: This study aims to investigate the benefits of gypensapogenin I (GI) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: An MIRI model was established by ligating the anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) followed by blood flow restoration in mice. Cardiac dysfunction and myocardial infarction size were evaluated by echocardiography and triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining.

Intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy as pathways to innovative teaching: a mixed-methods study of faculty in Chinese higher education.

This mixed-methods study, grounded in Self-Determination Theory and Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory, investigated the interplay between intrinsic motivation, self-efficacy, and innovative teaching practices among faculty members in Chinese higher education. A quantitative survey (n = 357) examined these relationships using structural equation modeling (SEM). The qualitative data from focus groups (n = 18) provided deeper insights into faculty experiences and perspectives.

The Mechanosensitive Ion Channel Piezo1 Regulates Chondrocyte Homeostasis Through the PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 Pathway in Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent chronic joint disease with complicated pathogenesis, causing pain and dysfunction. The mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1 is an important mechanoreceptor on chondrocytes and may be involved in the process of OA. However, its role and mechanism remain elusive.

Targeting DRP1Ser637 Phosphorylation Alleviates Acidic Bile Salt-Induced NF-κB Activation via Mitochondrial Protection.

Background And Aims: The role of mitochondrial dynamics in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) remains unclear. We investigated how bile acid-induced mitochondrial dysfunction triggers mucosal inflammation and explored therapeutic targets.

Methods: Esophageal mucosal biopsies from 12 GERD patients and 12 controls underwent RNA-seq.

Bibliometrics and visual analysis of the research status and trends of placenta accreta spectrum disorder over the past decade.

Objective: This study aims to perform a bibliometric analysis of the literature concerning placenta accreta spectrum disorders (PASDs) over the past decade, with the objective of elucidating the current status and developmental trends in global research. It seeks to systematically assess the associated risk factors, diagnostic methodologies and therapies of PASDs, thereby providing a foundation for enhancing diagnostic and management strategies.

Methods: The Web of Science database was utilized to retrieve literature pertaining to PASDs from 2015 to 2024.

Update of safety profile of bile acid sequestrants: A real-world pharmacovigilance study of the FDA adverse event reporting system.

Background: Bile acid sequestrants (BASs), including cholestyramine, colestipol, and colesevelam, are widely used in endocrine and gastrointestinal disorders. However, their long-term safety remains under-characterized. This study leveraged real-world pharmacovigilance data to evaluate underreported and subclass-specific adverse events (AEs) associated with BASs.

6PPD and 6PPDQ exposure promote the proliferation and migration of non-small cell lung cancer cells through PTEN dysfunction and ARG2-mediated metabolic reprogramming.

N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) is a widely used antioxidant in tire rubber. Exposure to 6PPD and its quinone derivative, 6PPDQ, has increasingly been linked to environmental pollution and potential health risks. Given the established association between environmental contaminants and the incidence of lung cancer-particularly the prevalence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as a major malignancy-the specific effects of 6PPD and 6PPDQ on NSCLC progression remain unexplored.

Usefulness of the internal-to-external circle area ratio in contrast-enhanced CT to differentiate small (< 3 cm) fat-poor angiomyolipoma from renal cell carcinoma.

Background: This study aimed to assess the use of morphological parameters, including the internal-to-external circle area ratio (IECR), in contrast-enhanced CT to distinguish small (< 3 cm) fat-poor angiomyolipoma (AML) from renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Methods: A total of 212 tumors (35 fat-poor AMLs and 177 RCCs) in the initial cohort were retrospectively evaluated using contrast-enhanced CT. Morphological characteristics (angular interface sign [AIS] score, overflowing beer sign [OBS] score, tumor diameter, circularity index, and IECR) were compared between RCC and fat-poor AML.

[Source and Health Risk Assessment of Groundwater Metal Elements of a Tailings Mining Area in Southern China].

Groundwater metal elements pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems in the tailings area. Identifying its distribution characteristics and sources provides data and methodological support for precise prevention and control of groundwater pollution. Spatial distribution characteristics of nine metal elements （Al， Zn， Cu， Mn， Pb， Cd， Fe， Ba， and As） in groundwater were revealed using descriptive statistics and kriging interpolation.

Associations between serum pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) and heptadecanoic acid (C17:0) levels and hypertension: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data.

Background: Pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) and heptadecanoic acid (C17:0) are considered to have protective effects on cardiovascular health. However, research on the relationship between C15:0 and C17:0 levels and hypertension remains limited. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate the association between serum levels of odd-chain fatty acids (C15:0 and C17:0) and prevalent hypertension.

Development and validation of a CT algorithm based on intratumoral necrosis and tumor morphology to predict the nuclear grade of small (2-4 cm) solid clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Preoperative non-invasive prediction of the World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology (WHO/ISUP) nuclear grade of small clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) can aid in decision making for active surveillance. The study aimed to develop and validate a CT algorithm for the prediction of the WHO/ISUP nuclear grade of small (2-4 cm) solid ccRCC.

Methods: A total of 233 patients with 233 ccRCCs (50 high-grade [WHO/ISUP grades 3-4] and 183 low-grade [WHO/ISUP grades 1-2]) in the initial cohort were enrolled in this study.

A cell-type-specific epigenetic mechanism encodes social investigatory behavior via Lrhcn1 and Hcn1.

Social investigation is a complex behavior essential for understanding the surrounding world and is impaired in some major neuropsychiatric disorders. Yet, little is known about whether and, if yes, how social investigation is encoded in a specific type of cortical neurons. Here, we generated a computer vision tool to track social behavior of naïve mice and categorized them as high versus low social states.

Multiplexed lncRNA Analysis in Breast Cancer via Cascade Amplification Reaction through Fluorescent and Electrochemical Dual-Signal Output Modalities.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have increasingly come to the forefront as promising blood biomarkers in the realm of cancer diagnosis and treatment, sparking intense interest in early cancer detection. Nevertheless, considering that cancer is a complex, multistage disease, the detection of a single lncRNA alone is insufficient to precisely mirror the progression of the disease. In the present study, we devised a sophisticated dual-mode sensing strategy that ingeniously combined fluorescent and electrochemical modalities through a cascade amplification reaction, which allowed for the concurrent identification of lncRNA MALAT1 and HOTAIR.

Hepatoprotective drug screening identifies daclatasvir, a promising therapeutic candidate for MASLD by targeting PLIN2.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) has become a global health challenge with limited therapeutic strategy. Here, this study aims to identify promising drug candidates for MASH and clarify its pharmacological mechanism. By extensive screening of FDA-approved hepatoprotective medicines using a PA/OA-stimulated hepatocytes model, we identified daclatasvir showing potent anti-MASH capacity against hepatic steatosis deposition and inflammatory response.

ERF.D2 negatively controls drought tolerance through synergistic regulation of abscisic acid and jasmonic acid in tomato.

Plants inevitably encounter a diverse array of constantly changing environmental stresses, and drought stands out as one of the most severe threats to plants. Abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonic acid (JA) work synergistically to increase plant drought tolerance, but their interplay during drought response remains elusive. Here, we uncovered that ABA induced the degradation of a negative transcription regulator, ethylene responsive factor (ERF.

Association between phthalate exposure and reproductive health in patients undergoing assisted reproductive treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizes current literature examining the relationship between phthalate exposure and reproductive health in patients undergoing assisted reproductive treatment (ART). We conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), and Wanfang databases. From 16 relevant publications identified, five studies were included in the systematic review and 11 in the meta-analysis.

Spatiotemporal variations in Pearl River plume dispersion over the last decade based on VIIRS-derived sea surface salinity.

A river plume indicates the dispersion and transport path of pollutants from runoff, monitoring the spatiotemporal variation of river plume distribution from space is crucial for marine environmental governance. This study focuses on the Pearl River Plume (PRP), and takes the Pearl River Delta coastal waters, China as study area. We developed a machine learning-based sea surface salinity (SSS) estimation algorithm for the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on-board the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership satellite (SNPP), leveraging extensive field-measured SSS data from the study area.

Global, Regional and National Burden of Stomach Cancer and Its Prediction in 25 Years: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Given the tremendous threat of stomach cancer (SC) to global public health, detailed information and dynamic updates on the SC health burden are needed to mitigate the repercussions. In this article, we present a systematic analysis of the global burden and trends of SC using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021, aiming to provide insights for forming effective global management and prevention strategies. Stomach cancer incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and the corresponding age-standardized rates (ASRs) were estimated.

Robust projection parameter calibration in cryo-ET with L-norm optimization.

Fiducial marker-based alignment in cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) has been extensively studied over a long period. The calibration of projection parameters using nonlinear least squares technique methodologies stands as the ultimate and pivotal stage in the alignment procedure. The efficacy of calibration is substantially impacted by noise and outliers in the marker data obtained from previous steps.

The suppressive role of GLS in radiosensitivity and irradiation-induced immune response in LUAD: integrating bioinformatics and experimental insights.

Background: Radiotherapy elicits immune activation, thereby synergistically enhancing systemic tumor control when combined with immunotherapy. Glutaminase (GLS), a key enzyme for glutamine metabolism, has been found to regulate glutamine availability within tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the precise mechanisms through which GLS modulates radiosensitivity and irradiation-induced immune responses in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and its clinical value remain to be fully elucidated.