Transcriptome-wide regulation of folate on neural mRNA mA methylome via carbon metabolism in Drosophila and mammals.

Increasing evidence shows that folate can regulate neural gene function through DNA modification, while regulatory roles of folate in neural RNA modification remain largely unknown. Here we show that folate treatment significantly increased Drosophila mRNA mA levels. RNA methylation analysis indicates that carbon metabolism pathways and neural pathways are the mainly affected pathways by folate.

Volume analysis of hippocampus and amygdala subregions in patients with retinal detachment.

Background: We aimed to investigate the pattern of atrophy in the hippocampus and amygdala subregions in patients with retinal detachment (RD) and its correlation with cognition and emotion.

Methods: The study recruited 32 patients diagnosed with RD alongside 33 healthy controls (HCs), carefully matched for sex and age. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of all participants underwent automated segmentation to delineate hippocampal and amygdala subfields, utilizing FreeSurfer v6.

DEM Study and Field Experiments on Coupling Bionic Subsoilers.

Subsoiling is an effective tillage method for breaking up the plough pan and reducing soil bulk density. However, subsoilers often encounter challenges such as high draft resistance and excessive energy consumption during operation. In this study, the claw toes of the badger and the scales of the pangolin were selected as bionic prototypes, based on which coupling bionic subsoilers were designed.

Triggering Reversible Optical Transformation of Monolayer WSe via Photoswitchable and Cleavable Solid Azobenzene Material.

Stimuli engineering physical properties of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have attracted intense interest due to the intriguing potential in future optoelectronics, valleytronics, and quantum information science. Azobenzene molecules provide an ideal platform to manipulate the optical properties of monolayer TMDCs. Here, we employed reversibly photoswitchable and mechanically cleavable solid azobenzene derivative polycrystal to fabricate van der Waals heterostructure and elucidated the interface interaction between the azobenzene molecule and monolayer WSe via visible laser-driven isomerization.

Robust projection parameter calibration in cryo-ET with L-norm optimization.

Fiducial marker-based alignment in cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) has been extensively studied over a long period. The calibration of projection parameters using nonlinear least squares technique methodologies stands as the ultimate and pivotal stage in the alignment procedure. The efficacy of calibration is substantially impacted by noise and outliers in the marker data obtained from previous steps.

Network centrality alterations in patients with moyamoya disease after combined revascularization surgery: a resting-state fMRI study.

Objective: This study aimed to explore alterations in brain network characteristics among patients with moyamoya disease (MMD) before and after combined revascularization surgery (CRS).

Methods: This investigation enrolled 20 MMD patients alongside 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). All participants underwent MRI scans.

Abnormal intrinsic brain functional network dynamics in patients with retinal detachment based on graph theory and machine learning.

Background: and purpose: The investigation of functional plasticity and remodeling of the brain in patients with retinal detachment (RD) has gained increasing attention and validation. However, the precise alterations in the topological configuration of dynamic functional networks are still not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the topological structure of dynamic brain functional networks in RD patients.

The Electroretinogram I-Wave, a Component Originating in the Retinal OFF-Pathway, Associates With a Myopia Genetic Risk Polymorphism.

Purpose: One of the strongest genetic associations with myopia is near the GJD2 gene. Recently, this locus was associated with cone-driven electroretinograms (ERGs), with findings highlighting OFF pathway signals specifically. The ERG i-wave is thought to originate in retinal OFF pathways.

Aberrant dynamic functional network connectivity in patients with diffuse axonal injury.

Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) results in aberrant functional connectivity and is significantly linked to cognitive impairment. Nevertheless, the network mechanisms influencing neurocognitive function following DAI remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the characteristics of static and dynamic functional network connectivity (FNC) in patients with DAI.

Intravascular enhancement sign at 3D T1-weighted turbo spin echo sequence is associated with cerebral atherosclerotic stenosis.

Objective: Intravascular enhancement sign (IVES) at three-dimensional T1-weighted turbo spin echo (3D T1W TSE) sequence may be a simple hemodynamic maker. This study aims to investigate the association between IVES and features of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS).

Method: Retrospective analysis of clinical and imaging data of patients who underwent high resolution-vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI) examination from May 2021 to May 2023.

Compact Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detector with Adjustable Laser Focal Spot for Multiple Purposes.

In many research fields, the demand for miniaturized laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection systems has been increasing. This work has developed a compact LIF detector, employing a laser diode as the excitation source and a photodiode as the photodetector with an adjustable laser focal spot, to meet the diverse requirements of various observation targets, such as capillaries, PCR tubes, and microfluidic chips. It features the functionalities of background fluorescence correction, the adaptive adjustment of the dynamic range, and constant power control for the laser.

Markerauto2: A fast and robust fully automatic fiducial marker-based tilt series alignment software for electron tomography.

Cryoelectron tomography (cryo-ET) has become an indispensable technology for visualizing in situ biological ultrastructures, where the tilt series alignment is the key step to obtain a high-resolution three-dimensional reconstruction. Specifically, with the advent of high-throughput cryo-ET data collection, there is an increasing demand for high-accuracy and fully automatic tilt series alignment, to enable efficient data processing. Here, we propose Markerauto2, a fast and robust fully automatic software that enables accurate fiducial marker-based tilt series alignment.

Biomimetic Design of Soil-Engaging Components: A Review.

Soil-engaging components play a critical role in agricultural production and engineering construction. However, the soil-engaging components directly interacting with the soil often suffer from the problems of high resistance, adhesion, and wear, which significantly reduce the efficiency and quality of soil operations. A large number of featured studies on the design of soil-engaging components have been carried out while applying the principles of bionics extensively, and significant research results have been achieved.

Relationship between the intravascular enhancement sign on three-dimensional T1-weighted turbo spin echo and intraluminal thrombus in middle cerebral artery atherosclerosis.

Purpose: To investigate the association between the intravascular enhancement sign (IVES) and intraluminal thrombus (ILT) detected by high-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI) in patients with middle cerebral artery (MCA) atherosclerosis.

Method: The data of patients who underwent HR-VWI between May 2021 and May 2023, including clinical information, the number of IVES vessels, stenosis degree, ILT, plaque features on 3D T1-weighted turbo spin echo sequences, and signal intensity ratio (SIR) on 3D time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography, were retrospectively analyzed. Correlation and logistic regression analyses were performed.

Altered Resting-State Amygdalar Functional Connectivity in Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma Patients.

Background: Glaucoma patients frequently present with depressive symptoms, the development of which is closely associated with amygdalar activity. However, no studies to date have documented glaucoma-related changes in the functional connectivity (FC) of the amygdala. Accordingly, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) analyses were herein used to evaluate changes in amygdalar FC in primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) patients.

Systematic assessment of transcriptomic and metabolic reprogramming by blue light exposure coupled with aging.

The prevalent use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has caused revolutionary changes in modern life, but the potential hazards to health of blue light are poorly understood. N-methyladenosine (mA) is the most prevalent posttranscriptional modification in eukaryotes and can modulate diverse physiological processes by regulating mRNA fate. Here, to understand the effects and molecular mechanisms of daily low-intensity blue light exposure (BLE) and ascertain whether mA methylation plays a role in BLE-induced phenotypes, we constructed a series of models under different durations of daily low-intensity BLE and obtained multiomics profiles.

The Design and Experimental Validation of a Biomimetic Stubble-Cutting Device Inspired by a Leaf-Cutting Ant's Mandibles.

Under the conditions of conservation tillage, the existence of the root-soil complex greatly increases the resistance and energy consumption of stubble-cutting blades, especially in Northeast China. In this research, the corn root-soil complex in Northeast China was selected as the research object. Based on the multi-toothed structure of the leaf-cutting ant's mandibles and the unique bite mode of its mandibles on leaves, a gear-tooth, double-disk, bionic stubble-cutting device (BSCD) was developed by using a combination of power cutting and passive cutting.

The value of 3D T2-weighted SPACE sequence in the differential diagnosis of spinal arteriovenous fistula and acute transverse myelitis.

Objective: Spinal arteriovenous fistulas (SAVF) was often neglected and misdiagnosed as acute transverse myelitis (ATM) due to its insidious onset and non-specific clinical symptoms. This study aims to investigate the differential diagnostic value of high-resolution T2-weighted volumetric sequence (3D sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts using different flip-angle evolutions [SPACE]) in patients with SAVF and ATM.

Methods: Retrospectively analyzed the clinical and radiological findings of 32 SDAVF patients and 32 ATM patients treated at our institutions from May 2018 to January 2023.

Mechanosensitive ion channel gene survey suggests potential roles in primary open angle glaucoma.

Although glaucoma is a disease modulated by eye pressure, the mechanisms of pressure sensing in the eye are not well understood. Here, we investigated associations between mechanosensitive ion channel gene variants and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Common (minor allele frequency > 5%) single nucleotide polymorphisms located within the genomic regions of 20 mechanosensitive ion channel genes in the K2P, TMEM63, PIEZO and TRP channel families were assessed using genotype data from the NEIGHBORHOOD consortium of 3853 cases and 33,480 controls.

Association of intravascular enhancement sign on 3D-T1W TSE with collateral status in middle cerebral artery occlusion stroke.

Objective: The significance of the intravascular enhancement sign (IVES) on high-resolution magnetic resonance vascular wall imaging (HR-VWI) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the IVES and collateral assessment derived from digital subtraction angiography (DSA).

Method: A total of 75 patients with occlusion of the first segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) who underwent HR-VWI and DSA examinations at our research institution between November 2016 and February 2023 were included.

Association of intravascular enhancement sign detected on high-resolution vessel wall imaging with ischaemic events in middle cerebral artery occlusion.

Purpose: Patients with intracranial artery occlusion have high rates of ischaemic events and recurrence. Early identification of patients with high-risk factors is therefore beneficial for prevention. Here we assessed the association between the intravascular enhancement sign (IVES) on high-resolution vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI) and acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) in a population with middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion.

Parameter Optimization and DEM Simulation of Bionic Sweep with Lower Abrasive Wear Characteristics.

High wear rates during the tillage process often result in significant financial losses and wasted farming seasons. In this paper, a bionic design was used to reduce tillage wear. Inspired by wear-resistant animals with ribbed structures, the bionic ribbed sweep (BRS) was designed by combining a ribbed unit with a conventional sweep (CS).

Structural Mechanical Properties of 3D Printing Biomimetic Bone Replacement Materials.

One of the primary challenges in developing bone substitutes is to create scaffolds with mechanical properties that closely mimic those of regenerated tissue. Scaffolds that mimic the structure of natural cancellous bone are believed to have better environmental adaptability. In this study, we used the porosity and thickness of pig cancellous bone as biomimetic design parameters, and porosity and structural shape as differential indicators, to design a biomimetic bone beam scaffold.