Event-triggered optimal control for modular reconfigurable manipulators with input constraints based on model predictive control.

This paper proposes an event-triggered optimal control method for modular reconfigurable manipulators(MRMs) based on model predictive control(MPC). By using a decentralized optimization method based on MPC, the optimal control problem of MRMs is transformed into independent optimization tasks for each module, while a global MPC optimization framework is utilized to coordinate the modules, ultimately optimizing the overall performance of the entire system. In order to avoid the safety hazards caused by excessive torque, hyperbolic tangent function is added to constrain the input torque.

Yuzhi Zhixue Granules regulate the JAK/STAT pathway to affect T-cell differentiation in the colon of ulcerative colitis.

Purpose: Yuzhi Zhixue (YZZX) granules, a classic Chinese herbal remedy, have demonstrated efficacy in managing hemorrhagic and inflammatory conditions, and are clinically used to treat uterine bleeding. Building upon their documented clinical applications and phytochemical composition, we hypothesized that YZZX may also possess therapeutic potential against ulcerative colitis (UC). This research aimed to examine the immunomodulatory effects of YZZX granules on Th1/Th17-mediated immune reactions in a murine UC model induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).

68Ga-NODAGA-SNA006 PET/CT Imaging of Tumor CD8+ T-Cell Infiltration Predicts Immunotherapy Response in Lung Cancer.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the potential of 68Ga-NODAGA-SNA006 PET/CT imaging as a noninvasive method for assessing immune cell infiltration and predicting treatment response in lung cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy.

Patients And Methods: A prospective study enrolled 8 patients with histologically confirmed lung cancer who received first-line chemotherapy combined with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. 68Ga-SNA006 PET/CT imaging was performed before treatment.

Recent progress in the use of periplocin, periplocymarin and periplogenin in cancer treatment.

Periplocin, periplocymarin and periplogenin are the main active components of . The most cytotoxic constituent of , periplocin is an alpha cardiac glycoside with a steroid core and an unsaturated five-membered lactone ring structure. Periplocymarin is a secondary alpha cardiac glycoside, which is produced by removing one molecule of glucose from periplocin, and periplogenin is the glycosidic portion and the basic unit of periplocin and periplocymarin.

Treatment Landscape for Older Men With Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer in the United States.

Objective: This study evaluated treatment patterns and factors associated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) intensification with androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI) and/or docetaxel among older men with mHSPC in the United States.

Methods: The study utilized a retrospective cohort of 6850 older men (age ≥ 67 years) diagnosed with mHSPC between July 2016 and December 2019 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Medicare-linked database. Men must maintain continuous enrollment in Medicare fee-for-service Parts A/B/D for ≥ 12 months before mHSPC diagnosis and ≥ 6 months after diagnosis.

Optically-driven organic nano-step actuator for reconfigurable photonic circuits.

The assembling and reconfiguration of the integrated devices are of great importance to extend the capability of photonic chips based on top-down fabrication approaches. Here, we demonstrate a fully-programmable organic micro-actuator for precise manipulation of on-chip microstructures. Controlled by a low-power laser, the micro-actuator achieves a 30 nm motion step size, and shows the capability to traverse various chip substrates, overcome obstacles, and push microspheres to target locations.

Smart textile interfaces based on protein structure-reconstructed bovine serum albumin hydrogel fibers for disability support.

Human-machine interaction (HMI) textile interfaces with safe ingredients for intelligent wearable sensing systems are critical in the era of information and the metaverse. To address the dual limitations of traditional synthetic polymer hydrogels (poor biocompatibility) and pure protein-based materials (limited mechanical performance), this study has redesigned the protein structure for a bovine serum albumin (BSA)-based composite hydrogel fibers system. By leveraging the synergistic interplay of dynamic ionic crosslinking and covalent crosslinking, the hydrogel system achieves enhancements in both mechanical strength and processability.

A fusion ORF3a-E subgenomic RNA involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection efficacy by influencing cellular protein synthesis.

Subgenomic RNAs (sgRNAs) are discontinuous transcription products of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that are involved in viral gene expression and replication, but their exact functions are still being studied. Here, we report the identification of a nested ORF3a-sgRNA, the fusion ORF3a-E-sgRNA, which is involved in the infection process of SARS-CoV-2. This sgRNA encodes both ORF3a and E and can be detected throughout the viral life cycle in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells with high copy numbers.

Case Report: Advanced magnetic resonance imaging findings in two cases of anaplastic papillary glioneuronal tumor: one case with glioblastoma-like progression.

Papillary glioneuronal tumors (PGNTs) are classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as Grade I neoplasms, with only sporadic reports of anaplastic variants demonstrating aggressive clinical behavior and distinct histopathological characteristics. This study presents two cases of anaplastic PGNT, including one that ultimately progressed to glioblastoma (WHO Grade IV). The first case involved a 47-year-old female patient without a history of seizures.

Effects of Cassava and Modified Starch on the Structural and Functional Characteristics of Peanut Protein-Based Meat Analogs.

Meat analog manufacturing via high-moisture extrusion technology is a complex process wherein the properties of protein materials constitute a critical determining factor. In this study, we enhanced the fiber structure properties of high-moisture extruded peanut protein-based meat analogs by incorporating different starches (cassava starch, acetyl distarch phosphate [ADSP], and hydroxypropyl starch) to address challenges in water retention, emulsification, and digestibility. The impact of the starch content (0, 3, 6, 9, 12%) was assessed using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance, ultraviolet/fluorescence spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and functional tests.

Approach to the Patient with Primary Hyperparathyroidism in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary disorder in which patients develop multiple endocrine tumors simultaneously. Among these, primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the most common and often the earliest manifestation. All patients with MEN1 and hypercalcemia should have surgery, with most patients requiring surgical treatment before the age of 50.

Two ways to learn in visuomotor adaptation.

Previous research has demonstrated significant inter-individual variability in the recruitment of the fast-explicit and slow-implicit processes during motor adaptation. In addition, we previously identified qualitative individual differences in adaptation linked to the formation and updating of new memory processes. Here, we investigated quantitative and qualitative differences in visuomotor adaptation with a design incorporating repeated learning and forgetting blocks, allowing for precise estimation of individual learning and forgetting rates in fast-slow adaptation models.

Application of three-dimensional fluorescence spectral characterization and chemometrics in the analysis of traceability of Paeoniae Radix Rubra.

Natural products are treasure troves of resources that the environment has given upon humans and are directly linked to human health and well-being. Extracting natural products from medicinal plants is the material basis for treating various diseases but the natural product content of the same medicinal plant can vary due to environmental conditions, which may exert an influence on the therapeutic outcome. Since the existing identification methods for the origin of medicinal plants are cumbersome, it is necessary to find a easy, quick, and accurate way to trace the origins of medicinal plants and ensures the quality of natural products.

Region-Selective Oxygen Vacancy Engineering for Ferroelectric HfZrO Thin Films Processed at 300 °C.

The discovery of ferroelectricity in hafnium oxide (HfO) thin films has positioned it as a leading material for next-generation nonvolatile memory. However, the integration of HfO-based ferroelectric thin films into back-end-of-line (BEOL) processes remains challenging due to the high thermal budget required to stabilize the ferroelectric orthorhombic (O) phase. In this work, we achieve robust stabilization of the O-phase at a significantly reduced annealing temperature of 300 °C solely through oxygen vacancy engineering.

Effect of Auxiliary Occlussal Devices on the Occlusal Accuracy of Multiple Implant-Supported Restorations Fabricated Using Digital Workflow: A Randomized Control Trial.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of auxiliary occlusal devices (AODs) in improving occlusal accuracy and reducing clinical adjustments in a fully digital workflow for multiple (3 or more) implant-supported single crowns.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-nine patients with a total of 106 implant-supported single crowns were enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned to either the test group (with AODs) or the control group (without AODs).

Different concentrations of exopolysaccharides enhance the freeze resistance of Lactobacillus plantarum: Transcriptomics and metabolomics.

The study aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of exopolysaccharides (EPS) derived from Pediococcus acidilactici S1 on the cell physiological functions of Lactobacillus plantarum FQR during the freezing process. Results demonstrated that the addition of 70 mg/mL EPS as a cryoprotectant achieved a maximum survival rate of 91.99 ± 3.

High-resolution 3-D characterization and detection of subsurface defects in metal additive manufacturing using laser ultrasonic.

With the advancement of metal additive manufacturing, components fabricated by this technique are being increasingly adopted across various industries. However, due to the influence of fabrication parameters, components tend to develop defects during the manufacturing process. Timely detection of defects in the heat-affected zone (the subsurface region) is crucial, as process parameters can be adjusted and reprocessing can be performed to eliminate such defects.

Comparing the Efficacy of Solely Scapular Stability Training versus Combined Thoracic Flexibility Training in Elite Table Tennis Players with Scapular Dyskinesis.

This study aimed to compare the effects of scapular stability training (SST) alone and combined scapular stability and thoracic flexibility training (TFT) in elite table tennis players with scapular dyskinesis (SD). Thirty players were categorized into three groups based on the presence of scapular dysfunction: the control (n = 10), shoulder (n = 10, with dysfunction), and chest groups (n = 10, with dysfunction). The shoulder group underwent scapular stability training alone, while the chest group underwent combined scapular stability and thoracic flexibility training.

Electroacupuncture suppresses motor impairments via microbiota-metabolized LPS/NLRP3 signaling in 6-OHDA induced Parkinson's disease rats.

Emerging evidence indicates that electroacupuncture (EA) exerts significant therapeutic effects on Parkinson's disease (PD)-related symptoms, with the immune mechanisms of the gut-brain axis playing a pivotal role in PD pathophysiology. This study aimed to explore whether EA mitigated PD-related symptoms and conferred neuroprotection to dopaminergic neurons in a 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model by modulating the microbiota-metabolized lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/NLRP3 pathway. EA treatment ameliorated motor and anxiety symptoms in 6-OHDA rats and elevated the levels of TH.

Feasibility of relaxation-exchange magnetic resonance imaging (REXI) for measuring water exchange across the blood-CSF barrier in the human choroid plexus.

The choroid plexus (CP) is important for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) secretion and forms the blood-CSF barrier (BCSFB), which is essential for brain homeostasis. However, noninvasive methods for evaluating BCSFB function remain limited. Previously, we introduced a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique, relaxation-exchange MRI (REXI), to quantify water exchange between CP and CSF in rats by leveraging the substantial difference in transverse relaxation times between CP tissue and CSF.

Impact of schizophrenia-associated risk genes on brain functional networks and executive deficits: a study of individuals with schizophrenia and genetic high risk.

Background: Schizophrenia (SCZ) and genetic high-risk (GHR) individuals exhibit deficits in brain functional networks and cognitive function, potentially impacted by SCZ risk genes. This study aims to delineate these impairments in SCZ and GHR individuals, and further explore how risk genes affect brain networks and executive function.

Methods: A total sample size of 292 participants (100 SCZ, 68 GHR, and 124 healthy controls [HCs]) in the study.

In-service training needs and expectations of junior nurses in Chinese emergency departments: A qualitative study based on the COM-B model.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the in-service training needs and expectations of junior nurses in Chinese emergency departments, using the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model to inform the development of targeted training strategies.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive design and inductive thematic analysis were used. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with 16 emergency department (ED) staff between January and February 2025.

Proteomic profiling reveals distinct inflammatory and neurogenic endotypes in rosacea.

Background: Rosacea represents a chronic inflammatory dermatosis with potential systemic manifestations. While neuroimmune dysregulation and systemic inflammation are implicated in its pathogenesis, comprehensive proteomic profiling remains unexplored.

Objective: To characterize serum proteomic signatures and identify molecular endotypes in rosacea.