Disruptions of morphological brain networks and their associations with multi-symptoms in children with spastic cerebral palsy.

Background: Spastic cerebral palsy (SCP) is associated with extensive alterations in regional cortical morphology. However, the specific effects of SCP on the topological organization of morphological brain networks remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate these effects and explore their potential correlations with clinical manifestations in SCP children.

Directed and efficient generation of calretinin interneurons from human pluripotent stem cells.

Background: Schizophrenia, autism, and epilepsy are associated with dysfunctions in cortical GABAergic interneurons. Calretinin-expressing interneurons, the most prominent type, constitute approximately 50% of human cortical GABAergic neurons and are closely linked to cognition. However, the difficulty in obtaining sufficient calretinin interneurons has significantly hindered the study of their development and functions.

Single-Cell and Bulk RNA Sequencing Highlights Intra-Tumoral Heterogeneity and Malignant Progression Mechanisms in Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is an extremely heterogeneous cancer and is highly prevalent in the older male population. Since intra-tumour heterogeneity (ITH) commonly results in PCa chemotherapy resistance and recurrence, it is critical to explore its effects on tumour behaviour. Prognostic genes related to ITH were identified, and a signature was constructed using Cox regression analyses and multiple machine learning algorithms.

Redefining PbS Quantum Dot Photovoltaics: p-i-n Devices with Superior Efficiency and Reproducibility.

Developing diverse photovoltaic device architectures is essential not only for improving power conversion efficiency (PCE) but also for enabling seamless integration with other photovoltaic materials in high-performance tandem configurations. While n-i-p architectures have historically dominated the development of PbS colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) solar cells, p-i-n counterparts have significantly lagged behind in efficiency, limiting their potential for further advancement. In this work, the advantage of the surface tunability of CQDs is taken by anchoring the classical self-assembled monolayer (SAM) molecule MeO-2PACz onto PbS CQDs via ligand exchange, forming a PbS-SAM bridging-layer, which is inserted between NiOx/SAM and the CQD active layer, resulting in a NiOx/SAM/PbS-SAM composite hole transporting layer (HTL).

DAZAP2 functions as a pan-coronavirus restriction factor by inhibiting viral entry and genomic replication.

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the emergence of novel variants underscore the need to understand host-virus interactions and identify host factors that restrict viral infection. Here, we perform a genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen to identify host restriction factors for SARS-CoV-2, revealing DAZAP2 as a potent antiviral gene. DAZAP2, previously implicated in SARS-CoV-2 restriction, is found to inhibit viral entry by blocking virion fusion with both endolysosomal and plasma membranes.

Feasibility of relaxation-exchange magnetic resonance imaging (REXI) for measuring water exchange across the blood-CSF barrier in the human choroid plexus.

The choroid plexus (CP) is important for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) secretion and forms the blood-CSF barrier (BCSFB), which is essential for brain homeostasis. However, noninvasive methods for evaluating BCSFB function remain limited. Previously, we introduced a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique, relaxation-exchange MRI (REXI), to quantify water exchange between CP and CSF in rats by leveraging the substantial difference in transverse relaxation times between CP tissue and CSF.

Exploring the common genetic basis of metabolic syndrome-related diseases and chronic kidney disease: insights from extensive genome-wide cross-trait analyses.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a globally prevalent chronic condition characterized by progressive renal function decline, imposing significant economic and psychological burdens on patients. Metabolic syndrome (MetS), characterized by obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia, is a significant risk factor for CKD. A strong epidemiological association exists between CKD and MetS.

Single-cell sequencing uncovers disrupted stromal-macrophage communication as a driver of intrauterine adhesion progression.

Intrauterine adhesions (IUA), characterized by endometrial fibrosis, pose a serious threat to women's reproductive health, yet their molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to profile 139,395 single cells from nine individuals in the proliferative phase. We identify seven stromal and five macrophage subsets, revealing increased immune cell infiltration and a profibrotic shift in macrophage states.

Preliminary Experience with a 3D Digital Fluorescence Microscope and Indocyanine Green Angiography in Subinguinal Varicocelectomy.

This study reports the application and preliminary experience of a three-dimensional (3D) fluorescent digital external-viewing microscope platform using indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography in subinguinal varicocelectomy and explores its impact on surgical outcomes and postoperative recovery. Twenty-six microscope-assisted subinguinal varicocelectomy procedures were performed on 23 patients between September 1, 2024, and October 25, 2024, using this technology. During each surgery, 3 mL of ICG dye was administered via peripheral intravenous injection for angiography.

A complex interplay of genetic introgression and local adaptation during the evolutionary history of three closely related spruce species.

As climate change triggers unprecedented ecological shifts, it becomes imperative to understand the genetic underpinnings of species' adaptability. Adaptive introgression significantly contributes to organismal adaptation to new environments by introducing genetic variation across species boundaries. However, despite growing recognition of its importance, the extent to which adaptive introgression has shaped the evolutionary history of closely related species remains poorly understood.

Bioavailability and resupply dynamics of thallium in agricultural soils affected by lead-zinc mining: In-situ insights from DGT-DIFS modeling.

Thallium (Tl), with higher toxicity and bioaccumulation potential than mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb), poses serious ecological and food safety threats in mining-impacted agricultural systems. Despite this, its in-situ bioavailability and desorption kinetics in soil remain poorly understood, particularly in lead-zinc mineral-rich regions of southwestern China. In this study, we combined the Diffusive Gradients in Thin-Films (DGT) technique, the DGT-Induced Fluxes in Soils (DIFS) model, and path analysis to comprehensively investigate Tl mobility, bioavailability, and its environmental controls.

Identification of key targets and exploration of therapeutic molecular mechanisms of natural compound tangeretin in osteosarcoma.

Introduction: Osteosarcoma (OS) is an invasive and lethal malignancy showing a low 5 year survival rate, underscoring the need for identifying new therapeutic targets and their inhibitors to enhance prevention and treatment strategies.

Methods: In this study, in vitro experiments including CCK-8 assay, anchorage-independent growth assays, and plate cloning assays were used to detect the anti-proliferation ability of natural compound tangeretin towards OS cells. An integrated approach was performed including WGCNA and network pharmacology to identify the key genes of tangeretin for the treatment of OS.

Genetic architecture and mechanisms shared between kidney and ureteral stones, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic syndrome: A comprehensive GWAS analysis.

Background: Our study aims to investigate the shared genetic architecture between kidney and ureteral stones (KUS) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), as well as metabolic syndrome (MetS), and explore the shared risk loci, potentially critical tissues and relevant genetic mechanisms.

Methods: Dependent on large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary-level data sets, we observed genetic correlations between KUS and CVDs, as well as MetS, and cross-diseases pleiotropic analysis was conducted to identify shared pleiotropic loci and genes. Furthermore, we performed functional annotation and tissue-specific analysis to detect potential relationships between complex traits.

Case Report: Polymyxin B-induced anaphylactic shock.

Rationale: Polymyxin B is a widely used antibiotic in clinical practice, and anaphylactic shock represents a severe adverse drug reaction. Reports of polymyxin B-induced anaphylactic shock are rare in the existing literature.

Patient Concerns: A 67-year-old male patient in the recovery phase of cerebral infarction presented with fever.

Brain-Gut Communication in Crohn's Disease: Insights From MRI Into Psychological Problems.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic nonspecific inflammatory bowel disorder of unknown etiology that may involve any segment of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus. Due to its incurability and recurring nature, CD patients often experience psychological comorbidities such as anxiety and depression. The potential link and molecular mechanisms between these psychological issues and disease progression remain unclear.

Case Report: Anaphylactic shock induced by cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium for injection.

Rationale: Cefoperazone-sulbactam is a widely used antibiotic in clinical practice, and anaphylactic shock is a severe adverse drug reaction. Previous literature has rarely reported cases of anaphylactic shock induced by cefoperazone-sulbactam.

Patient Concerns: A 38-year-old male patient who underwent surgery for cerebral hemorrhage developed fever, with considerations of pulmonary and urinary tract infections.

Jianpi Huayu Jiedu Decoction prevents the progression of H. pylori and MNU-induced gastric precancerous lesions by inhibiting ferroptosis and remodeling linoleic acid metabolism.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a major risk factor for gastric cancer. Gastric precancerous lesion (GPL) under H.

A economic optimal dispatch model for combined heat and power microgrids supporting china's carbon neutrality.

Addressing energy abandonment and low utilization efficiency is crucial for sustainable renewable energy development, particularly as microgrid systems gain prominence in China's low-carbon transition. Existing combined heat and power microgrid system (CHPMS) scheduling models predominantly focus on operational costs while neglecting carbon trading dynamics and flexible load synergies, limiting their effectiveness under carbon neutrality goals. This study proposes a novel low-carbon economic dispatch model that uniquely integrates China's carbon trading mechanism with multi-form flexible loads (shiftable/transferable/cutable) in a unified optimization framework.

Serum polychlorinated biphenyl levels and risk of incident chronic kidney disease: A prospective study in the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort.

Emerging evidence suggests environmental polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) exposure may impair function, but prospective evidence linking PCB exposure to chronic kidney disease (CKD) incidence remains scarce. In the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort, we enrolled 1,902 CKD-free participants at baseline and measured seven serum PCB congeners (PCB-28, PCB-52, PCB-101, PCB-118, PCB-138, PCB-153, and PCB-180) using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Incident CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.

Multi-omics analysis unveils dysregulation of the tumor immune microenvironment and development of a machine learning-based multi-gene classifier for predicting lateral lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Purpose: Lateral lymph node metastasis (LNM) critically influences surgical decision-making in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, the sensitivity of preoperative imageological examination in detecting LNM remains suboptimal, necessitating the development of more accurate diagnostic and predictive tools. This study aims to identify multi-omics biomarkers and construct a predictive model for LNM.

Application of Chemometric Analysis With Acute Toxicity Tests of Zebrafish and Network Pharmacology for Comparison of Different Species: Rhubarb as an Example.

This study systematically evaluated the quality variations of Rheum spp. from different botanical origins through an integrated approach combining chemical characterization and biological validation. Chemometric analysis of chromatographic profiles effectively categorized the samples into two distinct groups, successfully differentiating Rheum tanguticum Maxim.

Association between organochlorine pesticides and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Findings from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally. However, its environmental chemical contributors remain unclear.

Objective: To estimate the association between organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and incident MASLD among Chinese population.

Development and validation of a prealbumin-bilirubin model for prognostic prediction in intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing transarterial chemoembolization.

To establish and validate a novel prognostic model to predict outcomes for intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Clinical data from intermediate-stage HCC patients who underwent TACE between January 2007 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort.