68Ga-NODAGA-SNA006 PET/CT Imaging of Tumor CD8+ T-Cell Infiltration Predicts Immunotherapy Response in Lung Cancer.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the potential of 68Ga-NODAGA-SNA006 PET/CT imaging as a noninvasive method for assessing immune cell infiltration and predicting treatment response in lung cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy.

Patients And Methods: A prospective study enrolled 8 patients with histologically confirmed lung cancer who received first-line chemotherapy combined with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. 68Ga-SNA006 PET/CT imaging was performed before treatment.

Comparison of F-DPA714 PET/MRI and F-FDG PET/CT in patients with autoimmune encephalitis: a cross-sectional study.

Background And Aim: The positive detection rate of MRI in autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) patients is low, often failing to make a rapid and accurate localization diagnosis. Both F-DPA714 and F-FDG PET imaging techniques have shown their advantages in the diagnosis of AIE. Therefore, the aim of this study was to conduct a head-to-head comparison of the diagnostic value between F-DPA714 and F-FDG PET in patients with AIE.

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of I-Risedronate with Bone Targeting Activity.

Current radiopharmaceuticals for treating bone metastatic tumors have various limitations. We focus on developing a universal, economical, efficient, and safe novel radiopharmaceutical for bone metastasis treatment. I is a well-established medical radionuclide commonly used for both treatment and diagnosis.

Exendin-4 imaging based on gastrointestinal GLP-1R targets for IBD diagnosis and efficacy assessment.

Purpose: Diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involves history-taking and invasive procedures that primarily evaluate localized intestinal structures. Notably, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and its receptor (GLP-1R) have been established as potent participants in various inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to investigate the potential of molecular imaging targeting GLP-1R in the study of gastrointestinal physiology and disease.

In situ labeling of pretargeted hyaluronan for PET/MR imaging of CD44+ tumors.

Background: Tumor-specific molecular probe-based imaging strategies have shown great potential for tumor diagnosis. However, the sensitivity and contrast of imaging may interfere with the complex labeling process and degradation of tumor-specific imaging probes. We sought to adapt a pretargeting strategy and an in vivo bioorthogonal reaction to improve hyaluronan (HA)-based tumor multimodal imaging diagnosis.

F-DPA714 PET/MRI as a potential imaging tool for detecting possible antibody-negative autoimmune encephalitis: a prospective study.

Background And Objectives: Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) used for detecting possible antibody-negative autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) often fails to meet the diagnostic requirements of this disease. Positron emission tomography (PET) with a translocator protein radioligand can help visualize microglia distribution density in inflammation-related diseases, thereby offering potentially incremental value to conventional MRI for the in vivo assessment of possible antibody-negative AIE.

Methods: In this prospective study, 15 participants diagnosed with possible antibody-negative AIE and 10 healthy controls were enrolled (ClinicalTrials.

Construction and Preliminary Evaluation of Two F-Labeled Radiopharmaceuticals for Myocardial Perfusion Imaging.

Aims: PET myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is the gold standard for the noninvasive diagnosis of ischemic myocardial. Construction of F-labeled PET MPI probe showed benefits to reduce the imaging cost, and enhance the image quality and patient-friendliness.

Methods: Two F-labeled MPI probes (F-BoMPI) were developed.

Microglial Activation Imaging Using F-DPA-714 PET/MRI for Detecting Autoimmune Encephalitis.

Background Translocator protein (TSPO) PET has been used to visualize microglial activation in neuroinflammation and is a potential imaging tool for detecting autoimmune encephalitis (AIE). Purpose To compare the detection rate between TSPO radioligand fluorine 18 (F) DPA-714 PET and conventional MRI and assess the relationship between F-DPA-714 uptake and clinical features in participants with AIE. Materials and Methods Healthy volunteers and patients with AIE were enrolled in this prospective study between December 2021 and April 2023.

Design of a Zn-based nanozyme injectable multifunctional hydrogel with ROS scavenging activity for myocardial infarction therapy.

The existing strategies for myocardial infarction therapy mainly focus on reinstating myocardial blood supply, often disregarding the intrinsic and intricate microenvironment created by elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that accompanies myocardial infarction. This microenvironment entails cardiomyocytes apoptosis, substantial vascular cell death, excessive inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis. In such situation, the present study introduces a zinc-based nanozyme injectable multifunctional hydrogel, crafted from ZIF-8, to counteract ROS effects after myocardial infarction.

Value of Ga-FAPI-04 and F-FDG PET/CT in Early Prediction of Pathologic Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer.

This prospective study investigated whether PET parameters from F-FDG and Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI)-04 PET/CT can predict a pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) early in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). The study included 28 patients with LAGC who underwent F-FDG PET/CT and Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT at baseline and after 1 cycle of NAC. PET parameters including SUV and tumor-to-background ratio (TBR), as well as the change rate of SUV and TBR, were recorded.

Multi-omics data reveals aberrant gut microbiota-host glycerophospholipid metabolism in association with neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 mice.

Numerous studies have described the notable impact of gut microbiota on the brain in Alzheimer's disease (AD) via the gut - brain axis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of gut microbiota in the development of AD are limited. This study aimed to explore the potential mechanisms of gut microbiota in AD by integrating multi-omics data.

An Intrinsically Magnetic Epicardial Patch for Rapid Vascular Reconstruction and Drug Delivery.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of mortality worldwide. The major limitation of regenerative therapy for MI is poor cardiac retention of therapeutics, which results from an inefficient vascular network and poor targeting ability. In this study, a two-layer intrinsically magnetic epicardial patch (MagPatch) prepared by 3D printing with biocompatible materials like poly (glycerol sebacate) (PGS) is designed, poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and NdFeB.

Integrating TSPO PET imaging and transcriptomics to unveil the role of neuroinflammation and amyloid-β deposition in Alzheimer's disease.

Purpose: Despite the revealed role of immunological dysfunctions in the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) through animal and postmortem investigations, direct evidence regarding the impact of genetic factors on microglia response and amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition in AD individuals is lacking. This study aims to elucidate this mechanism by integrating transcriptomics and TSPO, Aβ PET imaging in clinical AD cohort.

Methods: We analyzed 85 patients with PET/MR imaging for microglial activation (TSPO, [F]DPA-714) and Aβ ([F]AV-45) within the prospective Alzheimer's Disease Immunization and Microbiota Initiative Study Cohort (ADIMIC).

Ga-FAPI-04 Positron Emission Tomography Distinguishes Malignancy From F-FDG-Avid Colorectal Lesions.

Purpose: Lesions with a high uptake of F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) on positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) can be benign and malignant. New radiotracers, such as the gallium 68 (Ga)-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor 4 (FAPI-04), could be used to diagnose colorectal carcinoma. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Ga-FAPI-04 PET in differentiating benign from malignant F-FDG-avid colorectal lesions.

Visualization research on ENT1/NIS dual-function gene therapy to reverse drug resistance mediated by MUC1 in GEM-resistant pancreatic cancer.

Purpose: To use bifunctional target genes to increase the intracellular transport of gemcitabine (GEM) to reverse chemotherapy resistance and to simultaneously use reporter gene imaging to localize therapeutic genes. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by [F]FLT PET/CT to visualize the effect of gene therapy.

Methods: A viral gene vector containing the pancreatic cancer-targeting promoter MUC1 for specific transcription of equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1) and NIS (nuclide transport channel) was employed.

Alterations in histology of the aging salivary gland and correlation with the glandular inflammatory microenvironment.

Aging-related salivary dysfunction typically causes reduced saliva volumes, which leads to debilitating consequences, even affecting patient quality of life. Understanding the respective clinicopathological characteristics and molecular mechanisms underlying salivary gland functioning during aging is vital for therapeutic purposes. Here, we provide a detailed atlas of the salivary gland microenvironment during aging, and we identified several phenotypes characteristic of aging salivary glands, including acini atrophy, increased inflammatory cells, altered immune responses, and accumulation of lysosomes and autophagosomes in aging cells, which may reflect progressive degeneration of salivary gland function.

A comparative study of [Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/MR and [F]FDG PET/CT in the diagnostic accuracy and resectability prediction of ovarian cancer.

Purpose: To provide a theory for guiding clinical treatment by comparing the clinical application value of [F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([F]FDG) PET/CT and [Ga]Ga-FAPI (fibroblast activating protein inhibitor) PET/MR in the diagnosis and evaluation of resectability of ovarian cancer.

Methods: Thirty patients with high clinical suspicion of ovarian malignancies were enrolled from July 2021 to October 2022 and underwent [F]FDG PET/CT and [Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/MR within 5 days. Twenty patients underwent [F]FDG PET/MR at once completing [F]FDG PET/CT for consistency checking.

pH-sensitive gold nanoclusters labeling with radiometallic nuclides for diagnosis and treatment of tumor.

The acidic microenvironment is one of the remarkable features of tumor and is also a reliable target for tumor theranostics. Ultrasmall gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) have good behaviors, such as non-retention in liver and spleen, renal clearance, and high tumor permeability, and held great potential for developing novel radiopharmaceuticals. Herein, we developed pH-sensitive ultrasmall gold nanoclusters by introducing quaternary ammonium group (TMA) or tertiary amine motifs (C6A) onto glutathione-coated AuNCs (TMA/GSH@AuNCs, C6A-GSH@AuNCs).

Development of a HS-responsive NIR Fluorescent Probe for HS Detection and HS Releasing Monitoring From Prodrug.

HS was deemed as a toxic gradient in the realm of food and environment but plays pivotal pathophysiological roles in organisms. HS instabilities and disturbances are always responsible for multiple disorders. We fabricated a HS-responsive NIR fluorescent probe (HT) for HS detection and evaluation both in vitro and in vivo.

Utility of [Ga]FAPI-04 and [F]FDG dual-tracer PET/CT in the initial evaluation of gastric cancer.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the role of [Ga]FAPI-04 and [F]FDG dual-tracer PET/CT for the initial assessment of gastric cancer and to explore the factors associated with their uptake.

Methods: This study enrolled 62 patients with histopathologically confirmed gastric cancer. We compared the diagnostic performance of [Ga]FAPI-04, [F]FDG, and combined dual-tracer PET/CT.

Cystatin B increases autophagic flux by sustaining proteolytic activity of cathepsin B and fuels glycolysis in pancreatic cancer: CSTB orchestrates autophagy and glycolysis in PDAC.

Background: Both autophagy and glycolysis are essential for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) survival due to desmoplasia. We investigated whether targeting a hub gene which participates in both processes could be an efficient strategy for PDAC treatment.

Methods: The expression pattern of glycolysis signatures (GS) and autophagy signatures (AS) and their correlation with cystatin B (CSTB) in PDAC were analysed.

In Vivo Distribution and Therapeutic Efficacy of Radioiodine-Labeled pH-Low Insertion Peptide Variant 3 in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Extracellular acidity is a marker of highly aggressive breast cancer (BC). pH-low insertion peptides (pHLIPs) target the acidic tumor microenvironment. This study evaluates the distribution and therapeutic efficacy of radioiodine-labeled pHLIP variant 3 (Var3) in a mouse model of BC.

A Link Between Mitochondrial Dysfunction and the Immune Microenvironment of Salivary Glands in Primary Sjogren's Syndrome.

Background: Primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) is a slowly progressive, inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration into salivary and lacrimal glands. It becomes more recognized that morphology alterations of epithelial mitochondria are involved in altered cellular bioenergetics in pSS patients. The integrated analysis of the mitochondrial role in the pathogenesis and aberrant immune microenvironment in pSS remains unknown.

Development and preliminary evaluation of an integrin αβ-targeted PET probe as a supplement and alternative of PSMA imaging for prostate cancer.

An integrin αβ-targeted PET probe (Ga-IABtP) was developed to serve as a supplement and alternative of PSMA imaging for prostate cancer. Ga-IABtP was synthesized by labeling the precursor peptide with Ga with 93% labeling yield and 4.14 MBq/μg specific radioactivity.