Regulatory Role and Biomarker Potential of Gut Microbiota Metabolites in the Progression of Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) to Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC).

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide. It is now updated as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The progression of MASLD to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) involves complex mechanisms, with the gut microbiota and its metabolites playing a pivotal role in this transformation through the "gut-liver axis.

Drought modifies the impacts of soil nutrient heterogeneity on native and alien plant growth in the absence of competition.

Soil nutrient heterogeneity has generally been shown to benefit alien plants more than native ones. However, whether drought, an important aspect of climate change, alters these effects remains an open question. We used a greenhouse experiment with two alien and two native herbaceous plants.

Biological activity study of formononetin-containing isopropanolamine derivatives: dual effects of membrane penetration and intracellular action.

Background: Global crop yields suffer severe losses due to pathogenic infections, and the drug resistance of traditional fungicides has become a prominent issue. Developing new fungicides with high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and low toxicity has become an important task in agricultural plant protection, which also promotes natural product-derived green pesticides to become a research hotspot.

Results: 30 formononetin derivatives incorporating isopropanolamine moieties were rationally designed and synthesized as potential plant disease control agents.

Case Report: Advanced magnetic resonance imaging findings in two cases of anaplastic papillary glioneuronal tumor: one case with glioblastoma-like progression.

Papillary glioneuronal tumors (PGNTs) are classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as Grade I neoplasms, with only sporadic reports of anaplastic variants demonstrating aggressive clinical behavior and distinct histopathological characteristics. This study presents two cases of anaplastic PGNT, including one that ultimately progressed to glioblastoma (WHO Grade IV). The first case involved a 47-year-old female patient without a history of seizures.

Protective Factors of Postendovascular Therapy Restenosis for Symptomatic Intracranial Arterial Stenosis: A Retrospective Analysis.

Background And Purpose: Symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis (ICAS) markedly increases the risk of recurrent ischemic stroke, with high restenosis rates after endovascular therapy. This study aims to identify factors influencing restenosis within 1 year after endovascular therapy for ICAS, with the goal of reducing restenosis rates through interventions targeting protective and risk factors.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of symptomatic patients with ICAS who underwent endovascular therapy between January 2016 and June 2023 at our hospital.

Organoid-based neutralization assays reveal a distinctive profile of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and recapitulate the real-world efficacy.

The efficacy of VIR-7831, a class 3 anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody (mAb), was demonstrated repeatedly in clinical trials; yet, reduced neutralization against Omicron variants in cell-line-based neutralization assays led to its withdrawal from clinical use. We developed organoid-based neutralization assays to measure mAb potency. We found that most class 3 mAbs, especially those not blocking receptor-binding domain-ACE2 binding, including VIR-7831, were substantially underestimated in cell-line-based assays.

Mental health symptoms in Chinese children with sleep disorders and association with parental emotions.

Depression, anxiety, and stress are major mental health challenges during children's development. In China, heightened sleep disorders (SD), parental expectations, and academic stress highlight the importance of this issue. A total of 6,635 SD child-parent dyads were included in analysis.

Is integrative therapy of traditional Chinese medicine and progesterone capsule more effective than monotherapies in oligomenorrhea and hypomenorrhea? Evidence based on a multi-center randomized controlled trial and metabolomic profile.

Background And Objectives: Oligomenorrhea and hypomenorrhea were common conditions in outpatient visit which affected child-bearing aged women, and the conventional progesterone treatment has been related to several side effect and contradiction, and this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), progesterone capsules, and their combination in treating oligomenorrhea and hypomenorrhea both clinical and metabolomic approach.

Methods: A prospective, randomized, multi-center trial has been conducted, and a total of 239 oligomenorrhea and hypomenorrhea were randomly assigned to receive TCM, progesterone capsules (PG), or the combined Chinese and Western medicine (COM) and treated from 3 months, respectively. Scores were recorded at 1 and 3 month of treatment, while the seral samples for sex hormone and safety parameters were taken before and after management, with adverse events recorded.

Efficacy and tolerability of pramipexole versus antidepressants for Parkinson's disease with depression: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Pramipexole is thought to exert antidepressant effects in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and depression, but its efficacy compared with typical antidepressants is unclear. This meta-analysis aims to directly compare the safety and efficacy of pramipexole and antidepressants for depression in PD patients.

Methods: Twelve electronic databases including Cochrane, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ProQuest, Open Grey, CBM, The CNKI, Wan Fang Data and VIP, and two clinical trial registry websites were systematically searched up to December 30, 2024.

Combined metformin and exenatide versus only metformin treatments in polycystic ovary syndrome with abdominal obesity and network pharmacology of gene expression: evidence from a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To evaluate (1) the metabolic and endocrine effects of metformin combined with exenatide versus only metformin treatments in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and abdominal obesity (AO) and (2) to determine the molecular mechanisms by which the combined treatment acts on PCOS patients.

Design: Randomized controlled trial of PCOS patients with AO to receive combined treatment with metformin-exenatide or metformin alone, and network pharmacology of gene expression in PCOS patients under the combined exposure.

Setting: Tertiary teaching hospital.

Harnessing a Genetically Engineered Self-Assembling Protein Biosorbent for Efficient and Selective Rare Earth Element Recovery.

The global demand for rare earth elements (REEs) has surged due to their critical role in high-tech and clean energy applications. However, conventional extraction from mineral ores is resource-intensive and environmentally harmful. Recovering REEs from low-grade secondary resources offers a sustainable alternative but remains a significant challenge.

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Can Prevent Pancreatic Fibrosis in Mice with Chronic Pancreatitis by Inhibiting the Activation of Pancreatic Stellate Cells.

Background: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a progressive fibroinflammatory disorder primarily driven by a complex interplay of environmental and genetic risk factors. Fibrosis, mediated by activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), represents a key pathological feature of CP. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are known for their anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory properties; however, their role in pancreatic fibrosis remains inadequately understood.

A randomized study of apalutamide in Chinese patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

This post-approval commitment study addressed the limited data on the safety and efficacy of apalutamide in Chinese patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (NM-CRPC). Utilizing a double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial with pre-planned crossover design, 75 patients were randomized (2:1) to receive apalutamide 240 mg daily or placebo while continuing androgen deprivation therapy. Apalutamide significantly reduced the risk of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression by 76.

Facile preparation of MXene/BP nanocomposite films with high thermal conductivity and excellent flame retardancy.

Black phoshrene (BP) nanosheets can compensate each other between the MXene layers, thus preventing the agglomeration of MXene, and forming a more compact microstructure. This study successfully synthesizes f-MXenes non-covalently modified by the strong electrolyte PHMB. A series of MXene/BP nanocomposite films are prepared through the strong electrostatic interaction between f-MXenes and BP nanosheets and verified by FTIR, XRD, and XPS.

Flavonol derivatives containing pyrazole oxime ether: design, synthesis, and anti-TMV activity.

A series of flavonol derivatives containing pyrazole oxime ether moieties were designed and synthesized. In vivo antiviral assays revealed that some compounds exhibited remarkable inhibitory effects against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Among them, Both the curative activity (EC = 88.

Neural markers of optimal decision in individuals with high entrepreneurial intention.

Objectives: The characteristics of decision-making by so-called "entrepreneurial intenders" are closely related to the success of their future entrepreneurial activity. However, it remains unclear whether individuals with high entrepreneurial intention tend to make optimal decisions, and what the neural markers of this process are in case they do so.

Methods: In this study, we recruited 561 participants to complete the Individual Entrepreneurial Intent scale.

The role of m5C, m1A and m7G modifications in tumors of urinary system.

Malignant tumors of the urinary system, such as kidney cancer, bladder cancer, and prostate cancer, remain a significant challenge despite the various treatment options available. Identifying therapeutic targets for urological tumors is crucial due to the potential for recurrence and metastasis. Recent research has highlighted the importance of RNA modifications in post-transcriptional regulation, impacting various biological functions in urological tumors, including tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance.

[Early screening and diagnosis of prostate cancer based on the innovative care for chronic conditions framework].

Objective: To construct an integrated management model for early screening and diagnosis of PCa based on the Innovative Care for Chronic Conditions Framework (ICCC) and the 1+1 contract-based tiered diagnosis and treatment system (TDTS) in China.

Methods: Based on the 1+1 contract-based TDTS platform, we conducted PCa screening for the male residents aged 60 years and above during health check-ups in Pujin Community Health Center from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023. For those with abnormal total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) ≥ 4 μg/L, we promptly referred them to higher-level hospitals for further diagnosis and treatment via the two-way referral green channel platform and information sharing service using the 1+1 contract model.

Carbon Nanohorns and Polydopamine as Eco-Friendly Pesticide Carriers: Nanoencapsulation Based on Thiazoleamide Derivatives and Synergistic Antifungal Effects.

In this study, a nanodelivery system (CNH-Q7-PDA) based on van der Waals force-driven self-assembly was developed, where carbon nanohorns (CNH) adsorbed Q7 and were encapsulated by polydopamine (PDA) to enhance pesticide application efficiency. Simulated rainfall washoff experiments demonstrated that the incorporation of PDA significantly reduced the rolling and bouncing of carriers on plant leaves, effectively improving the deposition and retention rates of pesticides on the leaves. Meanwhile, antifungal experiments revealed that CNH-Q7-PDA exhibited superior fungicidal activity compared to Q7 and CNH-Q7.

New Oxyhalide Solid Electrolytes with Enhanced Conductivity for All-Solid-State Batteries.

Departing from conventional Li--X frameworks, we develop a Li--X oxyhalide chemistry (LiTaOCl, 0.8/3 ≤ ≤ 1.4/3) to overcome the conductivity limitation of halide-based solid electrolytes (SEs).

NAPRT expression and epigenetic regulation in pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma as a potential biomarker for NAMPT inhibition.

Purpose: New treatments are needed to improve survival in children with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). NAD⁺ biosynthesis, regulated by the enzymes NAPRT and NAMPT, represents a metabolic vulnerability due to high NAD⁺ turnover in cancers. Although NAMPT inhibitors (NAMPTi) show preclinical promise, clinical translation has been limited by toxicity and the lack of predictive biomarkers.

The insulator EACBE regulates V(D)J recombination of Tcrd gene by modulating chromatin organization.

T cell receptor (TCR) diversity, essential for the recognition of a wide array of antigens, is generated through V(D)J recombination. The and genes reside within a shared genomic locus, with rearrangement occurring first in the double-negative (DN) stage during thymocyte development. Elucidating the regulatory mechanisms governing rearrangement is therefore crucial for understanding the developmental coordination of both and rearrangements.

Study on Anisotropic Mechanical Properties of Single-Crystal Silicon at Different Strain Rates.

To examine the impact of the strain rate on the anisotropic mechanical characteristics of single-crystal silicon, nanoindentation and micro-tensile-compression tests were performed. This study analyzed the effects of varying crystal orientations at different strain rates on load-displacement behavior, elastic modulus, hardness, fracture toughness, and true stress-strain responses. The nanoindentation results showed that at room temperature, single-crystal silicon exhibited an elastic recovery rate of approximately 42%.