Ubiquitously expressed transcript isoform 2 (UXT-V2) restricts HSV-2 replication by targeting glycoprotein B for degradation through ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.

Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) is a major pathogen causing neonatal herpes and increasing the risk of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection. However, the mechanisms underlying host restriction of HSV-2 infection are still not fully understood. The ubiquitously expressed transcript isoform 2 (UXT-V2), an α-type prefoldin protein, functions as a versatile transcription factor associated with numerous human tumors, but its role in viral infection remains unclear.

PDPN+ cancer-associated fibroblasts correlate with the neoadjuvant immunotherapy response in gastric cancer.

The achievement of pathological complete response (pCR) with neoadjuvant therapy can significantly improve prognosis in patients with gastric cancer (GC). GC tissues demonstrating pCR after immunotherapy exhibited increased stiffness and proliferation of fibroblasts within the stroma. Specific subpopulation cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) may serve as potential markers for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy.

An interplay of non-coding RNAs regulates CDH13 expression and affects endothelial function and coronary artery disease risk.

Many common diseases have a polygenic architecture. The responsible alleles are thought to mediate risk by disturbing gene regulation in most cases, however, the precise mechanisms have been elucidated only for a few. Here, we investigated the genomic locus, which genome-wide significantly associates with coronary artery disease, a globally leading cause of death caused by accumulation of lipid-rich inflammatory plaques in the arterial wall.

Development of a Serum Proteomic-Based Diagnostic Model for Lung Cancer Using Machine Learning Algorithms and Unveiling the Role of SLC16A4 in Tumor Progression and Immune Response.

Early diagnosis of lung cancer is crucial for improving patient prognosis. In this study, we developed a diagnostic model for lung cancer based on serum proteomic data from the GSE168198 dataset using four machine learning algorithms (nnet, glmnet, svm, and XGBoost). The model's performance was validated on datasets that included normal controls, disease controls, and lung cancer data containing both.

How Does AI Trust Foster Innovative Performance Under Paternalistic Leadership? The Roles of AI Crafting and Leader's AI Opportunity Perception.

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly embedded in organizational development, understanding how leadership shapes employee responses to AI is critical for fostering workplace innovation. Drawing on trait activation theory, this study develops a theoretical model in which employee AI trust enhances innovative performance through AI crafting. Paternalistic leadership serves as a situational moderator, while the leader's AI opportunity perception functions as a higher-order moderator.

Chicoric acid inhibits the initial attachment of IPEC-J2 cells by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus through the suppression of Akt phosphorylation.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) poses a formidable threat to global swine production, causing severe post-weaning diarrhea that undermines industry sustainability. Cichoric acid (CA), a bioactive phenolic compound, exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral properties. Using PEDV-infected IPEC-J2 cells, it has been demonstrated that CA concentration-dependently inhibits viral attachment by blocking host cell attachment.

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Can Prevent Pancreatic Fibrosis in Mice with Chronic Pancreatitis by Inhibiting the Activation of Pancreatic Stellate Cells.

Background: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a progressive fibroinflammatory disorder primarily driven by a complex interplay of environmental and genetic risk factors. Fibrosis, mediated by activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), represents a key pathological feature of CP. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are known for their anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory properties; however, their role in pancreatic fibrosis remains inadequately understood.

Acupuncture for diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) has emerged as a global health challenge with increasing prevalence rates over the past 3 decades. Acupuncture has been increasingly utilized for the treatment of DPN in recent years. However, whether any specific acupuncture intervention should be considered a priority in the treatment of patients is still unclear.

Variation in Flooding Tolerance in Populus deltoides 'D-124' and P. trichocarpa x P. deltoides Hybrid '52-225'.

Flooding poses a substantial challenge to plant survival and productivity, particularly in riparian genus like Populus. This study examines the physiological, morphological, metabolic, and molecular responses of Populus deltoides 'D-124' and P. trichocarpa x P.

Multiple Hall Effects in Antiferromagnetic-Ferroelectric Heterostructures.

Distinct Hall effects are crucial for both theoretical study and practical applications in spintronics, valleytronics, and layertronics, but effectively controlling these effects in 2D antiferromagnets remains challenging. Here, a novel mechanism for achieving controllable Hall effects is proposed in A-type bilayer antiferromagnets sandwiched between ferroelectric layers. Based on a tight-binding model analysis, we demonstrate that by selectively reversing the polarization orientation of top or bottom ferroelectric layer, the bilayer antiferromagnets exhibit transitions between layer Hall, layer spin Hall, and valley layer spin Hall effects, driven by symmetry breaking or restoration as well as relative shift between antiferromagnetic and ferroelectric bands.

Photoinduced Cobaloxime Catalysis for Oxidant-Free Radical Cyclization of 2-Methylthiolated Alkynones to Access Phosphorylated Thiochromones.

An oxidant-free radical phosphinylation/cyclization of 2-methylthiolated phenylalkynones with secondary phosphine oxides by photoinduced cobaloxime catalysis is described. The reaction tolerates a wide range of substrates, particularly those that are sensitive to chemical oxidation, affording various phosphorylated thiochromones in good yields with methane evolution. The synthesis of new monophosphine and phosphine-olefin ligands as well as the construction of an iridium complex highlight the great potential applications of this approach.

Gut microbiota and metabolomics in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: interaction, mechanism, and therapeutic value.

The global epidemic of Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) urgently demands breakthroughs in precision medicine strategies. Its pathogenesis centers on the cascade dysregulation of the gut microbiota-metabolite-liver axis: microbial dysbiosis drives hepatic lipid accumulation and fibrosis by suppressing short-chain fatty acid synthesis, activating the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway, and disrupting bile acid signaling. Metabolomics further reveals characteristic disturbances including free fatty acid accumulation, aberrantly elevated branched-chain amino acids (independently predictive of hepatic steatosis), and mitochondrial dysfunction, providing a molecular basis for disease stratification.

Directed evolution modification of the keratinase KerD21 and application in feather powder fermented feed.

Background: Keratinase, a protease specific for keratin, has the potential to improve the utilization of feathers, a byproduct of poultry farming. However, the activity of wild-type keratinases often requires optimization to meet the demands of practical applications.

Results: A high-throughput single-cell screening method was developed based on the expression of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAD21 keratinase KerD21 in Bacillus subtilis.

Application of spectral characteristics of electrocardiogram signals in sleep apnea.

Background: Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals contain cardiopulmonary information that can facilitate sleep apnea detection. Traditional methods rely on extracting numerous ECG features, which is labor-intensive and computationally cumbersome.

Methods: To reduce feature complexity and enhance detection accuracy, we propose a spectral feature-based approach using single-lead ECG signals.

HIV drug resistance and its associated factors among patients during interruption of antiretroviral therapy in China.

Background: The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug resistance among people living with HIV (PLWH) who experience treatment interruptions is a significant concern. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of HIV drug resistance for PLWH who experienced treatment interruptions in China.

Methods: This study included 595 PLWH from four studies conducted in China between 2003 and 2021.

Biodegradation of short-chain phthalate esters (PAEs) by Sinomonas sp. S2 isolated from a soil contaminated by metal(loid)s smelting.

Phthalate esters (PAEs) are widely used as plasticizers and beneficiation flotation agents in ore smelters, which are ubiquitously distributed emerging contaminants in the environment. The biodegradation of PAEs by degrading microbes is a promising method for their remediation. In this study, we isolated a novel PAE-degrading bacteria, Sinomonas sp.

Structural, Stability, Electronic, Dielectric, Sensing, and Catalytic Properties of CsPbI Nanotubes: First-Principles Characterizations.

Using first-principles simulation, the structural, stability, electronic, dielectric, NH sensing , and catalyticproperties of CsPbI nanotubes were systematically investigated. In particular, considering both CsI-type and PbI-type nanotubes with diameters ranging from 25 to 50 Å that are identified as stable. The calculated results show that the band gaps of the CsPbI nanotubes gradually converge as the diameters increase.

Identification of CDK2 as a key apoptotic gene for predicting cervical cancer prognosis using bioinformatics and machine learning.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify apoptosis - related genes with diagnostic and prognostic value in cervical cancer (CC) using integrated bioinformatics and machine learning approaches.

Methods: Gene expression datasets were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), with GSE192897 used as the training set. A total of 451 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 221 upregulated and 230 downregulated genes.

Design and application of flexible wearable sensors based on optical fibers.

Optical fiber flexible wearable sensors are extensively utilized in healthcare, sports training, smart textiles, and environmental monitoring, owing to their lightweight, portability, biocompatibility, and excellent stretchability. These sensors are distinguished by their high sensitivity, accuracy, and non-invasive monitoring capabilities, excelling at detecting subtle mechanical changes like respiratory rate and muscle activity. Additionally, they offer significant advantages regarding biocompatibility and resistance to electromagnetic interference.

Construction and biological characteristics analysis of a gene-deleted recombinant virus strain of LSDV-ORF151.

Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD), caused by the Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV), is a highly virulent infectious disease that significantly impacts cattle health and economic productivity. The mechanisms underlying LSDV virulence and immune evasion remains poorly understood, and no commercial gene-deletion attenuated vaccine is currently available. This study aims to elucidate the functional role of LSDV genes and identify potential candidate strains for vaccine development.

Highly Stretchable Transparent Electrodes for Wearable Near-Infrared Organic Photodetectors Enabling Vital Monitoring, Imaging, and Communication.

Stretchable near-infrared organic photodetectors (NIR OPDs) are crucial for the development of wearable and implantable electronics. However, these devices commonly underperform compared to their rigid counterparts, primarily due to the lack of high-quality stretchable transparent electrodes. Here, we develop silver nanowires (AgNWs)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composite electrodes by introducing 3-[-tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamino]-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid sodium salt (HOS).

Photoinduced cobaloxime catalysis enabled dehydrogenative C2-phosphinylation of bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes to access phosphorylated cyclobutenes.

A photoinduced ring-opening radical C2-phosphinylation of bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes with secondary phosphine oxides by cobaloxime catalysis is described.

RBCK1 enhances antiviral response through promoting K63-linked polyubiquitination of IRF7 in Carassius auratus var. Pengze.

Ubiquitination is a widely occurring reversible post-translational modification process in cells. RANBP2-type and C3HC4-type zinc finger-containing 1 (RBCK1) is a kind of E3 ubiquitin ligase. It regulates various biological functions, including protein degradation and kinase signaling pathways in mammals.

Ctenopharyngodon idellus Mex3C activates the innate immune by promoting the K63-linked ubiquitination of RIG-I.

The cytoplasmic RNA sensor RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) play a pivotal role in initiating antiviral innate immunity. In this study, we identified the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) Mex3C gene, named CiMex3C which encodes a protein with a RING domain and two heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K homology (KH) domains. Our study revealed that CiMex3C responded to multiple stimuli including GCRV, poly(I:C), B-DNA, Z-DNA, characterized by the heightened sensitivity to GCRV stimulation.