Microalgal-enhanced cerium oxide nanotherapeutics for alleviating inflammatory bowel disease via scavenging reactive oxygen species and modulating gut microbiota in colitis.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) poses significant therapeutic challenges due to its complex pathophysiology, which involves oxidative stress and dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota. Antioxidant nanozymes offer promising intervention options because of their potent reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging abilities; however, their instability and leakage in the upper gastrointestinal tract remain major challenges. This study introduced a novel oral drug delivery system, SP@CSC, which combines Spirulina platensis (SP), a natural microcarrier, with chitosan-functionalized cerium oxide (CSC) nanogels.

Bacteria-Loaded Gastro-Retention Oral Delivery System for Alcohol Abuse.

Alcohol abuse is harmful to human health, and many strategies have been developed to retard this harm through protecting liver or activating relative enzymes. In this study, a new strategy of decreasing the alcohol absorption directly depending on the dealcoholization by the bacteria in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract was reported. To realize this, a bacteria-loaded gastro-retention oral delivery system with pore structure was constructed through emulsification/internal gelation, which could relieve acute alcohol intoxication in mice successfully.

Enhanced Bacterial-Infected Wound Healing by Nitric Oxide-Releasing Topological Supramolecular Nanocarriers with Self-Optimized Cooperative Multi-Point Anchoring.

Polymeric systems that provide cationic charges or biocide-release therapeutics are used to treat the bacteria-infected wound. However, most antibacterial polymers based on topologies with restricted molecular dynamics still do not satisfy the clinical requirements due to their limited antibacterial efficacy at safe concentrations in vivo. Here a NO-releasing topological supramolecular nanocarrier with rotatable and slidable molecular entities is reported to provide conformational freedom to promote the interactions between the carrier and the pathogenic microbes, hence greatly improving the antibacterial performance.

A Colon-Targeted Oral Probiotics Delivery System Using an Enzyme-Triggered Fuse-Like Microcapsule.

Probiotics are closely related to human health. However, it is hard to find an appropriate disintegration mode for encapsulation to balance the survival, release, and adhesion of probiotics simultaneously during the current colon-targeted oral delivery, which leads to limited colonization. In this study, an enzyme-triggered fuse-like microcapsule is constructed using alginate and protamine via the electrostatic droplet combined with the layer by layer self-assembly.

Efficient Expression of Human Lysozyme Through the Increased Gene Dosage and Co-expression of Transcription Factor Hac1p in Pichia pastoris.

In this work, the high-level expression of the human lysozyme (HLY) was achieved by both optimization of the gene copy number and co-expression of the transcription factor Hac1p for the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the host strain Pichia pastoris KM71H. A series of recombinant constructs with various numbers of HLY expression cassettes was generated for the production of recombinant strains integrated with different copies of the HLY gene. The copy number of the HLY gene was determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the recombinant strains of P.