Nerve-associated macrophages control adipose homeostasis across lifespan and restrain age-related inflammation.

Age-related inflammation or 'inflammaging' increases disease burden and controls lifespan. Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) are critical regulators of inflammaging; however, the mechanisms involved are not well understood in part because the molecular identities of niche-specific ATMs are unknown. Using intravascular labeling to exclude circulating myeloid cells followed by single-cell sequencing with orthogonal validation via multiparametric flow cytometry, we define sex-specific changes and diverse populations of resident ATMs through lifespan in mice.

ProcessGAN: Generating Privacy-Preserving Time-Aware Process Data with Conditional Generative Adversarial Nets.

Process data constructed from event logs provides valuable insights into procedural dynamics over time. The confidential information in process data, together with the data's intricate nature, makes the datasets not sharable and challenging to collect. Consequently, research is limited using process data and analytics in the process mining domain.

Nanoparticle-Mediated Regulation of Intracellular Ferric Ions to Induce Motor Neuron Differentiation for Spinal Cord Injury Repair.

Stem cell therapy is a prospective approach to the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI), which features grievous harm of motor and sensory functions. However, the proportion of motor neurons spontaneously differentiated from neural stem cells (NSCs) is insufficient to form functional neural networks, resulting in a poor therapeutic effect of NSCs for SCI repair. Herein, we report that regulating the intracellular concentration of ferric ions (Fe) enables directed differentiation of NSCs into motor neurons.

The insulator EACBE regulates V(D)J recombination of Tcrd gene by modulating chromatin organization.

T cell receptor (TCR) diversity, essential for the recognition of a wide array of antigens, is generated through V(D)J recombination. The and genes reside within a shared genomic locus, with rearrangement occurring first in the double-negative (DN) stage during thymocyte development. Elucidating the regulatory mechanisms governing rearrangement is therefore crucial for understanding the developmental coordination of both and rearrangements.

Distinct Electronic Origins of Superconductivity and Nematicity in FeSe.

The complex interplay between superconductivity, nematicity, and magnetism in iron-based superconductors remains a significant challenge in understanding its high-temperature superconductivity. Despite that numerous experiments aim at revealing the underlying mechanisms for superconductivity and nematicity by varying multiple tuning parameters, the inherent entanglement of these parameters complicates the isolation of the fundamental factors that drive the transitions. Here, by introducing a novel hydrothermal treatment to FeSe, we are able to effectively reduce interstitial Fe without altering the crystal structure and magnetic properties.

Environmental Exposure to Melamine Derivatives and Early Kidney Injury: Role of Ferroptosis and Oxidative Stress.

Melamine (MEL) and its derivatives are known for acute nephrotoxicity, but the risks from chronic exposure and underlying mechanisms of toxicity are unclear. We integrated environmental monitoring (356 pairs of house dust and urine samples collected across mainland China) with cell-based bioassays to investigate MEL exposure sources and toxic effects. MEL-related chemicals were frequently detected in dust (median: 10.

A hydroxyl coumarin-chalcone-based fluorescent probe for sensing copper ions in plant and living cells.

Copper ions are essential trace elements for living organisms. However, its excessive levels in the liver and kidneys may lead to severe health issues. Therefore, developing effective fluorescent probes for detecting copper ions is crucial.

Mutations in spliceosomal gene SNW1 cause neurodevelopment disorders with microcephaly.

The spliceosome is a critical cellular machinery responsible for pre-mRNA splicing, essential for the proper expression of genes. Mutations in its core components are increasingly linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, such as primary microcephaly. Here, we investigated the role of SNW1, a spliceosomal protein, in splicing integrity and neurodevelopment.

Association between dietary choline intake and bone mineral density in adolescents: a NHANES-based study.

Introduction: Dietary choline has been implicated in bone health, but its association with bone mineral density (BMD) in adolescents remains unclear. This study examines the relationship between dietary choline intake and BMD in adolescents aged 12-19 years.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study included 2,531 adolescents from the NHANES 2005-2010 dataset, using weighted analyses to account for complex survey design.

RNA binding protein HuR regulated by OIP5-AS1 may be involved in maternal transcript degradation during the human maternal-to-zygotic transition.

Background: The maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) is a critical process in early human development, involving the degradation of maternal gene transcripts and activation of zygotic genes. Any disruption in the degradation of maternal transcripts may be associated with some reproductive disorders. However, the precise mechanism by which maternal gene transcripts are degraded during this transition remains unclear.

Piezoelectric-IL-4 programmed regulation of immuno-microenvironment-induced mesenchymal stem cell recruitment and differentiation for bone regeneration.

In craniomaxillofacial bone defect repair, both classically (M1) and alternatively (M2) activated macrophages coexist and are crucial to the repair process. However, recent studies focus on regulating macrophage M2 repolarization to promote osteogenic differentiation, overlooking the significant role of the M1 phenotype in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) recruitment. Consequently, this research reports a programmed macrophage polarization therapy that is based on natural immunoregulatory.

Diverse Segments Defocus Optimization spectacle lenses induce rapid changes in axial length and regional changes in choroidal thickness in children with myopia.

Purpose: To investigate rapid changes in axial length (AL) and regional changes in choroidal thickness (ChT) and the choroidal vessel index (CVI) in myopic children with myopia caused by optical defocus.

Methods: Sixty-two eyes of 31 children wearing Diverse Segments Defocus Optimization (DSDO) spectacle lenses and 58 eyes of 29 children wearing single-vision spectacle lenses (SVL) were included. All participants were fully corrected and evaluated before and immediately after 30 min of reading.

Sequentially Releasing Aspirin and Osteogenic Growth Peptide Scaffold Modulates Immunity and Bone Homeostasis to Enhance Periodontal Bone Regeneration.

Severe periodontitis, affecting 10% of the population, is characterized by chronic inflammation and bone loss. Given the limitations of current treatments, modulating inflammation and enhancing bone regeneration from an immunological perspective represent a promising strategy. This study developed a hierarchical drug delivery scaffold with an outer layer of poly(lactic--glycolic acid) loaded with aspirin and an inner core of poly(L-lactic acid) containing osteogenic growth peptide (OGP), fabricated via electrospinning.

Association between dietary vitamin B12 intake and bone mineral density in adolescents.

Background: Vitamin B12, essential for bone health, has an unclear relationship with bone mineral density (BMD) in adolescents. This study examined this association.

Methods: Data were drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Pathogenic mutations disrupt stress granules assembly in patients with DDX3X neurodevelopmental disorder.

DDX3X neurodevelopmental disorder (DDX3X-NDD) represents a recently identified genetic syndrome characterized by intellectual disability (ID) and developmental delays, primarily caused by pathogenic variants in the DDX3X gene. The physiological ramifications of these mutations remain largely unexplored. In this study, we reported 21 DDX3X variants from 22 Chinese patients with DDX3X-NDD by whole exome sequencing.

Effects of Different Calcium Preparations on Fresh-Cut Quality and Storage Quality of Starkrimson Apple.

Appropriate calcium treatments help maintain the appearance, nutritional quality, and postharvest quality of apples, reducing losses during storage. This study investigated the effects of different calcium preparations on the fresh-cut quality and ultrastructure of 'Starkrimson' apples. The treatments included control (CK), calcium chloride (T1), sorbitol-chelated calcium (T2), and calcium nitrate (T3).

Advances in Prostate Cancer Biomarkers and Probes.

Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors in men worldwide, and early diagnosis is essential to improve patient survival. This review provides a comprehensive discussion of recent advances in prostate cancer biomarkers, including molecular, cellular, and exosomal biomarkers. The potential of various biomarkers such as gene fusions (TMPRSS2-ERG), noncoding RNAs (SNHG12), proteins (PSA, PSMA, AR), and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted therapies of prostate cancer is emphasized.

Beyond phthalates: Investigating non-phthalate plasticizers in indoor environments-A nationwide survey from China.

Research on plasticizers, particularly non-phthalate plasticizers (NPAEs), in indoor environments and their associated human exposure risks remains limited in China. To address this, we analyzed 374 house dust samples nationwide for 11 phthalates (PAEs) and 16 NPAEs. Nineteen of 27 target analytes were widely detected, with total plasticizer concentrations (∑plasticizers) ranging from 14.

Ultrasound-activated piezoelectric nanostickers for neural stem cell therapy of traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with life-threatening and permanent disabilities. Given the limited capacity of neurons to regenerate, effective treatments for TBI are lacking. Neural stem cells (NSCs) can differentiate into fully functioning neurons and thus hold promise for TBI treatment.

Melamine derivatives in indoor dust from China: Temporal trends and human exposure before and during COVID-19 pandemic.

Melamine-based compounds (MELs) are emerging indoor contaminants with potential health risks, yet their temporal variations and exposure implications remain poorly characterized. In this study, we analyzed MELs in 66 paired indoor dust samples from residential households in Tianjin, China, comparing pre- and during-COVID-19 periods. Four traditional MELs, i.

PSTP: accurate residue-level phase separation prediction using protein conformational and language model embeddings.

Phase separation (PS) is essential in cellular processes and disease mechanisms, highlighting the need for predictive algorithms to analyze uncharacterized sequences and accelerate experimental validation. Current high-accuracy methods often rely on extensive annotations or handcrafted features, limiting their generalizability to sequences lacking such annotations and making it difficult to identify key protein regions involved in PS. We introduce Phase Separation's Transfer-learning Prediction (PSTP), which combines conformational embeddings with large language model embeddings, enabling state-of-the-art PS predictions from protein sequences alone.

Sex-specific association between dietary carbohydrate intake and bone mineral density among American adolescents: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Background: The association between dietary carbohydrate intake and bone mineral density (BMD) remains controversial, and research on this topic among adolescents is lacking. This study aimed to examine the relationship between dietary carbohydrate intake and BMD in adolescents.

Methods: This study examined data from adolescents (12-19 years) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2005-2010).

Sex difference in the association between dietary iron intake and bone mineral density in adolescents aged 12-19: A cross-sectional study.

Background: This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between dietary iron intake and bone mineral density (BMD) in adolescents, exploring how dietary iron intake and other variables collectively influence BMD.

Methods: We analyzed data from participants aged 12-19 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from 2005 to 2010. Multivariate linear regression, incorporating multiple covariates, assessed the association between dietary iron intake and BMD at the lumbar and femoral sites.

The role of CSNK1A1 and its de novo mutations in infantile spasms syndrome.

Infantile spasms syndrome (ISS) is an early-onset epileptic encephalopathy characterized by uncontrollable seizures, severe electroencephalogram abnormalities, as well as delayed cognitive and behavioral development. Independent studies have shown that a variety of genes are involved in ISS and genetic factors play a critical role in its pathogenesis. Here we report two de novo mutations in the casein kinase 1 isoform alpha (CSNK1A1) gene which underlie severe epilepsy with similar clinical presentation in two patients.