Effects of lactylation on the hallmarks of cancer (Review).

Lactylation, an emerging metabolism-dependent post-translational modification, serves as a core mechanism linking metabolic reprogramming with epigenetic regulation in establishing the multifaceted hallmarks of cancer. The present review systematically elucidates how lactylation dynamically regulates the functions of both histone and non-histone proteins, driving the acquisition of classical cancer hallmarks including sustained proliferative signaling, evasion of growth suppressors, resistance to cell death, induction of angiogenesis, activation of invasion and metastasis and replicative immortality. Furthermore, lactylation is intricately involved in enabling the emerging hallmarks of cancer, such as the maintenance of genome instability, shaping of a pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment (TME), immune escape, metabolic reprogramming, unlocking phenotypic plasticity and non-mutational epigenetic reprogramming.

Anthropogenic forcing drives equatorward migration of heatwave locations across continents.

Heatwaves have increased in frequency, intensity, duration, and spatial extent, posing a serious threat to socioeconomic development, natural ecosystems and human health worldwide. Assessments of trends in heatwave locations (HWL) have been hindered by the distinct regional characteristics of heatwaves across continents. Here we identify a consistent striking equatorward migration in the average latitudinal location of heatwaves occurrence over the period 1979-2023 based on various datasets.

Molecular mechanisms and potential implications of ferroptosis, cuproptosis, and disulfidptosis in septic lung injury.

Sepsis remains a life-threatening condition worldwide, causing significant morbidity and mortality across diverse patient populations. Among the various organs adversely affected by sepsis, the lung is particularly vulnerable, often succumbing to acute lung injury (ALI) or its more severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Recent basic and translational research has highlighted the importance of multiple regulated cell death (RCD) pathways beyond traditional apoptosis in the pathogenesis of septic lung injury.

Traceable nanoparticles with mitochondria-targeting pyruvate-Cu induce cuproptosis for enhanced triple-negative breast cancer therapy in a mouse model.

We develop pyruvate with good biocompatibility and mitochondria-targeting ability as a copper ionophore (pyruvate-Cu). To further address its drawbacks, traceable nanoparticles are constructed to deliver pyruvate-Cu for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment. and results demonstrate that this work provides an efficient platform for enhanced TNBC therapy.

Effect of natural environmental changes on Hainan migratory population with hypertension in China and related plasma metabolism features.

The population-based study was aimed to probe the impact of environments on migratory population. A preliminary research on the duration of Hainan and the changes of blood pressure between Hainan and hometown was carried out among 262 migratory population. Fourteen pairs of long-term migrants and short-term migrants who migrated from Northeast China were further matched.

Association Between Exercise Behavior Stages and Obesity Transition in Children and Adolescents: A Nationwide Follow-Up Study.

To examine the association between stages of exercise behavior change, as defined by the transtheoretical model (TTM), and obesity progression among Chinese children and adolescents, with attention to gender and urban-rural differences. A total of 5006 Chinese children and adolescents aged 9-18 years were assessed in 2019 and followed up in 2020. Participants were categorized into five TTM stages: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance.

Negative differential resistance in memristive systems: historical evolution, mechanisms and neuromorphic applications of niobium oxide devices.

The synergy between the memristive effect and negative differential resistance (NDR) offers promising prospects for advancing electronic devices and circuits. Predictable outcomes include the development of devices with improved performance and functionality that are applicable across a wide range of fields, from computing architecture to neuromorphic engineering. Despite the growing body of literature exploring this convergence, the effective implementation of the NDR effect in memristors faces many challenges.

Rapid construction of furan-linked bisheterocycles a palladium-catalyzed domino Heck/cross-coupling reaction.

A palladium-catalyzed domino Heck/cross-coupling reaction of alkene-tethered aryl iodides with β-chloroenones is reported. This reaction enables the formation of one C-O bond and two C-C bonds to construct bisheterocycles in a single operation an intramolecular carbopalladation, followed by a carbene-based cross-coupling with β-chloroenones as a non-diazo carbene precursor, providing an efficient method for synthesizing furan-linked dihydrobenzofurans/oxindoles in yields up to 98%.

Species Diversity and Resource Status of Macrofungi in Beijing: Insights from Natural and Urban Habitats.

This study systematically documented macrofungal diversity in Beijing, China (field surveys conducted from 2020 to 2024) using line-transect and random sampling. A total of 1056 species were identified, spanning 2 phyla, 7 classes, 25 orders, 109 families, and 286 genera. The inventory includes 12 new species, 456 new records for Beijing, 79 new records for China, and comprises 116 edible, 56 edible-medicinal, 123 medicinal, and 58 poisonous species.

II-type heterojunction of FeTiO@PCN-223(Zn) with oxygen vacancies established by ball milling for visible-light-driven photo-Fenton degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride.

Wastewater with excessive antibiotics poses potential hazards to the environment and human health. A FeTiO@PCN-223(Zn) II-type heterojunction enriched with oxygen vacancies was successfully established by simple mechanical ball milling. Compared to individual FeTiO and PCN-223(Zn), the FeTiO@PCN-223(Zn) composite exhibited superior Fenton photocatalytic degradation capability.

Roadmap for Next-Generation Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies: Secondary Batteries and Supercapacitors.

The transition from fossil fuels to environmentally friendly renewable energy sources is crucial for achieving global initiatives such as the carbon peak and carbon neutrality. The use of secondary batteries and supercapacitors based on electrochemical energy storage principles provides high energy density, conversion efficiency, and rapid response times, offering essential solutions for stabilizing and ensuring the reliability of energy supply from renewable sources despite their intermittency. In recent years, increased demands for higher energy density, improved rate performance, longer cycle life, enhanced safety, and cost-effectiveness have driven researchers to delve deeper into electrode materials, electrolytes, and storage mechanisms in secondary batteries.

Tunable surface potential nanomaterials for enhanced environmental nucleic acid extraction and surveillance.

Environmental nucleic acid (eNA) technology is an essential tool for public health and environmental management, including virus surveillance and antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) monitoring. However, large-scale, high-frequency eNA analysis remains challenging due to existing extraction techniques being inefficient, time-consuming, and reliant on specialized equipment. This study introduces a versatile eNA extraction approach using a reusable magnetic material with tunable surface potential (TPMP), achieving ∼90 % recovery efficiency within 60 min and demonstrating superior enrichment across various eNA forms.

E2-based mRNA vaccine encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles protects pigs against classical swine fever virus.

Unlabelled: Classical swine fever (CSF), caused by the classical swine fever virus (CSFV), remains a significant threat to the global pig industry. Recent advances in mRNA vaccines offered a promising platform for combating CSFV. In this study, we designed and evaluated three lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated mRNA vaccine candidates encoding the ectodomain of E2 glycoprotein (E2_EX), E2_EX fused with the transmembrane (TM) region of the PEDV S protein (E2tm), and E2_EX fused with the TM region of the influenza virus HA protein (E2tm-HA).

CREB binding protein (CREBBP): Structure-based perspectives for the development of clinical inhibitors.

Acetylation is an essential process in biological processes. In tissues, protein acetylation occurs mainly at lysine (K) residues. The balance between acetylation and deacetylation is under the control of two enzyme families, histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC), respectively.

Dual-Functional AgNPs/Magnetic Coal Fly Ash Composite for Wastewater Disinfection and Azo Dye Removal.

In this study, we report the development of a novel magnetized coal fly ash-supported nano-silver composite (AgNPs/MCFA) for dual-functional applications in wastewater treatment: the efficient degradation of methyl orange (MO) dye and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. The composite was synthesized via a facile impregnation-reduction-sintering route, utilizing sodium citrate as both a reducing and stabilizing agent. The AgNPs/MCFA composite was systematically characterized through multiple analytical techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).

Colon adenocarcinoma hidden behind emphysematous pyelonephritis: A case report.

Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN), a severe acute necrotizing infection, is one of the most serious types of urinary tract infections, with high rates of kidney loss and mortality. Diabetes and urinary tract obstruction are diagnosed before EPN. However, it is uncommon for EPN to occur secondary to gastrointestinal tract diseases.

Engineered anti-cancer nanomedicine for synergistic cuproptosis-immunotherapy.

Tumor immunotherapy has seen remarkable progress in recent cancer treatments. However, its broad clinical application is hindered by several challenges, such as the low immunogenicity of "cold tumors," immunosuppressive conditions within the tumor microenvironment, and persistent immune evasion of cancer cells. Therefore, selectively enhancing the immune response during cancer therapy is crucial.

Neural Network-Assisted Analysis of Free O-H Orientational Distribution at the Air-Water Interface: Gaussian or Exponential?

The studies on the orientational distribution of free O-H groups at the air-water interface have sparked an ongoing scientific debate, giving rise to three compelling theoretical frameworks: the first proposes a stepwise angular distribution; the second hypothesizes a Gaussian pattern; while the third suggests an exponential decay in orientation probabilities. The challenges of understanding the orientation of free O-H groups often stem from insufficient consideration of their conformational states. For instance, a free O-H group can adopt one of two distinct configurational states: (1) the "doubly free" state, termed as -HOH-, where neither of the two O-H groups in a water molecule participates in hydrogen bonding, and (2) the "mixed" state, termed as -HOH-, in which one O-H group remains free while the other engages in hydrogen bonding.

Dissection of genomic drivers of spike morphology changes in wheat by high-throughput phenotyping.

Spike morphology is crucial for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield and environmental adaptation. We developed a high-throughput phenotyping platform to dissect spike morphology traits based on 54 traits in 1,359 wheat accessions.

IFI16 Induced by p53 Activates the NF-κB Pathway to Counteract Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis in Cervical Cancer Cells.

Cervical cancer ranks as the second most prevalent cancer among women worldwide, and the primary treatment for advanced cases involves cisplatin-based chemotherapy. However, the duration of cisplatin treatment is typically short, with a median survival rate of approximately 1 year. This highlights the urgent need to enhance our understanding of cisplatin's mechanism of action in cervical cancer treatment.

Epithelial characteristics of ovarian clear cell carcinoma at single-cell resolution.

Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) represents a rare and aggressive subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer with distinctive clinical and molecular characteristics. However, the identification, origin, and molecular features of the malignant epithelial cells in OCCC remain poorly studied. We establish an OCCC-associated transcriptional landscape using single-cell RNA sequencing and investigated the properties of epithelial cells in tissues from normal ovaries, ovarian endometriosis, primary OCCC and recurrent OCCC to assess the status of malignant epithelial cells.

Beneficial Effects of Apple Polyphenol Extract and Time-Restricted Feeding on Ulcerative Colitis and Accompanying Depression-like Behaviors Are Correlated with Gut-Brain Axis Modulation.

Time-restricted feeding (TRF) and apple polyphenol extract (APE) emerged as promising adjuvant strategies for managing inflammation and gut microbiota imbalances. Ulcerative colitis (UC), characterized by recurrent episodes, is difficult to cure and often accompanied by anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. To investigate whether TRF, APE, or their combined intervention could prevent UC and associated behavioral disorders, a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC model in C57BL/6 male mice was employed, and APE (500 mg/kg·body weight·day) was administered via gavage.

Current status and advances in the treatment of colorectal cancer with liver metastases.

The incidence of colorectal cancer is gradually increasing, and a majority of patients are diagnosed with distant metastases at the time of initial diagnosis, with the liver being the most common site of metastasis. Unlike most malignant tumors, patients with distant metastases can still achieve favorable prognoses if both the primary tumor and liver metastases are surgically resected. With advances in systemic therapies, many patients with initially unresectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer can undergo systemic treatment to achieve conversion therapy, thereby gaining the opportunity for surgery.

Poor sleep quality among patients with Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Objective: Poor sleep quality is common among patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), although the reported prevalence rates vary between studies. This meta-analysis examined the overall prevalence of poor sleep quality in patients with PD and identified potential factors contributing to the differences in prevalence across studies.

Methods: Both PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines were applied in this meta-analysis.

Subambient Daytime Radiation Cooling Protective Materials Based on Micro-nano Polyethylene Fibers.

Polyethylene (PE) nonwovens produced via flash spunbonding are widely used in personal protective equipment (PPE) and construction due to their excellent mechanical strength, barrier properties, and balanced water-vapor permeability. However, conventional PE-based protective materials often experience significant heat and moisture buildup during extended use in high-temperature environments, leading to discomfort, excessive perspiration, and even heat stress. Here, we developed radiative cooling PE nonwovens (PE-P/SiO) by applying a polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP)/silicon dioxide (SiO) hierarchical porous coating via a non-solvent-induced phase separation method.