Rapid construction of furan-linked bisheterocycles a palladium-catalyzed domino Heck/cross-coupling reaction.

A palladium-catalyzed domino Heck/cross-coupling reaction of alkene-tethered aryl iodides with β-chloroenones is reported. This reaction enables the formation of one C-O bond and two C-C bonds to construct bisheterocycles in a single operation an intramolecular carbopalladation, followed by a carbene-based cross-coupling with β-chloroenones as a non-diazo carbene precursor, providing an efficient method for synthesizing furan-linked dihydrobenzofurans/oxindoles in yields up to 98%.

Detailed analysis of the effects of a NOT gate on activation and growth of T cells.

Background Aims: Dual-receptor NOT gates provide a mechanism to target effector cells to antigens that are absent in specific tissues, a situation that occurs frequently in cancer. For example, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is a genetic event that removes large segments of one or the other homologous chromosome. Roughly 20% of the genes in an average solid tumor undergo LOH by the time of clonal neoplastic expansion, such that these irreversible genetic lesions are present in every cell of the tumor.

The Multifaceted Role of Regulatory T Cells in Sepsis: Mechanisms, Heterogeneity, and Pathogen-Tailored Therapies.

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated immune response to infection, characterized by an initial hyperinflammatory phase frequently followed by compensatory immunosuppression (CARS). Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical, biphasic role: inadequate suppression during early hyperinflammation fails to control cytokine storms, while excessive/persistent activity in late-phase immunosuppression drives immune paralysis and secondary infection susceptibility. This review explores advances in targeting Treg immunoregulation across bacterial, viral, and fungal sepsis, where pathogenic type critically influenced the types of immunoresponses, shaping Treg heterogeneity in terms of phenotype, survival, and function.

CD1d-Restricted NKT Cells Promote Central Memory CD8 T Cell Formation via an IL-15-pSTAT5-Eomes Axis in a Pathogen-Exposed Environment.

The generation of memory CD8 T cells is essential for establishing protective T cell immunity against pathogens and cancers. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying memory CD8 T cell formation remain incompletely understood. Reliance on specific pathogen-free (SPF) models, characterized by restricted microbial exposure, may limit our understanding of physiologically relevant immune memory development.

HSF1 in macrophages suppressed the progression of asthma via modulating SIRPα/SHP2-Dectin-1/ SYK mediated ROS and inflammatory responses.

HSF1, SIRPα, and Dectin-1 play crucial roles in immune regulation and inflammatory responses, their rols in asthma remained unclear, thereby the study was carried on. Twenty-one SPF-grade C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: sham group, Model group, and Model + HSF1A group, with seven mice in each group. Except for the sham group, the other two groups were induced with OVA to establish an asthma model.

Single-cell transcriptomic analyses reveal cellular and molecular patterns of rose petal responses to gray mold infection.

Roses ) are the most popular cut flower plants worldwide, accounting for over a third of the global cut flower industry. Gray mold, caused by , is often referred to as the postharvest "cancer" of cut roses and represents the most significant disease impacting the postharvest preservation of these flowers in China. Currently, research progress in this area has been limited.

Temporal mapping of the anti-tumor effects of nanobody-based MSLN.CAR-T cell therapy in metastatic solid tumors.

Studies on the dynamic changes occurring in the tumor microenvironment (TME) following CAR-T cell therapy have been confounded by host lymphodepletion, multiple dosing and immunodeficient models. Here, a nanobody-based, mouse mesothelin-targeting CAR-T cell (A101) was developed, achieving effective primary tumor suppression, metastasis reduction, and improved survival after a single dose in immunocompetent, syngeneic mouse models without lymphodepletion. Temporal tumor profiling using RNA sequencing revealed initial downregulation of cell proliferation genes followed by upregulation of inflammation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) and extracellular matrix (ECM) modification genes in the CAR-T-treated tumors relative to mock-T-treated controls.

Au-involving chalcogen bond in 4-(2-chalcophenyl)-1,2,3-triazolylidene Au(I) complexes: synthesis, characterization, and photophysical properties.

Noncovalent interactions, particularly chalcogen bonds (ChBs), have gained prominence in modern chemistry due to their tunability and directionality. We present a pioneering investigation of a d metal-involving ChB in triazolylidene Au(I) complexes. The crystal structures reveal the occurrence of intramolecular ChBs between Au(I) and chalcophene substituents positioned on the wingtip of triazolylidene ligands.

Physiological Responses and Transcriptome Analysis of Under Low-Temperature Stress.

species are highly ornamental but sensitive to habitat temperature, making cross-border domestication challenging. In this study, physiological indicators and transcriptome data of 'shizhitou' were analyzed to identify key factors involved in the response to cold. The findings provide a scientific basis for the conservation of germplasm resources and breeding of cold-tolerant varieties.

Onboard, tethered IL-12 boosts potency of the Tmod NOT gate and preserves selectivity.

Background: To reach their full potential in cancer therapy, immune cells engineered with synthetic constructs must achieve the challenging dual objectives of potency and selectivity to overcome the key obstacle: non-specific cytotoxicity. These problems are especially challenging for solid tumor therapy, where antigen tissue specificity, accessibility, and tumor microenvironment are problematic. Cells engineered with receptors that act as synthetic logic gates promise to address the issue of tumor specificity by targeting antigen profiles rather than single antigens.

Robust differentiation of NK cells from MSLN.CAR-IL-15-engineered human iPSCs with enhanced antitumor efficacy against solid tumors.

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a promising source for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered natural killer (NK) products. However, complex iPSC-NK (iNK) manufacturing challenges clinical use. Here, we identified LiPSC-GR1.

Tailored Polymer-Zeolite Imidazolate Framework Membranes for Aperture-Matched C4 Hydrocarbon Separation.

The integration of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with polymers for efficient C4 hydrocarbon separation membranes remains challenging, primarily due to inherent phase incompatibility. This work presents an in-situ synthesis strategy for polymer-zeolitic-imidazolate frameworks (polyZIF), utilizing polymer-metal-ligand coordination bonds combined with structural directing agents to produce crystalline microporous frameworks. With an accessible BET surface area of 261 m g and a permanent porosity of ca.

Chemical Composition, Edible Safety, and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Flowers in a Medicinal Plant .

stem is a famous traditional ethnic medicinal, and its flowers have the potential to be used as new food or traditional Chinese medicine resources. However, the chemical composition, edible safety, and antioxidant capacity of flowers are insufficient. In this study, we collected 49 samples of flowers from 49 cultivation sites across five southern provinces in China.

Analysis of clinical and genetic features in a pediatric patient with Kartagener syndrome caused by compound heterozygous mutations in the gene: a case study and literature review.

Kartagener syndrome (KS), a subtype of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), is a rare genetic disorder characterized by , chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, recurrent respiratory infections, and impaired ciliary function. It is diagnosed through physical examination, imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT), nasal nitric oxide measurement, genetic testing, and pulmonary function tests. We present a case study of a 15-year-and-11-month-old male patient with KS complicated by sinusitis, secretory otitis media, and bronchiectasis.

Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analyses of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Flowers.

Background: is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb with notable ornamental and medicinal value.

Methods: In this study, transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches were employed to investigate gene expression and secondary metabolite changes during four developmental stages of flowers.

Results: Metabolomic analysis identified 1186 distinct metabolites, with flavonoid compounds being the most abundant category (213 types).

BuZhong YiQi Formula Alleviates Diabetes-Caused Hyposalivation by Activating Salivary Secretion Pathway in the Parotid and Submandibular Glands of Rats.

: BuZhong Yiqi Formula (BZYQF) has significant ameliorative effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, its efficacy in alleviating the hyposalivation caused by T2DM needs to be confirmed, and its mechanism is unclear. : Network pharmacology and molecular docking were combined to analyze the molecular mechanism by which BZYQF alleviates T2DM-caused hyposalivation.

Adsorption behavior and mechanism of aqueous organic contaminants on β-cyclodextrin polymer.

The β-cyclodextrin polymer, synthesized using tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile (TFPN-β-CD), was employed for the adsorption of ten organic contaminants in water. Among them, methylene blue (MB), bisphenol A (BPA), tetracycline, and kaempferol exhibited superior adsorption efficiency and were selected for detailed investigation. Toth isotherm model appropriately described the adsorption process of TFPN-β-CD with MB, BPA, tetracycline and kaempferol compared with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models.

Pd-catalyzed domino Heck cyclization/cross-coupling of indoles with β-chlorovinyl ketones: synthesis of furan-bearing indolo[2,1-]isoquinolines with antifungal activity.

Herein, a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling cascade cyclization of alkene-tethered indoles and ()-β-chlorovinyl ketones, providing access to various furan-bearing indolo[2,1-]isoquinolines, is reported. The reaction enables the rapid construction of one C-O bond and two C-C bonds to form bis-heterocycles. Furthermore, these furan-bearing indolo[2,1-]isoquinolines exhibited certain antifungal activity .

Accelerate Cutting Tasks in Real-Time Interactive Cutting Simulation of Deformable Objects.

Simulation speed is crucial for virtual reality simulators involving real-time interactive cutting of deformable objects, such as surgical simulators. Previous efforts to accelerate these simulations resulted in significant speed increases during non-cutting periods, but only moderate ones during cutting periods. This paper aims to further increase the latter.

Case Report: Necrotizing pneumonia in pediatric patients: a rare case of unilateral necrosis in two entire lobe tissues.

Background: Necrotizing pneumonia is a serious complication of infection, especially in pediatric patients. Although necrotizing pneumonia is a rare condition, the occurrence of unilateral necrosis in two entire lobe tissues is even rarer. This case study presents a 5-year-old male child with necrotizing pneumonia caused by , describing the clinical features, laboratory abnormalities, and radiographic findings associated with this condition, particularly the rare occurrence of unilateral necrosis in two entire lobe tissues.

Facile Integration of Bacterial Cellulose with Liquid Crystal Elastomers Enables Robust Biomimetic Helical Yarn Actuators.

Inspired from helical structures in nature, liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) fiber actuators are developed for soft robotics and smart wearables. However, the facile development of robust LCE yarn actuators remains challenging due to the lightly cross-linked networks of LCE with the inherently poor mechanical properties. Here, the bionic helical yarn actuator is constructed through integrating the shape-morphing LCE fiber as the actuation phase and the highly ordered orientation biomass bacterial cellulose (BC) macrofibers as the reinforcement phase by a facile twisting and two-step cross-linking strategy.

Molecular and Metabolic Regulation of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Two Varieties of .

is an important medicinal plant, rich in flavonoid, with various pharmacological activities such as stomachic and antioxidant properties. In this study, we integrated metabolome and transcriptome analyses to reveal metabolite and gene expression profiles of both green (GDd) and purple-red (RDd) of semi-annual and annual stems. A total of 244 flavonoid metabolites, mainly flavones and flavonols, were identified and annotated.

Nanocellulose-based functional materials towards water treatment.

Water resources are important ecological resources for human survival. To date, advanced water purification technology has become one of the focus of global attention due to the continuous deterioration of the environment and the serious shortage of freshwater resources. Recently, nanocellulose, as a kind of sustainable and carbon-neutral biopolymer, has not only the properties of cellulose, but also the important nature of nanomaterials, including large specific surface area, tailorable surface chemistry, excellent mechanical flexibility, biodegradability, and environmental compatibility.

Persistence of activated anti-mesothelin hYP218 chimeric antigen receptor T cells in the tumour is associated with efficacy in gastric and colorectal carcinomas.

Patients with advanced gastric and colorectal cancers have limited treatment options. Since mesothelin is highly expressed in these tumour types, we evaluated the therapeutic benefits of anti-mesothelin hYP218 CAR T cells alone, and in combination with anti-PD1 antibody, pembrolizumab. GEPIA analysis was performed using human gastric (n = 408) and colon cancer tumours (n = 275) in TCGA database, to evaluate mRNA expression of mesothelin, compared to normal tissues.