Mechanisms of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex Volatile Oil in Alleviating 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Mucositis via Multi-Omics Approaches.

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced mucositis (CIM) causes severe gastrointestinal symptoms in cancer patients. Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, a traditional medicine, has demonstrated therapeutic promise in mitigating intestinal mucositis and gastrointestinal disorders, with advantages including marked efficacy and low adverse effect profiles compared to conventional pharmacotherapies. However, the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of the volatile oil of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (MagO) against CIM remain elusive.

Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Vascular Disease in Valvular Heart Surgery: A Multi-Centre Study.

Background: The clinical significance of atherosclerotic disease in more than one vascular bed, that is, polyvascular disease, in valvular heart surgery remains poorly understood. This study aims to establish the prevalence and prognostic value of polyvascular disease for long-term outcomes after valvular heart surgery.

Methods: Patients receiving valvular heart surgery at two tertiary centres from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2021 were identified.

Rising CO and Decarbonization Strategies of Aviation in China in the Coming Decade.

The aviation industry, contributing 2.8% of global carbon dioxide (CO) emissions, faces significant decarbonization challenges. This study examines China's aviation sector, which is expected to become the world's largest market.

Sustainable in-situ arsenic immobilization in paddy soils using magnetic biochar and the role of microbial functional genes.

Arsenic (As) contamination in paddy soils poses a threat to both rice safety and human health. To address this challenge, we developed and evaluated an in-situ remediation approach using magnetic iron oxide biochar (MBC) for paddy soils with varying As contamination levels, aiming to reduce As accumulation in rice grains. MBC significantly altered soil physicochemical properties [pH, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), soil organic matter (SOM), and Free iron oxides (Fe-ox)] at both tillering and maturity stages.

Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Quadricuspid vs Bicuspid Aortic Valve.

Importance: Congenital aortic valve disease predominantly manifests as bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), while quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) is considerably rarer. Whether outcomes vary between these 2 types of congenital aortic valve disease remains unknown.

Objective: To compare outcomes between patients with QAV and patients with BAV.

The Effect of the Antidepressant Citalopram on the Bioconcentration and Biomarker Response of at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations.

The widespread use and pseudo-persistent occurrence of the antidepressant citalopram (CIT) could pose a potential ecological risk in the aquatic environment. The message about the bioconcentration and sensitive biomarker identification of CIT at the environmentally relevant concentrations is limited. In this study, an integral evaluation of the phenotypic and biochemical effects of CIT on () was conducted at 0.

Incremental Prognostic Value of Right and Left Atrial Volume Indices for Predicting Cardiovascular Outcomes in Atrial Fibrillation: A Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia associated with high morbidity and mortality. While the left atrial volume index (LAVI) is a known prognostic marker, the right atrial volume index (RAVI) in this setting remains less well defined. This study aimed to investigate the incremental prognostic value of the RAVI alongside the LAVI in predicting adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with AF, a common arrhythmia associated with increased morbidity and mortality.

The effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on HbA1c variability and cardiovascular and renal adverse outcome in patients with T2DM.

Aims: To compare the effectiveness of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors in reducing haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) variability and improving cardiovascular and renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and high HbA1c variability.

Methods: This territory-wide cohort study involved patients with T2DM and an HbA1c variability score (HVS) >60% who initiated SGLT2 inhibitors or DPP-4 inhibitors in Hong Kong between 2015 and 2022. Propensity score (PS) matching was used to adjust for confounders.

Left ventricular dilatation in patients with significant aortic regurgitation: association with outcome.

Aims: Left ventricular (LV) dilatation is an important prognostic factor in patients with aortic regurgitation (AR). Although current guidelines recommend the use of LV end-systolic diameter index (LVESDi) to indicate the need for intervention, recent studies suggested that LV end-systolic volume index (LVESVi) may more accurately characterize LV remodelling.The present study aims to evaluate, in a multi-centre setting, whether combining LV linear and volumetric measures could improve risk stratification.

Integrated Care Using the ABC Pathway Improves Cardiovascular Outcomes and Survival in Patients with First-Ever Ischaemic Stroke.

Background: A recent position paper of the European Society of Cardiology Council on Stroke proposed an integrated ABC pathway to optimise post-stroke management. We evaluated the impact of ABC pathway adherence on post-stroke cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods: Patients with first-ever ischaemic stroke in Hong Kong between 2006 and 2022 were included in this retrospective cohort study.

Tamoxifen regulates ferroptosis of hepatocytes by targeting SLC1A5 to activate hepatic stellate cells and liver fibrosis.

Tamoxifen (TAM) is a commonly used drug for breast cancer treatment, mainly inhibiting estrogen receptors to prevent tumor growth. Although TAM has achieved remarkable effects in clinical treatment, recent studies have shown that TAM can cause drug-induced liver injury. However, it's still unclear whether long-term use of TAM can cause liver fibrosis.

Immunogenicity evaluation of a recombinant pseudorabies virus co-expressing PCV2 and PCV3 capsid proteins in mice and piglets.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3), and pseudorabies virus (PRV) are major pathogens posing significant threats to the swine industry. Viral evolution and mutations have limited the efficacy of current commercial vaccines, necessitating the development of more effective prophylactic strategies. In this study, a novel recombinant virus strain, designated as rPRV-ΔTK-PCV3(Cap)/ΔgIgE-PCV2(Cap), was generated using PRV SX-10 variant as the backbone.

Recombinant PRV Expressing GP3 and GP5 of PRRSV Provides Effective Protection Against Coinfection With PRV and PRRSV.

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) and Pseudorabies (PR) are highly contagious diseases caused by Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Pseudorabies virus (PRV). Due to the limited protective ability of currently commercialized vaccines against NADC30-like PRRSV and PRV variants, the pathological damage caused by coinfection of these two viruses has a significant impact on China's pig farming industry. In this study, six recombinant PRV stains with TK and gI/gE deletions and fused expression of GM-CSF and GP3 and GP5 proteins from NADC30-Like PRRSV were constructed by using the HDR-CRISPR/Cas9 system.

Feasibility of Self-Expanding Transcatheter Pulmonary Valves in Patients with Pyramidal RVOT: Favorable Mid-term Outcomes.

Transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR) is effective for treating significant pulmonary regurgitation (PR), but mid-term data in patients with pyramidal right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) anatomy are limited. This multi-center retrospective study included patients who underwent TPVR between May 2014 and September 2023. Baseline and echocardiographic data were compared between patients with pyramidal and non-pyramidal RVOT.

Recyclable Ordered Necklace-Like Polysiloxane with "Trimeric-DDSQ" Block in the Main Chain.

In this research, a recyclable ordered necklace-like "trimeric-DDSQ"-PDMS polysiloxane (DDDP) is presented. Specific bifunctional organosilicon building blocks, namely vinyl-terminated double-decker silsesquioxane (DDSQ-Vi), hydrogen-terminated double-decker silsesquioxane (DDSQ-H), and the dumbbell-shaped precursor (DPD), are fabricated. Stepwise polymerization from DPD precursor enables the synthesis of ordered necklace-like DDDPs.

Ganoderic acid A: an in-depth review of pharmacological effects and molecular docking analysis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ganoderic acid A (GAA, CHO) is one of the most abundant and active components of Ganoderic acids (GAs). GAs are highly oxidized tetracyclic triterpenoid compounds mainly derived from Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst (Chinese: ).

Heart Function, Valvular Hemodynamics, and Early-term Outcomes of Possible Thrombosis in Self-Expanding Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve.

Background: The clinical implications of hypoattenuating leaflet thickening (HALT) and its potential link to thrombosis detected via computed tomography (CT) scans in post transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR) patients are unknown. In this study we aimed to explore the prevalence, heart function, valvular hemodynamics, and early outcomes of HALT after TPVR.

Methods: We studied 64 of 76 consecutive multicentre patients who underwent TPVR, with the implantation of a Venus-P device (Venus MedTech Inc, Hangzhou, China).

Valorization of bioactive compounds from food by-products using supercritical fluid extraction: A technological and industrial perspective.

Food loss and waste (FLW) present significant challenges worldwide, affecting food supply, economic efficiency, and environmental sustainability. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) offers a promising solution for valorizing food by-products, addressing challenges related to FLW through efficient extraction of bioactive compounds. This review evaluates SFE's efficacy in extracting high-value compounds, including phenolics, terpenes, terpenoids, essential fatty acids, and dietary fibers, from food by-products.

The Macroscopic Stress-Macroscopic Strain Relationship of the Hierarchical Honeycomb Nanoporous Materials by the Spherical Nanoindentation Simulation.

The spherical nanoindentation macroscopic stress-macroscopic strain relationship of hierarchical honeycomb nanoporous material is defined by combining the spherical nanoindentation simulation and the uniaxial compression simulation. At the same time, the macroscopic elastic modulus and the macroscopic yielding stress of the hierarchical material are obtained from the curves through different methods. The results show that the macroscopic stress-macroscopic strain curve of the hierarchical nanoporous materials nanoindented to a depth of 30 nm is basically consistent with the curve of the hierarchical nanoporous materials when uniaxially compressed down to 25 nm.

Z-drugs are associated with cardiovascular outcomes among patients with heart failure: a population-based cohort study in Hong Kong.

Aims: Patients with heart failure (HF) often suffered from concomitant insomnia. Non-benzodiazepine GABA receptor agonists (Z-drugs) are hypnotics commonly used for treating insomnia. The effect of Z-drugs on the outcomes of patients with HF is nonetheless sparse.

Coexistence of acute myeloid leukemia with a complex chromosomal translocation and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: A case report and literature review.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with chromosomal translocation t(8;21)(q22;q22.1) is a rare subtype, accounting for 4-8% of all cases of AML. Despite its rarity, it has a favorable outcome.

Unlocking the dual role of autophagy: A new strategy for treating lung cancer.

Lung cancer exhibits the highest incidence and mortality rates among cancers globally, with a five-year overall survival rate alarmingly below 20%. Targeting autophagy, though a controversial therapeutic strategy, is extensively employed in clinical practice. Current research is actively pursuing various therapeutic strategies using small molecules to exploit the dual function of autophagy.

Exploring dried ginger essential oil as a therapeutic strategy for 5-FU-induced mucositis: Gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolite IAA-AHR/IL-22/STAT3 signaling axis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) commonly induces severe mucositis, causing pain, inflammation, and gastrointestinal dysfunction, which significantly increases patient morbidity and reduces quality of life. In Ayurveda, Traditional Chinese Medicine, and other ethnopharmacological practices, dried ginger has been widely used to alleviate symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and inflammation, highlighting its important role in traditional medicine.

Aim Of The Study: This study explored the potential of dried ginger essential oil (DGEO) in mitigating intestinal epithelial barrier damage in mice with mucositis induced by 5-FU.

Identification of LIMK1 as a biomarker in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: from data mining to validation.

Purpose: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most common types of renal cancer. LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1) reportedly plays an important role in tumorigenesis. However, the involvement of LIMK1 in the progression of ccRCC remains ambiguous.

Ginsenoside CK inhibits EMT and overcomes oxaliplatin resistance in gastric cancer by targeting the PI3K/Akt pathway.

Background: Gastric cancer remains a leading cause of cancer mortality, with oxaliplatin (L-OHP) resistance posing a major therapeutic challenge. Ginsenosides have shown potential in addressing chemoresistance.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether ginsenoside Compound K (CK), a derivative of protopanaxadiol ginsenosides, could overcome L-OHP resistance in gastric cancer cells.