Interpretable radiomics model based on dual-layer spectral CT iodine maps for predicting microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer: A two-center study.

Purpose: To develop and validate an interpretable radiomics model using dual-layer detector spectral CT (DLSCT)-derived iodine maps to preoperatively predict Microsatellite instability (MSI) status in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Method: A total of 255 CRC patients who underwent DLSCT were retrospectively included from two independent centers. Tumor iodine concentrations (IC) and normalized iodine concentrations (NIC) were measured and calculated.

Low-Rh/MoC/N-doped carbon nanofibers as robust bifunctional electrocatalyst for hydrazine oxidation-assisted H generation and Zn-hydrazine battery.

Replacing the sluggish anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with thermodynamically favorable hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) constitutes a transformative approach for advancing energy-efficient hydrogen (H) production. Herein, we fabricate Rh nanoparticles anchored on MoC/N-doped carbon nanofibers (MoC/NCNFs) as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for simultaneous HzOR and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Through optimizing Rh loading, the MoC/NCNFs-6Rh catalyst achieves a record-low potential of -0.

Complement Receptor 3 Regulates Microglial Exosome Release and Related Neurotoxicity via NADPH Oxidase in Neuroinflammation Associated with Parkinson's Disease.

Microglia-mediated chronic neuroinflammation is a common pathological feature of Parkinson's disease (PD). Strong evidence suggests that activated microglia can lesion neurons by releasing exosomes. However, the mechanisms of exosome release from activated microglia remain unclear.

Manipulated photocatalytic air-concentration CO into CHOH by dual hetero-metal atom pair sites.

Carbon dioxide (CO) reduction encompasses intricate protonation steps, frequently leading to unpredictable products. To achieve target product selectivity, it is essential to strategically manipulate the reaction pathway. Herein, we build Cu-Ag dual hetero-metal atom pair sites for photoreduction of 0.

Mechanistic study on ligustilide modulation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway in ameliorating Scopolamine-Induced cognitive impairment.

This research employed a multi-method strategy integrating network pharmacology, molecular docking, and animal experiments to investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of ligustilide in Alzheimer's disease (AD) management. AD-related targets were obtained from GeneCards, while ligustilide-associated targets were identified using SwissTargetPrediction. Protein interaction networks were constructed via the STRING database.

Associations between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure via infant feeding and the gut microbiota of preterm infants: A study of mother-preterm infant dyads.

Infants are exposed to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) via feeding, yet the influence of PFAS on their gut microbiota remains poorly understood. In this study, 73 mother-preterm infant dyads were recruited in Shenzhen. We measured concentrations of 13 PFAS (PFBA, PFPeA, PFHxA, PFHpA, PFOA, PFNA, PFBS, PFHxS, PFOS, HFPO-DA, ADONA, 6:2 Cl-PFESA, and 8:2 Cl-PFESA) in the feeding substances (breast milk or formula) at the fourth week postpartum.

Polymerisation-Induced Self-Assembly on Planar Surfaces: A New Approach for Controlling Surface Topography and Modulating Material-Bio Interactions.

Polymerisation-induced self-assembly (PISA) has emerged as a highly efficient method for synthesising polymeric nanoparticles with diverse and well-defined morphologies for a range of applications. While extensive research has focused on solution-based PISA mediated by conformationally free macro-stabilisers, the process of PISA on planar surfaces using surface-tethered macro-stabilisers with constrained mobility, namely surface PISA, remains largely unexplored. Investigating this process is significant to further advance PISA technology and expand its applications.

Skeletal editing of pyridines to aryldialdehydes.

Electron-deficient nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycles, particularly pyridine derivatives, can be converted into all-carbon aromatic frameworks via the ANRORC (Addition of Nucleophile, Ring-Opening, and Ring-Closing) skeletal editing process, providing a convenient tool for molecular diversification. However, reported methods are mainly limited to nucleophilic modification of ring-opening species. Herein, we report a distinct electrophilic modification method, smoothly converting pyridines into arene-1,3-dialdehydes or naphthalene-1,3-dialdehydes.

Skeletal editing of 4-arylpyrimidines into diverse nitrogen heteroaromatics via four-atom synthons.

Scaffold hopping is a key strategy in drug discovery. While one-to-one scaffold hopping strategies are thriving and evolving, one-to-multiple strategies remain challenging to design. We present here a distinct scaffold hopping strategy for the skeletal editing of pyrimidines into a wide range of heteroarenes through the addition of nucleophiles, ring-opening, fragmentation, and ring-closing (ANROFRC) processes.

Dual-expression (primitive enterocyte phenotype and neuroendocrine differentiation) gastric adenocarcinoma: the unique high-aggressive subtype.

Gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) is a highly heterogeneous malignant tumor with varying biological behaviors and prognosis. Clinically, we observed some GA exhibiting dual expressions of both primitive enterocyte phenotype (PEP) and euroendocrine differentiation (NED). However, clinicopathological features of this subtype (DEGA) remain unclear.

Problematic internet use and aggression in Chinese middle school students: mediation effect of reality social connectedness.

Introduction: Problematic internet use (PIU) has become a prevalent concern worldwide and is associated with increased aggression. However, the underlying effect of PIU on aggression remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential influence of reality social connectedness (RSC) on the relationship between PIU and aggression.

Characterization and Modification of a Novel, Highly Soluble Flavonoid 3'-OH Glycosyltransferase from and Its Application in the Efficient Biosynthesis of flavonoid-3'-glucoside.

Luteolin-3'-glucoside, a rare glycosylated form of luteolin, exhibits diverse biological activities. However, its natural abundance in plants is extremely low, which hampers its application potential in the food and medical fields. Biological transformation is an effective way, but the scarcity of glycosyltransferases capable of catalyzing flavonoid 3'-OH poses a challenge to the biotransformation of this functional group.

Association between sensory impairment and cardiometabolic multimorbidity among older Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Background: Sensory impairments and cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) are prevalent age-related conditions that significantly impact the health of older adults. Understanding whether sensory impairments are risk factors for CMM is crucial for developing effective intervention strategies and public health policies. This study aimed to investigate the associations between sensory impairments and CMM among older Chinese adults.

Designing multi-metal-site nanosheet catalysts for CO photoreduction to ethylene.

Catalysts featuring multiple active sites hold significant potential for CO photoconversion to multi-carbon products. However, multi-metal-site catalysts typically face challenges with low yields and selectivity for ethylene production, with a lack of definitive design guidelines. Here we show that Bader charge can serve as a critical descriptor for delineating the structure-activity relationship of kesterite-like nanosheets in the reduction of CO to ethylene.

Gold-embedded yolk-shell mesoporous organosilica nanocomposite for microwave-enhanced targeted chemotherapy and immune modulation in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Microwave ablation (MWA), an innovative therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), faces challenges of limited thermal effects and a tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. Addressing these, we developed an advanced Au@PMO@DOX-Lac nanocomposite, aimed at enhancing the microwave thermal effect, while simultaneously facilitating targeted chemotherapy and immunomodulation. This nanocomposite, incorporating gold-embedded yolk-shell mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles, amplifies microwave thermal effects from two aspects: molecular hotspots created at the gold-silica interface and the confinement effect within its hollow nanostructure.

Maintaining long-term frequent tea consumption could reduce the risk of cognitive decline: results from a 10-year longitudinal study.

Background: Previous studies have suggested that tea may have neuroprotective effect. This study aimed to investigate the association between tea consumption frequency and cognitive decline, taking into account changes in consumption habits and selection bias.

Methods: This study used data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) in 2008, 2011, 2014, and 2018 years.

Advancements and prospects of near-infrared-light driven CO reduction reaction.

In the realm of photoconversion of CO into high-value chemicals, the importance of near-infrared (NIR) light is gradually gaining recognition. Relative to ultraviolet (UV) and visible light, NIR light (700-2500 nm), accounting for 50% of solar energy, offers unique advantages such as deeper penetration depth and stronger photothermal effects. Thus, utilizing NIR light can not only compensate for the inherent limitations of UV/visible light-based CO reduction systems, but also maximize the use of solar energy.

Comprehensive Profiling of Chemical Constituents and Metabolites of the Angelica sinensis-Sophora flavescens Herbal Pair in Plasma and Urine via UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS Coupled With Multi-Platform Data Integration.

The traditional Chinese Danggui-Kushen herbal pair (DKHP) has garnered widespread attention in the treatment of myocardial ischemia. However, the intricate nature of traditional Chinese medicine components and the ambiguity in their constituent analyses have considerably impeded further clinical advancements. Therefore, it is crucial to clarify the principal constituents of DKHP and its metabolic byproducts in the body.

Relationship between loneliness and frailty among Chinese community-dwelling older adults: a serial mediation model.

Objectives: This study aims to build a serial mediation model by integrating key factors from the existing literature with the cognitive appraisal theory of stress to explore how loneliness could influence frailty.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. In Hubei Province, China, 600 adults (age ≥ 60 years old) were recruited from July 1 to December 31, 2023.

Association of Increased Epstein-Barr Virus Reactivation With Imbalanced Immunity and Myenteric Neuron Loss in Achalasia.

Background And Aim: Viral infection has been postulated as a potential etiology of achalasia, yet the definitive role of viral involvement remains elusive. This study aims to elucidate virus infections and to analyze their relationships with clinical characteristics, immunological alterations, and neuron loss.

Methods: We investigated viral infections in achalasia patients (n = 288) and controls (n = 71).

Deep Reconstruction of RuPdO Hollow Nanofibers for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrazine Oxidation-Assisted Hydrogen Production.

Manipulating the reconstruction of a heterostructured material is highly desirable to achieve high-performance electrocatalytic performance. Here, an in situ reconstruction of RuPdO hollow nanofibers (HNFs) is presented to generate RuO/Pd from both the electrochemical and chemical reconstruction processes. The reconstructed catalyst is highly efficient for both hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at industrial-grade current densities, significantly outperforming the benchmark Pt/C catalyst.

C3-Formylation of Pyridines via Streptocyanine Intermediates.

Herein we develop a one-pot, multistep strategy for -selective C-H formylation of pyridines via streptocyanine intermediates. By combining aromatic nucleophilic addition, ring-opening, formylation, and ring-closing, nicotinaldehyde derivatives were efficiently synthesized. This method overcomes the limitations of traditional Vilsmeier-Haack reactions, offering a mild and versatile approach for functionalizing electron-deficient pyridines.

Bacterial extracellular vesicles for gut microbiome-host communication and drug development.

As the intricate interplay between microbiota and the host garners increasing research attention, a significant parallel surge has emerged in the investigation of intestinal bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs). Most intestinal bacteria secrete BEVs, which harbor specific cargo molecules and exhibit diverse functions, encompassing interactions among bacteria themselves and between bacteria and the host. These interactions can either bolster host health or contribute to various pathologies.

Soluble and pocket engineering of D-amino acid oxidase and its application in the biotransformation of L-glufosinate.

L-glufosinate (L-PPT) is a chiral herbicide with high herbicidal activity, environmental friendliness and significant market potential. The kinetic resolution of commercially available DL-PPT into optically pure L-PPT through four-enzyme one-pot biocatalysis presents a promising approach. D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) catalyzes the conversion of D-PPT to 2-oxo-4-[(hydroxy)(methyl)phosphinyl] butyric acid (PPO), playing a critical role in the synthesis of L-PPT.

Ultra-Durable Photoreduction of Atmospheric CO into Exclusive CO over CuTe Nanorods with Tellurium Vacancies.

The impact of defects on carbon dioxide (CO) photoreduction is not always well understood and can be inconsistent at times due to the absence of a clear model. Herein, the clear structure-property relationship between tellurium defects and CO photoreduction property is clearly disclosed. As a prototype, an ideal model of CuTe nanorods with tunable defect concentrations is built, in which the defect type and distribution are verified by electron paramagnetic resonance spectra.