Thermal decomposition mechanism of melamine via ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulation.

Context: Melamine, widely employed as a high-efficiency flame retardant, exhibits an intricate high-temperature degradation mechanism that remains poorly understood. Comprehensive insight into its pyrolysis behavior is critical for advancing flame-retardant material design. This study employs ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulations to investigate melamine's thermal decomposition, elucidating initial reaction pathways, intermediate species formation, and final product distribution.

Manipulated photocatalytic air-concentration CO into CHOH by dual hetero-metal atom pair sites.

Carbon dioxide (CO) reduction encompasses intricate protonation steps, frequently leading to unpredictable products. To achieve target product selectivity, it is essential to strategically manipulate the reaction pathway. Herein, we build Cu-Ag dual hetero-metal atom pair sites for photoreduction of 0.

Acute kidney injury after myocardial infarction: prognostic implications via dual robust methods.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) notably affects patient outcomes. The impact of KDIGO AKI staging on post-discharge short- and long-term outcomes, particularly early-stage AKI, is not well understood. This study evaluates the prognostic implications of various KDIGO stages in AMI patients.

Salt-assisted growth of rhombohedral 3R-MoS single-crystal with enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction performance.

Compared to hexagonal 2H-MoS, rhombohedral 3R-MoS exhibits noncentrosymmetric atomic structures and enhanced current density and carrier mobility. Rhombohedral 3R-MoS is considered to possess outstanding electrocatalytic properties comparable to those of 1 T-MoS. However, the preparation of 3R-MoS has been rarely reported owing to its metastable nature and high formation energy.

Evaluation of the total antioxidant capacity of Anchusa italica retz using carbon fiber microelectrode modified by Au-Ag alloy urchin-like nanostructures.

Anchusa italica Retz, a plant rich in bioactive compounds, has garnered considerable attention for its antioxidant properties and associated health benefits. However, the traditional methods for assessing antioxidant capacity often suffer from limited sensitivity and operational complexity. To overcome these challenges, gold-silver alloy urchin-like nanostructures (AAA-UNs) were synthesized using an ascorbic acid reduction method and electrodeposited onto a carbon fiber microelectrode (CFME) to form a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor (AAA-UNs/CFME).

Research on Boundary Displacement of Probe Trajectory Considering Deviations in Five-Axis Sweep Scanning Measurement.

Five-axis sweep scanning measurement technology, as a novel contact measurement technology, offers excellent reachability and high measurement efficiency for complex parts. However, deviations between the measurement instructions based on the model and the workpiece exist, leading to mismatches between the intended and actual sweep scanning areas, which manifest as displacements of the scanning boundaries and subsequently impact the acquisition of sampling points. When these sampling points are utilized to evaluate the machining quality of workpieces, the accuracy and reliability of the assessment results are compromised.

Cardiovascular health score and its association with postoperative delirium: evidence from the Kailuan study.

Background: Identifying modifiable risk factors for postoperative delirium (POD) is essential for prevention and management. The Ideal Cardiovascular Health Score (CHS), a composite measure of cardiovascular health, has been shown to reduce the risk of various chronic diseases. However, its association with POD has not been extensively explored.

[Analysis of Risk Factors for Mortality of Children with Severe Aplastic Anemia after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation].

Objective: To analyze the factors associated with mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in children with severe aplastic anemia (SAA).

Methods: The clinical data of 90 children with SAA who received allo-HSCT in the Department of Hematology, Wuhan Children's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from August 2016 to July 2023 were collected. The clinical features and causes of death were analyzed retrospectively.

[Prognostic significance of molecular minimal residual disease before and after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with acute myeloid leukemia].

Objectives: To investigate the prognostic value of molecular minimal residual disease (Mol-MRD) monitored before and after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Methods: Clinical data of 71 pediatric AML patients who underwent HSCT between August 2016 and December 2023 were analyzed. Mol-MRD levels were dynamically monitored in MRD-positive patients, and survival outcomes were evaluated.

The roles of feedback loops in the Caenorhabditis elegans rhythmic forward locomotion.

Rhythmic behaviors are essential in biological systems, particularly in animal locomotion. The central pattern generator and sensory feedback loop mechanism have been instrumental in explaining many rhythmic locomotion patterns, however, it is insufficient to account for the tunability and robustness of frequency and amplitude in certain oscillatory movements. This suggests the involvement of additional, less understood circuit mechanisms.

Scalable Bottom-Up Synthesis of High-Purity 1T-MoS Assisted by NaSO Template.

MoS is a promising layered material for energy storage fields owing to its phase-dependent physicochemical properties. However, the scalable synthesis of 1T-MoS is challenging due to the inherently high generation energy. Inspired by alkali-metal-induced phase transitions of 2H-MoS₂, we developed a sodium-mediated synthesis strategy using NaSO as the phase transition inducer, growth template and S source for the bottom-up synthesis of 1T-MoS.

Site-specific labeling uncovers differences in levels and distribution of B-cell receptors of different isotypes on primary B cells.

Expression of the BCR is essential for survival, development, and effector functions of B cells. Naive B cells express surface IgM and IgD, while surface IgG1 is expressed by class-switched (memory) B cells. Despite similar overall structures, the different BCR isotypes show differences in distribution and expression levels.

Temporal trends of particulate matter pollution and its health burden, 1990-2021, with projections to 2036: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021.

Background: Particulate matter pollution (PM2.5) is a leading global health risk factor. We analyzed the spatiotemporal trends of diseases attributable to PM2.

Quantitative and Aesthetic Analysis of Changes of the Distance Between the Eyebrows and the Eyes after "Width Reduced to Narrow" Double Eyelid Repair Surgery.

Background: Some patients will experience a change in the distance between the eyebrows and the eyes after "width reduced to narrow" double eyelid repair surgery. The objective of this study was to provide a quantitative analysis of the change in the distance between the eyebrows and the eyes of Asian women after "width reduced to narrow" double eyelid repair surgery.

Methods: Seventy-three patients who received "width reduced to narrow" double eyelid repair surgery from August 2021 to May 2024 were included for measurement and analysis of photographs taken preoperatively and postoperatively (more than 6 months after the surgical operation), and the perpendicular distance between the eyebrow down and the horizontal line of the pupil midpoint in the vertical line of the midpoint of the cornea (PTW) and margin reflex distance 1 (MRD1) were measured to analyze the change in the distance between the eyebrow and the eye before and after the surgery.

Identification of key feature variables and prediction of harmful algal blooms in a water diversion lake based on interpretable machine learning.

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) as an increasing environmental problem in lakes, and water diversion has become a common and effective strategy for mitigating HABs. Early and accurate identification of the occurrence of HABs in lakes is essential for scientific guidance of water diversion. Furthermore, the inevitable changes of hydrodynamic and water environment in the receiving area during water diversion make it more challenging to identify the important environmental features of HABs.

Causal association of allergic diseases, eosinophils, and osteoporosis: A Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The association between allergic diseases and osteoporosis remains controversial. We hypothesize that this discrepancy may be due to a mediator that plays a role in the pathogenesis of both allergic diseases and osteoporosis. To test this hypothesis, we used Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the relationships among allergic diseases, eosinophils, and osteoporosis.

Transformative effects of fluorescence imaging technologies on current vascular surgical practices: An updated review.

Fluorescence imaging technologies have revolutionized vascular surgery by enabling real-time visualization of vascular anatomy, blood circulation, and tissue perfusion, thus improving intraoperative decision-making. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of key fluorescence modalities, including Fluorescence-Guided Surgery (FGS), Near-Infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging, and Indocyanine Green (ICG) angiography, highlighting their roles in optimizing tissue perfusion assessment, vessel patency evaluation, and identifying anatomical variations. Unlike existing literature, this review addresses critical gaps in current practices by comparing these technologies and exploring their applications across a range of vascular procedures such as peripheral vascular surgery, coronary artery bypass grafting, and oncological operations.

Prognostic analysis of sepsis-induced myocardial injury patients using propensity score matching and doubly robust analysis with machine learning-based risk prediction model development.

Background: Sepsis-induced myocardial injury (SIMI) is a severe and common complication of sepsis; However, its definition remains unclear. Prognostic analyses may vary depending on the definition applied. Early prediction of SIMI is crucial for timely intervention, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

[Relationships between Molecular Genetics and Clinical Features of Children with Acute Myeloid Leukemia].

Objective: To analyze the molecular genetic spectrum of children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and explore its correlation with clinical characteristics and prognosis.

Methods: The clinical and molecular genetic data of 116 children with newly diagnosed AML in Wuhan Children's Hospital from September 2015 to August 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the correlation of gene mutations with clinical features, and Kaplan-Meier curve was used to analyze the influences of gene mutations on the prognosis.

Preparation and Performance of Caster Oil Polyurethane Marine Antifouling Coatings with Acrylamide Quaternary Ammonium Salts as Antimicrobial Agents.

The surfaces of underwater ship hulls and aquaculture equipment, such as fish cages, are highly susceptible to damage from fouling organisms. Although traditional marine antifouling coatings exhibit effective antifouling properties, the leaching of antifouling agents into the marine environment can lead to pollution and ecological disruption. In this study, we prepared castor oil polyurethane (CO-PU) by reacting castor oil with isocyanate.

Applied theory of planned behavior to explore associated factor of physical activity level among Chinese childhood cancer survivors.

Objective: Low physical activity (PA) levels are common among childhood cancer survivors (CCS) and have a serious negative impact on their physical recovery and long-term health. This study aimed to explore the factors that contribute to low levels of PA from the perspective of children themselves and how these factors affect their PA.

Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, CCS were recruited by purposive sampling from several children's medical centers nationwide.

Exploring the fate of 6PPD in zebrafish (Danio rerio): Understanding toxicokinetics, biotransformation mechanisms, and metabolomic profiling at environmentally relevant levels.

In recent years, N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) has attracted significant attention in environmental science, yet its behavior in biological systems remains poorly understood. This study involved a 28-day zebrafish exposure experiment at three concentrations (2, 20, and 200 μg/L), to investigate its physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) properties, the formation of biotransformation products, and the metabolic characteristics of liver tissue. The results indicated that the liver and intestines are key organs for 6PPD accumulation, with tissue-specific distribution patterns.