High-strength and water resistance polyvinyl alcohol fibers modified with lignin nanoparticles and boron nitride nanosheets@hyperbranched polylysine.

Development on sustainable and inexpensive polymer fibers with high mechanical and water resistance properties has garnered significant attention in infrastructure application. Herein, lignin nanoparticles (LNP) were used as a modifier, boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS)@hyperbranched polylysine (HBPL) obtained were regarded as the cooperative modifier, and then polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/LNP/BNNS@HBPL composite fibers were fabricated successfully by wet and dry spinning. Vast free hydrophilic hydroxyl groups in PVA decreased due to hydrogen bonding interactions among LNP, BNNS@HBPL, and PVA, thereby attenuating intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonding within PVA.

Oxygen vacancy-enhanced microwave catalysis of Zn-Fe spinel for implant-related infections.

Implant-related infections (IRIs) pose a major challenge in orthopedic applications due to the persistence of biofilms, which are highly resistant to conventional antibiotics. This study introduces oxygen vacancy-engineered Zn-Fe spinel nanoparticles as microwave-responsive antibacterial agents. The oxygen vacancies in the spinel structure enhance reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation under microwave irradiation, providing a dual-mode antibacterial mechanism of thermal and oxidative stress.

SPL and THD improvement of a cantilever-diaphragm piezoelectric MEMS loudspeaker with Double-S actuators.

Piezoelectric MEMS loudspeakers based on cantilever diaphragms have demonstrated promising electroacoustic efficiency and low-frequency sound pressure level (SPL). However, their total harmonic distortion (THD) significantly increases near the first resonant frequency, and high-frequency SPL (above 10 kHz) rapidly decreases due to the resonance frequency and bandwidth limitations, severely affecting sound quality. This work presents a piezoelectric MEMS loudspeaker featuring a 2.

The efficacy and safety of remimazolam for the management of emergence agitation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Introduction: Emergence agitation (EA) is a common postoperative complication characterized by confusion, disorientation, and restless behavior that can lead to self-harm, the removal of medical devices, and other adverse events. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of a novel benzodiazepine, remimazolam, in the management of EA.

Methods: A total of 219 adults experienced EA (Riker Sedation-Agitation Scale SAS score ≥5) after otolaryngological surgery were randomly assigned (1:1:1 ratio) to receive one of the following three treatments: 2.

Exposure to diethyl phthalates impairs ovarian reserve and oocyte maturation in female mice.

Diethyl phthalates (DEP) are commonly used as a plasticizer and have been found to cause male reproductive defects and metabolic disease in mammals as a potential environmental endocrine disruptor. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of DEP exposure on female follicle development and oocyte maturation were still unclear. In this study, we found that mice exposed to DEP had significantly reduced primordial follicles.

Scalable microfabrication of monolithic integrated microbatteries with ultra-high voltage output and excellent customizability.

The burgeoning Internet of Things demands highly customizable microbatteries (MBs) to power miniaturized electronics, yet challenges exist in fabricating ultra-small MBs and integrating customizable modules within confined areas. Herein, we report a novel photolithographic microfabrication strategy enabling the large-scale production of monolithic integrated ultra-small MBs. The approach utilizes photoresist grooves as micropattern templates and employs a non-destructive mechanical peeling process to fabricate precise MBs with a compact area of 2.

Comparison of follitropin-α and follitropin-δ in expected poor responders: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Different gonadotropins (Gn) have been developed to stimulate the ovaries as part of in-vitro fertilization (IVF). Studies comparing these formulations in poor responders are limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes comparing follitropin-δ to follitropin-α in expected poor responders.

AI-integrated IQPD framework of quality prediction and diagnostics in small-sample multi-unit pharmaceutical manufacturing: Advancing from experience-driven to data-driven manufacturing.

The pharmaceutical industry faces challenges in quality digitization for complex multi-stage processes, especially in small-sample systems. Here, an intelligent quality prediction and diagnostic (IQPD) framework was developed and applied to Tong Ren Tang's Niuhuang Qingxin Pills, utilizing four years of data collected from four production units, covering the entire process from raw materials to finished products. In this framework, a novel path-enhanced double ensemble quality prediction model (PeDGAT) is proposed, which combines a graph attention network and path information to encode inter-unit long-range and sequential dependencies.

Generation of More Potent Components at Higher Temperatures Offsets Toxicity Reduction despite Reduced Mass Emissions during Biomass Burning.

Biomass burning organic aerosols (BBOAs) represent a major global health hazard. Their toxicity varies significantly due to the diversity of combustion conditions, which shape mixtures of components with differing toxic potency. We quantified component-specific contributions to intracellular reactive oxygen species generation in human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to BBOAs produced under controlled combustion conditions.

BACE2-Induced Aberrant Lymphatic Network Aggravates the Local Inflammation in Arteriovenous Fistulas With Hyperphosphatemia.

As a widely used vascular access for hemodialysis patients, arteriovenous fistula (AVF) still faces high failure rates, in which local inflammatory response is an essential factor. In animal studies, chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been reported to aggravate local inflammation in AVFs, but the mechanisms are controversial. Here, spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing are used to explore the cellular changes during AVF remodeling in human and mouse.

Deep Learning Enabled Optimization and Mass Transfer Mechanism in Ultrasound-Assisted Enzymatic Extraction of Polyphenols from Tartary Buckwheat Hulls.

Tartary buckwheat hulls, a phenolic-rich by-product of buckwheat processing, offer great potential for resource utilization. In this study, ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction with two temperatures (40 °C and 50 °C) was employed to obtain phenolics from Tartary buckwheat hulls. Compared with the traditional extraction method (207 mg/100 g), ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction increased the total phenolic yield by 91.

The accuracy and real resolution of karyotyping technique in detecting chromosomal aberrations identified by molecular genetic methods.

Although karyotyping technology has been implemented in genetic diagnosis for a long time, the comprehensive understanding of this technology is still limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy and resolution of karyotyping method in detecting chromosomal abnormalities by molecular genetic method. In this study, we conducted a retrospective analysis of embryonic molecular karyotypes and peripheral blood cytogenetic karyotypes from patients with balanced chromosomal rearrangements undergoing preimplantation genetic testing at our reproductive center.

Greater Efficacy of Cidofovir Than of Foscarnet for the Treatment of Acyclovir-Resistant Herpes Simplex Virus Infection After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is a common problem in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Severe HSV infections can cause pneumonia, encephalitis, meningitis and other lesions, thus requiring caution. Acyclovir is the drug of choice for the prevention of HSV infection.

Suppresses CD8 T Cell Effector Function and Intestinal Inflammation.

The role of CD8 T cells in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear. Similarly, the posttranscriptional regulation of the highly heterogenic CD8 T cell populations and their effector function in IBD also remains poorly understood. Here, we find that and ) regulate T cell fate, and their expression is higher near damaged colon tissue in patients with IBD compared to controls.

Intelligent Head and Neck CTA Report Quality Detection with Large Language Models.

This study aims to identify common errors in head and neck CTA reports using GPT-4, ERNIE Bot, and SparkDesk, evaluating their potential for supporting quality control in Chinese radiological reports. This study collected 10,000 head and neck CTA imaging reports from Xuanwu Hospital (Dataset 1) and 5000 multi-center reports (Dataset 2). We identified six common types of errors and detected them using three large language models: GPT-4, ERNIE Bot, and SparkDesk.

Genomewide analysis of the Class III peroxidase gene family in apple ().

Class III peroxidases (PRXs) play a crucial role in maintaining reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, thereby influencing plant growth, development, and defense responses. To date, the roles of PRXs in apple branch development and the control of rootstock growth vigor remain poorly understood. This research aimed to exhaustively annotate and analyze the Class III PRX family in the apple genome.

Red-light-triggered microenvironment-responsive sustained carbon monoxide release for enhanced tumor therapy.

Carbon monoxide (CO), a gasotransmitter, has gained attention as a potential therapeutic agent in cancer treatment. The precise and sustained release of CO is crucial for minimizing its toxicity and enhancing its therapeutic efficacy. We have developed a light-gated, microenvironment-responsive CO release platform for precise and sustained CO delivery.

Interface and Bulk Phase Engineering in Water-in-Oil High Internal Phase Emulsion: A Clean-Label Strategy for Stabilization and Application.

The integration of water into food systems as water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) offers a promising approach to reduce fat content and facilitate bioactive delivery. However, their thermodynamic instability, driven by extensive interfacial areas and mobile water phases, poses significant formulation challenges. It is significant to develop clean-label stabilizers to replace synthetic surfactants to stabilize W/O HIPEs.

A Lipopolysaccharide Lipid A Acyltransferase Gene Is Involved in Soybean Rhizobial Intracellular Colonization and Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation.

Three major components of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rhizobia, namely core polysaccharide, o-antigen, and lipid A, act as microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) to participate in the symbiosis between rhizobia and legume. Rhizobia have a different lipid A structure from other Gram-negative bacteria. The 3-hydroxy group on the 2' or 3' myristate acyl chain of its lipid A is substituted by a unique very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA).

Pathogenesis, Diagnosis Method, and Current Nutritional Support Strategy for Sarcopenia.

Sarcopenia is a specific disease that commonly occurs in the elderly and patients with consumptive diseases. Sarcopenia can cause a severe decline in strength and movement, and even lead to prolonged bed rest. Nutritional support is an emerging approach to mitigate sarcopenia and is currently the gold standard for clinical management of sarcopenia.

Anti-PD-1 antibody (SCT-I10A) plus anti-EGFR antibody (SCT200) in patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A multicenter, open-label, phase 1b clinical trial.

Background: This trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of anti-programmed cell death 1 antibody (SCT-I10A) and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody (SCT200) in patients with previously treated advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) (trial registration number: NCT04229537).

Methods: This multicenter, open-label, phase 1b clinical trial enrolled patients with advanced ESCC refractory or intolerant to standard chemotherapy. Patients who had not received prior treatment with programmed death-(ligand)1 (PD-(L)1) immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) or anti-EGFR antibodies comprised cohort 1A, and those who had previously failed treatment with PD-(L)1 ICIs or anti-EGFR antibodies comprised cohort 1B.

Mendelian randomization analysis of lipids traits and lipid-lowering drug-targets in relation to cognitive status.

Background: Cognitive impairment is increasingly prevalent among older adults, posing a major public health challenge. While lipid-lowering medications are widely used to manage dyslipidemia in this population, the causal relationship between lipid levels and cognitive function remains unclear. This study investigates genetically- predicted lipid traits, lipid-lowering drug-targets, and their associations with cognitive status.

Impact of COVID-19 on live birth and perinatal outcomes following subsequent frozen-thawed embryo transfer.

Purpose: To evaluate whether prior SARS-CoV-2 infection adversely affects live birth and perinatal outcomes following subsequent frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) and to further investigate whether the time interval between infection and embryo transfer influences pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, women who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 before FET were designated as the infected group (n = 1081), while asymptomatic and test-negative women were included as controls (n = 865). The infected group was further subdivided into four subgroups according to the time interval from infection to FET: ≤ 30, 31-60, 61-90, and ≥ 91 days.

Integrating peritumor and tumor CT radiomics features in predicting local control after SBRT in patients with pulmonary oligometastases.

Purpose: Local control prediction for patients with pulmonary oligometastases underwent stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is crucial for optimizing therapeutic strategies. This study aims to develop and validate a predictive radiomics model integrating both tumor-intrinsic and peritumoral features along with clinical factors to enhance local control prediction using a multi-center dataset.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed 223 tumors from 146 patients, which was divided into a training set (n = 165) and an external validation set (n = 58).