Targeted Inhibition of NOTCH2 and Importin-β Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Osteosarcoma Cells.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common malignant bone tumor, frequently associated with impaired osteogenic differentiation of tumor cells. Recent studies have suggested that the NOTCH signaling pathway plays a crucial role in maintaining tumor cell stemness and may influence their differentiation status. This study investigates the role of NOTCH2, a key receptor in the NOTCH family, in regulating osteogenic differentiation in OS.

Comparative cardiovascular outcomes and safety of hypoglycemic drug classes in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension: a multicenter cohort analysis.

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension are at increased risk of adverse cardiovascular (CV) events. However, real-world evidence comparing the CV effectiveness and safety of major hypoglycemic drug classes remains limited in this population. This multicenter pooled analysis aims to directly compare the CV outcomes and safety profiles of these key agents in patients with T2D and hypertension.

A highly sensitive dual-signal detection of oxytetracycline via catalyzed hairpin assembly-mediated G-quadruplex formation coupled with CsPbBr@SiO nanocomposites.

As a broad-spectrum antibiotic, excessive use of oxytetracycline (OTC) could raise significant concerns to both human health and ecological environment. Cesium lead bromide perovskite nanocrystals (CsPbBr NCs), known for their luminescent properties, are an effective candidate for chemical sensing. Nevertheless, their limited stability restricts their application in polar solvents.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance soil nutrient cycling by regulating soil bacterial community structures in mango orchards with different soil fertility rates.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) substantially enhance soil fertility and are widely recognized as one of the most extensively researched biological inoculants. However, the effects of AMF on soil nutrient availability in mango orchards, along with the physiological processes regulating this availability under varying soil fertility conditions, remain poorly understood. To address this research gap, experiments were conducted with two soil types (soil from mango orchards co-cultivated with butterfly pea plants for 5 years) and a control (no butterfly pea plants) and two mycorrhizal inoculations (+AMF and -AMF).

Martensitic Transformation Mechanism In Situ Observation for the Simulated Coarse-Grained Heat-Affected Zone of DP1180 Steel.

The martensitic transformation mechanism in the heat-affected zone of DP1180 steel plays a decisive role in the strength of welded joints. In this work, the nucleation and growth kinetics of martensite laths in the coarse grain heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) are analyzed by a high-temperature laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). The grain distribution and stress distribution of the samples after in situ observation are analyzed by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD).

Urinary Myeloid Bodies as a Biomarker for Early Diagnosis and Monitoring of Enzyme Replacement Therapy in Fabry Disease.

Introduction: The prevalence of urinary myeloid bodies in Fabry disease patients and their correlation with renal involvement remains unclear.

Methods: This single-center, retrospective study included 25 patients with Fabry disease and 27 controls. We analyzed 24-h urine samples for the presence of urinary myeloid bodies and evaluated clinical data, including serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), 24-h urinary protein levels, α-Gal A, and Lyso-GL-3.

Generating risky and realistic scenarios for autonomous vehicle tests involving powered two-wheelers: A novel reinforcement learning framework.

Emerging technologies have the potential to revolutionize transportation, with Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) enhancing traffic safety, improving efficiency, and reducing emissions by optimizing driving patterns and minimizing idling time. However, despite their great potential, the actual utility and functionality of AVs have yet to be fully realized. Testing remains a critical method for advancing AVs adoption, and given that Powered Two-Wheelers (PTWs) is a major contributor to crashes, this paper proposes a novel scenario generation method for PTWs interactions with AVs.

A gain-of-function mutation in ATP6V0A4 drives primary distal renal tubular alkalosis with enhanced V-ATPase activity.

The ATP6V0A4 gene encodes the a4 subunit of vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), which mediates hydrogen ion transport across the membrane. Previous studies have suggested that mutations in ATP6V0A4 consistently result in a loss of function, impairing the hydrogen ion transport efficacy of V-ATPase and leading to distal renal tubular acidosis and sensorineural hearing loss. Here, we identified a 32-year-old male patient and his father, both of whom harbored a heterozygous ATP6V0A4 p.

Development of a novel foam-templated oleogel based on xanthan gum-modified Torreya grandis nut protein.

The growing consumer demand for healthier food products with reduced levels of saturated and trans fats has driven significant interest in the development of oleogels as solid fat alternatives. In this study, a novel foam-templated oleogel was fabricated using Torreya grandis nut protein (TGNP) as a foamer. The results showed that a 9 % TGNP concentration provided the highest foaming capacity (270 %).

Greatly enhanced ultrafast optical absorption nonlinearities of pyridyl perovskite nanocrystals axially modified by star-shaped porphyrins.

The long-chain ligands and weak charge-transport capacity of perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) always hinder their optoelectronic applications. Our study proposes an effective strategy to unlock the optimized nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of perovskite aromatic ligand-exchange plus porphyrin-axial-coordination. The synthesized porphyrin-pyridine dual-modified CsPbBr-NC hybrid material, fabricated using 4-(aminomethyl)pyridine (PyMA) and a novel star-shaped zinc-porphyrin trisubstituted triazacoronene compound (ZnPr), exhibits excellent NLO absorption performance under femtosecond (fs) laser irradiation in the visible to near-infrared range.

Development and Validation of a Nomogram-Based Model to Predict Primary Hypertension Within the Next Year in Children and Adolescents: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Primary hypertension (PH) poses significant risks to children and adolescents. Few prediction models for the risk of PH in children and adolescents currently exist, posing a challenge for doctors in making informed clinical decisions.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors of PH in Chinese children and adolescents.

Effect of 0.01% atropine eye drops combined with different optical treatments to control low myopia in Chinese children.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of 0.01% atropine (AT) in combination with different optical treatments for controlling myopia in Chinese children.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 341 Chinese children aged 6-11 years with myopia between -0.

High-risk powered two-wheelers scenarios generation for autonomous vehicle testing using WGAN.

Objective: Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have the potential to revolutionize the future of mobility by significantly improving traffic safety. This study presents a novel method for validating the safety performance of AVs in high-risk scenarios involving powered 2-wheelers (PTWs). By generating high-risk scenarios using in-depth crash data, this study is devoted to addressing the challenge of public road scenarios in testing, which often lack the necessary complexity and risk to effectively evaluate the capabilities of AVs in high-risk situations.

Bulk and single-cell RNA-seq analyses reveal canonical RNA editing associated with microglia homeostasis and its role in sepsis-associated encephalopathy.

Previous studies have demonstrated the roles of both microglia homeostasis and RNA editing in sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), yet their relationship remains to be elucidated. In this study, we analyzed bulk and single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA) datasets containing 107 brain tissue and microglia samples from mice with microglial depletion and repopulation to explore canonical RNA editing associated with microglia homeostasis and evaluate its role in SAE. Analysis of mouse brain RNA-Seq revealed hallmarks of microglial repopulation, including peak expressions of Apobec1 and Apobec3 at Day 5 of repopulation and dramatically altered B2m RNA editing.

Dynamic A-to-I RNA editing during acute neuroinflammation in sepsis-associated encephalopathy.

Introduction: The activation of cerebral endothelial cells (CECs) has recently been reported to be the earliest acute neuroinflammation event in the CNS during sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Importantly, adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing mediated by ADARs has been associated with SAE, yet its role in acute neuroinflammation in SAE remains unclear.

Methods: Our current study systematically analyzed A-to-I RNA editing in cerebral vessels, cerebral endothelial cells (CECs), and microglia sampled during acute neuroinflammation after treatment in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced SAE mouse model.

Hippocampal adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing in sepsis: dynamic changes and influencing factors.

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy is a diffuse brain dysfunction secondary to infection. It has been established that factors such as age and sex can significantly contribute to the development of sepsis-associated encephalopathy. Our recent study implicated a possible link between adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing and sepsis-associated encephalopathy, yet the dynamics of adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing during sepsis-associated encephalopathy and how it could be influenced by factors such as age, sex and antidepressants remain uninvestigated.

An integrated approach to analyze equitable access to food stores under disasters from human mobility patterns.

Limited access to food stores is often linked to higher health risks and lower community resilience. Socially vulnerable populations experience persistent disparities in equitable food store access. However, little research has been done to examine how people's access to food stores is affected by natural disasters.

Multiomics of parkinsonism cynomolgus monkeys highlights significance of metabolites in interaction between host and microbiota.

The gut microbiota has been demonstrated to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, conflicting findings regarding specific microbial species have been reported, possibly due to confounding factors within human populations. Herein, our current study investigated the interaction between the gut microbiota and host in a non-human primate (NHP) PD model induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) using a multi-omic approach and a self-controlled design.

Modeling defensive resource allocation in multilayered systems under probabilistic and strategic risks.

Confronting the continuing risk of an attack, security systems have adopted target-hardening strategies through the allocation of security measures. Most previous work on defensive resource allocation considers the security system as a monolithic architecture. However, systems such as schools are typically characterized by multiple layers, where each layer is interconnected to help prevent single points of failure.

F11R RNA trinucleotide over-edited by ADAR in gastric and colorectal cancers: Cross-cohort validation, gene expression regulation, and diagnostic significance.

The F11 receptor (F11R) gene encoding junctional adhesion molecule A has been associated with gastric cancer (GC) and colorectal cancer (CRC), in which its role and regulation remain to be further elucidated. Recently F11R was also identified as a potential target of adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) mediated by the adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs). Herein, using RNA-Seq and experimental validation, our current study revealed an F11R RNA trinucleotide over-edited by ADAR, with its regulation of gene expression and clinical significance in four GC and three CRC cohorts.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes associated with culture-negative status in limb osteomyelitis patients.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes associated with culture-negative limb osteomyelitis patients.

Methods: A total of 1,047 limb osteomyelitis patients aged 18 years or older who underwent debridement and intraoperative culture at our clinic centre from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2020 were included. Patient characteristics, infection eradication, and complications were analyzed between culture-negative and culture-positive cohorts.

Automatic detection of the third molar and mandibular canal on panoramic radiographs based on deep learning.

Purpose: This study aims to develop a deep learning framework for the automatic detection of the position relationship between the mandibular third molar (M3) and the mandibular canal (MC) on panoramic radiographs (PRs), to assist doctors in assessing and planning appropriate surgical interventions.

Methods: Datasets D1 and D2 were obtained by collecting 253 PRs from a hospitals and 197 PRs from online platforms. The RPIFormer model proposed in this study was trained and validated on D1 to create a segmentation model.

Whether weekend warriors (WWs) achieve equivalent benefits in lipid accumulation products (LAP) reduction as other leisure-time physical activity patterns? -Results from a population-based analysis of NHANES 2007-2018.

Background: Obesity is characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the body. Physical activity (PA) is an effective intervention to combat obesity, but the effectiveness of different PA patterns on controlling obesity is unclear. Lipid accumulation product (LAP), derived from waist circumference and triglycerides, is a novel indicator for obesity evaluation.