Automated Pediatric Delirium Recognition via Deep Learning-Powered Video Analysis.

Delirium is an acute, fluctuating state of consciousness disturbance characterized by cognitive alterations and perceptual disturbances. Pediatric delirium has a notably higher incidence rate than adult delirium, and it is time-consuming and labor-intensive for clinicians to analyze, requiring effective recognition approaches. Deep learning has shown potential for the extraction of robust representations and improvement of patient outcomes.

Asymmetric Radical Coupling to Form β-Amino Acid Esters by Synergistic Chiral Phosphoric Acid and Photocatalysis.

β-Amino acids are essential building blocks in bioactive molecules, offering unique properties and potential in peptide and drug synthesis. Among them, β-amino acids-characterized by a contiguous quaternary and tertiary stereocenter-represent a structurally unique subclass with promising biological potential. However, their broader application has been hampered by the scarcity of general and efficient synthetic methods.

Evolutionary diversification of acyl-CoA synthetases underpins hydrophobic barrier formation across diverse tomato tissues and beyond.

The transition of plants from aquatic to terrestrial environments required effective barriers against water loss and UV damage. The plant cuticle, a hydrophobic barrier covering aerial surfaces, emerged as a critical innovation, yet how its biosynthesis is regulated in specialized structures remains poorly understood. This study identifies two long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases, SlLACS1 and SlLACS2, that exhibit both distinct and overlapping functions in cuticle formation across tomato tissues.

Unlocking Epoxide Radical Anion Reactivity for Asymmetric Cross-Coupling by Copper Metallaphotoredox.

The ability to tame radical anions that feature both an unpaired spin and a charge is critical for synthetic chemistry, enabling the construction of diverse chemical bonds via unique reaction pathways and promoting advances in the area of synthesis. In this regard, C(sp)-rich epoxide radical anions are particularly attractive but often elusive, highly reactive intermediates. Classic methods to access epoxide radical anions exploit single-electron chemistry by using dissolving alkali, sacrificial electrodes, or redox metals.

M6A Methylation Regulators METTL3 and ALKBH5 are Risk Factors for EGFR-Mutant NSCLC.

IntroductionNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for >85% of all lung cancers, is the most common solid malignant tumor, with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) treatment is widely used clinically because the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is the main driver gene of lung cancer; however, the development of drug resistance is inevitable. Epigenetic abnormalities can also lead to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance.

Who is more inclined to reduce social media addictive tendency behaviors? Explanations based on sex and proactive personality.

This study examines individual differences between the relationship between social media addiction tendencies and the intention to reduce social media use from the perspectives of sex and proactive personality. Data from 365 college students' social media users measured twice (two weeks apart) were empirically examined. The results showed that (1) social media addiction tendencies significantly and positively predicted the intention to reduce social media use; (2) the predictive effect was more significant in male students compared to female students; (3) the positive predictive influence of social media addiction tendencies on the intention to reduce social media use was significantly moderated by proactive personality, manifesting prominently in individuals possessing high levels of proactive personality, yet not in those with low levels of proactive personality.

Controllable construction of ZnSnO polyhedrons abundant in oxygen vacancies via cobalt doping and their acetone sensing performance.

Increasing attentions have been paid to the development of ZnSnO-based gas sensors for acetone detection, owing to their unique advantages of high electron mobility, low visible adsorption and excellent electrical conductivity. However, some intrinsic problems associated with low response remain to be satisfactorily resolved. Herein, cobalt (Co) doping was implemented in this work to simultaneously modulate the electronic structure and oxygen vacancy of ZnSnO, a series of ZnSnO doped with varying quantities of Co ions were harvested through a hydrothermal method.

A combination of hepatic leukemia factor and circulating tumor cells serve as effective biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma prognosis.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a highly malignant tumor with the highest mortality rate among all cancers. Early diagnosis and prognosis are important factors in treatment. Hepatic leukemia factor (HLF) is thought to be closely associated with lung cancer metastasis.

Photocatalytic Strecker-Type Reaction for the Synthesis of Primary α-Aminonitriles.

A practical photoinduced direct N-O cleavage of oxime ethers via a single electron transfer (SET) process was developed, enabling controlled generation of N-H imines via iminyl radical intermediates. By employing this strategy, an efficient Strecker-type reaction was established to construct a variety of primary α-aminonitriles using TMSCN as a cyanide source. This protocol showed exceptional tolerance to various functional groups, delivering the corresponding products in good yields.

Engineering Interphasial Chemistry for Zn Anodes in Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries.

Aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) have emerged as promising candidates for large-scale energy storage systems during post lithium-ion era, drawing attention for their environmental-friendliness, cost-effectiveness, high safety, and minimal manufacturing constraints. However, the long-standing roadblock to their commercialization lies in the dendrite growth and parasitic reactions (hydrogen evolution reaction and water-induced corrosion) of the metallic zinc anode, which strongly depends on the complicated interphasial chemistries. This review, with a focus on optimizing the zinc anode/electrolyte interphase, begins by elucidating the intrinsic factor of zinc ions' migration, diffusion, nucleation, electro-crystallization, and growth of the zinc nucleus in AZIBs, along with the underlying scientific principles.

Direct Asymmetric α-Alkylation of β-Ketocarbonyl Compounds with Simple Olefins by Photoredox-Nickel-Hydrogen Atom Transfer Triple Catalysis.

Although the asymmetric α-alkylation of carbonyl compounds with activated olefins has already been established, extending this methodology to less activated or nonactivated olefins remains a significant challenge due to the polarity mismatch in these ionic processes. An alternative approach involves the activation of the parent carbonyl compounds into electrophilic α-carbonyl radicals, which could potentially overcome this limitation. However, the lack of efficient catalytic systems has impeded the wide adoption of this strategy, particularly in realm of the catalytic asymmetric reactions.

Silencing GRHL3 promotes multiple organ distant metastasis of lung squamous cell carcinoma cells by enhancing SOX2 stability via SIRT1.

Aberrant expression of grainyhead-like transcription factor 3 (GRHL3) has been extensively reported in the development and progression of several squamous cell carcinomas, such as cutaneous, head and neck, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, the clinical significance and biological roles of GRHL3 in lung squamous cell (LUSC) carcinoma are largely unclear. Herein, we report that GRHL3 was significantly upregulated in lung squamous epithelium of LUSC tissues, bronchiole, and bronchus.

A study on the forecast of fine dust emissions in the future according to the introduction of eco-friendly ships.

This study analyzes the anticipated impact of the deployment of green ships on reducing air pollutant emissions. We estimated air pollutant emissions from ships in Incheon Port, South Korea, and conducted a literature review and expert interviews to analyze changes in emissions as a function of the rate at which new ships can be converted to green ships in the future. The analysis showed that the PM10 and PM2.

Environmental efficiency assessment of coastal ports in China: Implications for sustainable port management.

By employing Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with Slacks-Based Measure (SBM) and DEA-Undesirable Output models, this study aims to investigate the operational and environmental efficiency of 26 major ports across China's Special Economic Zones (SEZs). Focusing on the interplay between operation performance and environmental sustainability, this research evaluates how well these ports manage their operational activities while minimizing their environmental impact. The results indicate that the ports in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Southwest Coast significantly outperform others.

Potential categories and influencing factors of problem behaviours in high school students: Based on latent profile analysis.

To explore the potential categories of problem behaviours among high school students and their relationships with parental support and optimism-pessimism, a cluster sampling method was utilized to survey 682 first- and second-year high school students. The results of the latent profile analysis indicated: (1) There were differences between male and female students across various dimensions of problem behaviours, with males scoring significantly higher in aggressive behaviour and delinquency, whereas females scored significantly higher in withdrawal behaviour, neuroticism and exam anxiety. (2) The study identified three latent categories of high school students based on their problem behaviours: the low-risk group, the moderate-risk group and the high-risk group.

Multicomponent Heterogeneous Semiconductor Photocatalytic Sulfinylsulfonylation of Alkenes with Alkyl Iodides and SO.

A multicomponent heterogeneous semiconductor photocatalytic sulfinylsulfonylation of alkenes with alkyl iodides and SO was displayed under mild metal-free conditions by using boron carbonitride (BCN) as the alternative photocatalyst. This approach has resulted in the production of a wide range of structurally diverse sultine products in moderate to high yields, using readily available starting materials including alkyl iodides and olefins with broad functional group tolerance. The method is also suitable for the late-stage functionalization of complex bioactive molecules.

The novel mechanism on the inhibition of superoxide anion generating from xanthine oxidase in the presence of myricetin.

To gain an in-depth understanding of the process of myricetin (MY) inhibiting the generation of O from Xanthine Oxidase (XOD) at a novel perspective, the inhibiting pathway is necessary to be re-elaborated through inhibitory type, thermodynamic analysis and molecular simulation. The results demonstrated that MY is indeed a potent inhibiting agent for O producing from XOD, with the maximum value of 33.78 % in the inhibition of O.

Multi‑omics identification of a signature based on malignant cell-associated ligand-receptor genes for lung adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) significantly contributes to cancer-related mortality worldwide. The heterogeneity of the tumor immune microenvironment in LUAD results in varied prognoses and responses to immunotherapy among patients. Consequently, a clinical stratification algorithm is necessary and inevitable to effectively differentiate molecular features and tumor microenvironments, facilitating personalized treatment approaches.

Rupr. flavonoids improve cyclophosphamide-induced reproductive function damage by regulating the testosterone synthesis pathway.

Introduction: The prevalence of male infertility has been increasing globally, necessitating the search for safe and nontoxic active compounds to alleviate reproductive dysfunction. Although the precise mechanism remains unknown, Rupr. (CS) extract has protective effects on the reproductive system.

Relationship between deltamethrin resistance and gut symbiotic bacteria of Aedes albopictus by 16S rDNA sequencing.

Background: Aedes albopictus is an important vector for pathogens such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses. While insecticides is the mainstay for mosquito control, their widespread and excessive use has led to the increased resistance in Ae. albopictus globally.

A General Copper-Box System for the Asymmetric Arylative Functionalization of Benzylic, Propargylic or Allenylic Radicals.

Radical-involved arylative cross-coupling reactions have recently emerged as an attractive strategy to access valuable aryl-substituted motifs. However, there still exist several challenges such as limited scope of radical precursors/acceptors, and lack of general asymmetric catalytic systems, especially regarding the multicomponent variants. Herein, we reported a general copper-Box system for asymmetric three-component arylative radical cross-coupling of vinylarenes and 1,3-enynes, with oxime carbonates and aryl boronic acids.