A Novel Integrated Inertial Navigation System with a Single-Axis Cold Atom Interferometer Gyroscope Based on Numerical Studies.

Inertial navigation systems (INSs) exhibit distinctive characteristics, such as long-duration operation, full autonomy, and exceptional covertness compared to other navigation systems. However, errors are accumulated over time due to operational principles and the limitations of sensors. To address this problem, this study theoretically explores a numerically simulated integrated inertial navigation system consisting of a single-axis cold atom interferometer gyroscope (CAIG) and a conventional inertial measurement unit (IMU).

Wave succession in the pandemic clone of Vibrio parahaemolyticus driven by gene loss.

While spontaneous mutation and gene acquisition are well-established drivers of pathogen adaptation, the role of gene loss remains underexplored. Here we investigated the emergence and diversification of the pandemic clone of Vibrio parahaemolyticus through large-scale phylogenomic analysis of 8,684 global isolates. The pandemic clone rapidly acquired multiple marker genes and genomic islands, subsequently diverging into successive sublineages mediating independent waves of cross-country transmission, as also observed in Vibrio cholerae.

The TEX44-CPT1B axis regulates mitochondrial sheath assembly and fatty acid oxidation in sperm.

Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) is essential for energy production and cellular homeostasis, yet its role in sperm function has remained unclear. Through whole-exome sequencing (WES) of 800 patients with asthenozoospermia, we identified biallelic Testis-Expressed Protein 44 (TEX44) variants in six individuals, all of whom exhibited defective mitochondrial sheath assembly and impaired sperm motility. Using Tex44 knockout mice, we show that TEX44 interacts with carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B (CPT1B) to form a mitochondrial glue, anchoring adjacent mitochondria and facilitating the assembly of the sperm-specific mitochondrial sheath.

Asymmetric Radical Coupling to Form β-Amino Acid Esters by Synergistic Chiral Phosphoric Acid and Photocatalysis.

β-Amino acids are essential building blocks in bioactive molecules, offering unique properties and potential in peptide and drug synthesis. Among them, β-amino acids-characterized by a contiguous quaternary and tertiary stereocenter-represent a structurally unique subclass with promising biological potential. However, their broader application has been hampered by the scarcity of general and efficient synthetic methods.

Establishment of a leaf regeneration system and its molecular basis in Poplar 741.

Unlabelled: has significant ecological and economic value and is widely used. This study developed an efficient regeneration system using sterile leaves as explants to directly induce adventitious buds. The effects of exogenous hormone concentration (6-Benzylaminopurine: 0, 1.

Establishment of a rapid Bordetella pertussis detection method based on RPA-CRISPR-Cas12a technology.

Whooping cough (pertussis) is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by Bordetella pertussis (BP). It poses a risk to infants and young children. This investigation aimed to construct a simple, rapid, and accurate diagnostic protocol for BP detection that does not depend on complex equipment or large-scale instruments.

A dual-mode transparent device for 360° quasi-omnidirectional self-driven photodetection and efficient ultralow-power neuromorphic computing.

Due to the extremely high manufacturing standards, the integration of quasi-omnidirectional photodetectors and synaptic devices within a single device remains a long-standing challenge. In this work, we have designed a graphene/(Al,Ga)N nanowire heterojunction, demonstrating the monolithic integration of self-driven 360° photodetectors and artificial synapses in a dual-mode transparent device successfully. By manipulating the carrier transport dynamics through controlling the bias voltage, the degree of oxygen vacancy ionization can be precisely regulated, ultimately realizing the monolithic dual-mode device.

Genome Survey and Evolutionary Analysis of Eight Lamprotula Species: SSR Profiling, Mitochondrial Characterization, and Population Dynamics Inference.

Freshwater bivalves are vital to aquatic ecosystems but face severe global threats. Understanding their genomic traits and evolution is crucial for effective conservation. This study conducted whole-genome sequencing on eight Lamprotula species.

A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of pathways and biomarkers shared between type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: T2DM and COPD are prevalent and high-burden diseases which are closely related, with poor patient outcomes. In this study, we aimed to identify common diagnostic markers for T2DM and COPD and their therapeutic potential.

Methods: Microarray data from the GEO database were analyzed to identify DEGs, whereas WGCNA, co-differential gene analyses were employed to identify co-expression modules and DEGs functions.

Microbiome-mediated colonization resistance to carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in ICU patients.

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) causes serious intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired infections, yet the mechanisms of microbiota-mediated colonization resistance remain unclear. We analyzed the gut microbiome and metabolic profiles of healthy individuals and ICU patients, distinguishing those with and without CRKP colonization. ICU patients showed distinct microbial communities compared to healthy controls, and CRKP-positive patients exhibited unique microbial and metabolic signatures.

Insights From a User Experience-Focused Virtual Study on the Feasibility and Challenges of Decentralized Clinical Trials.

The decentralized clinical trial (DCT) approach may potentially improve patient accrual and diversity and reduce logistical burden; however, its implementation in China is still in its infancy due to limited practical experience and guidance. We utilized stakeholder engagement research to simulate DCT processes and investigate their feasibility and applicability in a local context. This study, conducted between October 2023 and June 2024, engaged stakeholders to simulate the roles of the investigator, study nurse/pharmacist, and patient in a DCT, and explored feasibility, challenges, and procedures locally.

Cinobufagin Inhibits Invasion and Migration of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer via Regulating Glucose Metabolism Reprogramming in Tumor-Associated Macrophages.

Background: The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) in lung cancer, driven in part by M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), contributes to worse prognosis and supports tumor progression. Cinobufagin (CB), an active compound in cinobufotalin injections, has demonstrated potential antitumor effects by modulating macrophage activity. This study investigated the mechanism by which CB influences glucose metabolism and polarization in M2 TAMs by focusing on the regulation of HIF-1α.

Molecular characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility of carbapenem-resistant in a multicenter study in Ningbo, China.

Objective: To analyze the molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance profiles of carbapenem-resistant (CR-KP) isolates in Ningbo, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for hospital infection control strategies and the implementation of precise clinical diagnosis and treatment protocols.

Methods: During the period from April 30, 2023 to June 30, 2024, clinical isolates of were collected from multiple centers in Ningbo, including The Affiliated Li Huili Hospital (Yinzhou District, Ningbo), Xiangshan Red Cross Taiwan Compatriot Hospital Medical and Health Group (Xiangshan, Ningbo), and the Second Hospital of Ninghai County (Ninghai, Ningbo). A total of 81 CR-KP strains were identified using the broth dilution method for carbapenem resistance screening.

Direct Synthesis of Amino Acids from Plastic, Air, and Water.

Amino acids as fundamental building blocks exhibit versatile applications spanning from food science to pharmaceutical development. Conventional biological and chemical synthetic approaches suffer from low efficiency and elevated energy demands. While emerging thermocatalysis and photocatalysis strategies offer promising alternatives, their environmental sustainability is substantially constrained by their reliance on Haber-Bosch-derived ammonia as a nitrogen source, which contributes to a significant carbon footprint.

Sustainable production through spatial niche partitioning in engineered light-driven microbial community.

Light-driven microbial communities consisting of phototrophs and heterotrophs represent an emerging frontier for biochemicals production from carbon dioxide (CO). However, the construction of stable and robust light-driven artificial microbial communities remains challenging because the dominant strain wins the competition for nutrient and leads to the instability of subpopulations. Inspired by natural ecosystems, one promising approach to assemble stable consortia is to construct spatial niches partitioning subpopulations-that is, physically separating different microbial members into distinct microenvironments to reduce competition and enable stable coexistence.

Unveiling the evolution of VIP1 subgroup bZIP transcription factors in plants and the positive effects of BdiVIP1A on heat stress response in Brachypodium distachyon.

Plant VIP1 subgroup bZIPs have been characterized, VIP1 orthologs were angiosperm-specific; BdiVIP1A localized in the nucleus and increased plant heat tolerance. In plants, group I basic region/leucine zipper motif (bZIP) transcription factors (TFs), particularly VIP1 and its close homologs (the VIP1 subgroup), play crucial roles in vascular development and osmosensory responses. However, the ancestral origins and evolutionary processes underlying their functional diversity across plant lineages remain poorly understood.

Gut microbiota-mediated poly(ε-caprolactone) microplastic degradation exacerbates metabolic dysregulation.

As common biodegradable plastics (BPs), poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) was used in food packaging, pharmaceuticals, biomedicine, and tissue engineering, which can be easily broken down by environmental microorganisms into microplastics (MPs), leading to their exposure and accumulation in the human body. However, the adverse health effect resulting from exposure to PCL MPs remain largely unknown. Therefore, this study comprehensively investigated the impact of PCL MPs on lipid metabolism, intestinal barrier, and gut microbiota.

Predictive role of neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio in acute fulminant myocarditis patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Background: Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation induces an inflammatory response upon initiation. The neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio is a promising biomarker for predicting mortality in patients with systemic inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the association between neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio and in-hospital mortality in pediatric patients with acute fulminant myocarditis undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and to develop a PEACE model for predicting mortality in these patients.

Synergistic effects of multiple pathological processes on Alzheimer's disease risk: Evidence for age-dependent stroke interactions.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis involves complex interactions between multiple neuropathological processes, yet traditional approaches focus on individual markers. The cumulative effects of multiple pathologies and their interactions with cerebrovascular compromise and age remain poorly understood. This study aimed to develop a comprehensive Pathological Burden Score (PBS) and examine its relationship with AD risk, including interactions with stroke history and age.

The telomere-to-telomere gap-free reference genome and taxonomic reassessment of Siniperca roulei.

Siniperca roulei is primarily distributed in the eastern waters of China, with its population being both scarce and vulnerable. Research on this species remains limited, with few studies conducted on its biology and genetics, which hampers efforts to conserve its germplasm resources. To support breeding and conservation efforts, we generated a gap-free genome assembly using a combination of DNBSeq short reads, PacBio HiFi long reads, Nanopore ultra-long reads, and Hi-C data.

AU-Net: Adaptive Unified Network for Joint Multi-Modal Image Registration and Fusion.

Joint multi-modal image registration and fusion (JMIRF) typically follows a register-first, fuse-later paradigm. It has a registration module to align parallax images and a fusion module to fuse registered images. Existing research typically focuses on the mutual enhancement between the two modules, but this is essentially a straightforward combination rather than an efficient, unified network.

Identification and fine-mapping of resistant to Northern Corn Leaf Blight.

Unlabelled: Northern Corn Leaf Blight (NCLB), caused by the fungal pathogen , is a destructive disease on maize. Identification of resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) or genes is crucial for breeding maize varieties with durable resistance to NCLB. Although a lot of resistance QTLs against NCLB have been isolated, only a few have been fine-mapped to date.

MA-METTL3-dependent nuclear PANC754/PSPC1/H3K4me1 repression complex regulate immune evasive LGALS7 signal to enhance immunotherapy against colorectal cancer.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have important regulatory functions similar to traditional oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. Our previous research found a novel pan-cancer downexpressed ncRNA, PANC754. However, its function and underlying mechanism remain obscure in colorectal cancer (CRC).